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Biomedical subjects

M Ohara

Publications and source records attributed to M Ohara.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

[Click syndrome].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Heart Auscultation↗
PubMed1977

[Religious experiences in schizophrenics].

Two cases of the schizophrenia are reported with phenomenological discussion of their religious experiences of Christian nature that appeared in the course of the illness. These experiences are so similar to the conversion and continue in the subsequent spiritual life of these patients and exert influences deeply upon the healing process of the illness. Their experiences of Christian nature didn't appear suddenly, but arose as consequence of a concentration of conflicts that had been accumulated up to that time similar to the phenomena of the conversion. The problem of the insight into the illness was also refered; the attitude toward the illness changed after the religious experiences into an "affirmative attitude with positive acceptance of one's own illness.".

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Successful treatment with stereotactic radiosurgery for brain metastases of endometrial carcinoma: a case report and review of the literature.

Brain metastases from endometrial carcinomas are rare and the treatment is usually difficult. Here, we report a patient with stage IV endometrial carcinoma whose brain metastases showed complete remission after stereotactic radiosurgery using a gamma-knife. A 48-year-old woman underwent removal of a single brain metastatic lesion, and one month later underwent hysterectomy for endometrioid-type G3, endometrial adenocarcinoma. After hysterectomy, a cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated multiple brain metastases and the patient received two courses of stereotactic radiosurgery and six courses of chemotherapy. Complete response of the brain lesions was obtained, and she is well without recurrence 38 months after the second stereotactic radiosurgery.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Significant changes in intestinal lymphatic system and immune response elicited by Peyer's patch excision in adult rats.

The effect of deprivation of Peyer's patches (PP) on transport of lymphocytes through intestinal lymph and intestinal mucosal immune responses was investigated in rats. All visible PP in the rat small intestine were excised in order to examine the roles of PP in the intestinal lymphatic system and mucosal immune responses of the intestine. Two weeks after the experimental excision of PP, lymphocyte transport in intestinal lymph was significantly decreased in PP-excised rats without significant changes in lymphocyte subsets as compared with sham operated control rats. Lymphocyte subsets as determined morphometrically in the intestinal mucosa showed no significant alteration in PP-excised rats. There was a significant decrease in the number of immunoglobulin A (IgA) containing cells in the intestinal mucosa of PP-excised rats, while IgM and IgG containing cells showed no statistically significant changes in number. Conversely, the macrophages in the intestinal mucosa increased in number, suggesting the enhanced accessory functions of these macrophages. Antigen-specific immune response was further studied in PP-excised rats using intraduodenal priming and challenge with cholera toxin (CT). Both the determinations of cells producing antigen-specific antibody in the intestinal mucosa using anti-CT antibody and those of cells secreting anti-CT Ig in the intestinal lymph by enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay showed a significant reduction of CT-specific antibody production in PP-excised rats compared with controls. Peyer's patches appear to have an important role in lymphocyte transportation through intestinal lymph and also in mucosal immune responses.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Immunoglobulin G subclass distribution of human anticolon antibodies in ulcerative colitis.

Immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclasses of anticolon antibodies were studied in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The concentrations of total serum IgG subclasses were also measured by ELISA. The values for total serum IgG subclasses in patients with UC were not significantly different from those in normal controls, while the ratio of IgG1 to IgG2 in the patients was significantly higher than that in normal controls. All four IgG subclasses of autoantibodies were demonstrated in the sera of the patients. IgG4 anticolon antibodies were detected most frequently (15 out of 18 patients, 83%). IgG2 was the next most prevalent (9 of 18 patients, 50%). The activity of anticolon antibodies in each subclass did not correlate with the concentration of the corresponding serum IgG subclass. Seven cell lines producing anticolon antibodies were obtained from the colonic mucosa of the patients by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) transformation. IgG subclasses of anticolon antibodies secreted by these cell lines were also varied. IgG4 subclass was secreted by three EBV transformed cell lines, all of which produced IgG4 anticolon antibodies. These results suggest that all four different IgG subclasses could respond to the colon antigens and that various antigens in colonic mucosa or lumen may contribute to the induction of those autoantibodies. In addition, the prominence of IgG4 anticolon antibodies may support the pathogenic role of this subclass in UC as in other autoimmune diseases.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Absence of microsatellite instability and germline mutations of E-cadherin, APC and p53 genes in Japanese familial gastric cancer.

