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Biomedical subjects

M Ohta

Publications and source records attributed to M Ohta.

At least 1,225 records · Page 68Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Dentatorubropallidoluysian degeneration: clinical, neuro-ophthalmologic, biochemical, and pathologic studies on autosomal dominant form.

Four cases in two generations of a Japanese family are described as affected by an autosomal dominant-inherited cerebellar ataxia, pyramidal and extrapyramidal signs, and abnormal ocular movements, resembling Machado-Joseph disease. The neuro-ophthalmologic examination suggests the involvement of multiple motor control systems. The neuropathologic examination of one case showed neuronal loss in the subthalamic nuclei, pallidum, dentate nuclei of cerebellum, and red nuclei, which is distinct from Machado-Joseph disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Angiographic consideration of rheumatic mitral valvular disease.

An angiocardiographical analysis of the rheumatic mitral valvular changes was performed on 344 patients examined during the period from October, 1977 to July, 1980. The following results were obtained: 1) In the analysis of the mitral apparatus, the mitral orifice projection which enables us to observe the mitral annulus as en face and the long axial projection enabling us to observe the profile was particularly useful for the diagnostic validity. 2) Mitral orifice projection was useful for the diagnosis of stenosis dominant lesion, while long axial projection was beneficial for the diagnosis of regurgitation dominant lesion. 3) The measurements of mitral apparatus were carried out through these projection methods. It was found that the diameter of annular ring as well as the area of posterior leaflet were markedly increased in the mitral regurgitation group.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Effect of spironolactone on hepatic microsomal monooxygenase and azoreductase activities.

Spironolactone pretreatment (10mg/100g, twice daily for 4 days, orally) caused a significant decrease in cytochrome P-450 levels in the liver microsomes in female rats but male rats were unaffected. NADH oxidase activity was significantly decreased in both sexes by this pretreatment but NADPH oxidase and NADH cytochrome C reductase activities were not altered. NADPH cytochrome c reductase activity was increased more markedly in female rats. Despite the decrease in P-450 levels, aminopyrine N-demethylase activity was increased in female rats, while it remained unchanged in males. 7-Ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase activity was markedly increased in male and slightly decreased in female rats. The azoreductase activity was slightly reduced in treated male rats and remained unaltered in female rats when it was expressed in activity per mg microsomal protein, but the activity did show a significant increase in female rats when it was expressed as a P-450 specific rate. Sex associated differences in the effect of spironolactone on the rat liver microsomal drug metabolizing enzyme system demonstrated in the present study cannot be simply explained by the previously reported effect on adrenal and testicular steroids in male rats. It also seems unlikely that these effects were caused by an alteration in P-450 quality by selective destruction of certain species of P-450.

Aminopyrine N-Demethylase↗
PubMed1982

[Evaluation of left ventricular wall characteristics in ischemic heart disease by cardiac CT examination].

Sixty-one cases with ischemic heart disease were examined with ECG-gated computed tomography (CT), and left ventricular (LV) wall properties were evaluated by the end-diastolic and end-systolic images of LV slices in terms of LV inner wall motion, LV wall thickness change in cardiac cycle and LV wall thinning. 1) Inner wall motion abnormalities of LV were detected by superimposing ED and ES images, and these coincided with angiocardiographic findings in 82% of LV segments, while assessment was difficult in the septal side because of its poor wall motion even in normal cases. In CT examination, both "hypokinesis" and "dyskinesis" in left ventriculography (LVG) were likely to be expressed as "akinesis" due to poor time resolution, causing difficulty in assessing the severity of abnormality. 2) In CT examination, changes in LV wall thickness during cardiac cycle were easily evaluated, especially in the septal segments. LV segments of a poor thickness change were well correlated with those of the abnormal wall motion assessed by LVG in 72% of LV segments. 3) In CT, LV wall contractility was finally evaluated by the combination of inner wall motion and wall thickness change, and the final assessments agreed with those observed in LVG in 84% of LV segments. 4) LV segments of abnormal motion evaluated by both inner wall motion and wall thickness change in CT image were well correlated with those observed by LVG (75%), and were thought to imply severe myocardial ischemia. 5) A great part of LV segments with wall thinning corresponded to the severely impaired wall motion observed in LVG (83%) and clinically identified myocardial infarction (87%). Wall thinning was well correlated with infarction.

Adult↗