To evaluate the genetic factors of familial predisposition to gastric cancer, genetic alterations in the surgically resected stomach samples from gastric-cancer-prone families were investigated. Familial gastric cancer (FGC) was defined as gastric cancer occurring in a family with 3 or more gastric cancer patients over at least two successive generations. We examined replication error (RER) of six microsatellite markers and screened mutations of the 10-(A) repeat sequence in the transforming growth factor-beta receptor type II (TGF-betaRII) gene in individuals from seven unrelated FGC families. Three cases showed RER at one of the six (CA)n microsatellite markers but the other 4 cases showed no RER at any of these loci. No mutation was found in the 10-(A) repeat of the TGF-betaRII gene. Additionally, no germline mutation was found by polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism in exons 1-16 of E-cadherin, exons 5-8 of p53 and in the mutation cluster region of APC. These results indicate that disorders in the DNA mismatch repair system, E-cadherin, p53 and APC may be infrequently involved in the carcinogenesis of Japanese FGC.

Adenomatous Polyposis Coli Protein↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Mechanisms of renal retention of sodium and water in heart failure, cirrhosis and pregnancy].

A decade after a unifying hypothesis of sodium and water regulation had been proposed, evidence has accumulated in support of common (patho)physiologic mechanisms of sodium and water retention in congestive heart failure, cirrhosis and pregnancy. Either primary arterial vasodilatation (cirrhosis, pregnancy), or a decrease in cardiac output (low-output heart failure) impair arterial circulatory integrity ("effective arterial blood volume"), which unloads ventricular and arterial baroreceptors. Consequently, activation of the sympathetic nervous system, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, arginine-vasopressin, as well as other less well explored mechanisms occurs in an attempt to restore the arterial circulatory integrity. Consequences of this neurohumoral activation with arterial uderfilling include renal sodium and water retention and an increase in peripheral vascular resistance. In this review specific pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying the sodium and water retention in congestive heart failure, cirrhosis and pregnancy will be discussed.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

99mTc-HSA lymphoscintigraphy and leg edema following arterial reconstruction.

Twelve patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease were evaluated prospectively in an effort to further investigate the etiology of pedal and lower leg edema that occurs following revascularization (e.g., aorto-iliac or femoropopliteal bypass). Serum total protein, albumin, blood urea nitrogen, and creatinine levels were measured (in addition to peripheral venous pressure), and lymphoscintigraphy of the lower leg was performed. These parameters were assessed just prior to surgery, four weeks postoperatively, and again at follow-up. The serum levels obtained four weeks after surgery and on subsequent follow-ups were significantly higher than the preoperative values. Preoperative peripheral venous pressure was not significantly different from that obtained after surgery. There was no correlation between these pressure measurements and the degree of edema (Grades I to IV correspond to increasing degrees of severity). For both the supine and upright positions, lymphoscintigraphic counts in the inguinal region were significantly higher after surgery. However, the relative increase was dependent upon the severity of edema. The postoperative lymphoscintigraphic count in the upright position was 77 +/- 33 CPS in patients with Grades I and II edema (n = 6) and 20.6 +/- 16.2 CPS in patients with Grades III and IV edema (n = 10) (p less than 0.01). Thus, a lesser degree of postoperative pedal and lower leg edema was associated with higher lymphoscintigraphic counts. We conclude that major contributors to the development of lower extremity edema following arterial reconstruction are failed capillary hydrostatic pressure and interrupted lymphatic drainage.

Aged↗