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Biomedical subjects

M Ogata

Publications and source records attributed to M Ogata.

At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Facial nerve schwannomas: report of two cases].

Although schwannoma may arise from any true cranial nerve, it is well known that the acoustic and trigeminal nerves are frequent origins. Schwannomas of the facial nerve are rare. In this communication, two cases of facial nerve schwannoma arose from the horizontal portion are reported. Case 1. A 44 year-old male was admitted to our clinic complaining of left hearing loss and facial asymmetry. About three years prior to the admission, he first noticed left hearing disturbance which was gradually deteriorated and was transiently accompanied by left tinnitus during the progression. Then muscle spasm developed on the left eyelid which resolved spontaneously in a few weeks, then asymmetry of the face developed. Neurological examination on admission revealed left hearing loss and left peripheral facial palsy. As a result of neuro-otological examinations, left hearing impairment and left facial palsy were thought to be due to retrocochlear and suprageniculate lesions respectively. Plain skull radiograms and tomograms revealed marked destruction of left pyramis and enlarged internal auditory canal. Computed tomography of the brain showed low-density mass in the left middle fossa and defect of the tip of the left pyramis. After bolus injection of contrast material, peripheral portion of the middle fossa mass was enhanced non-homogeneously and enhanced mass extended to the posterior fossa. Left middle and posterior fossas were explored by carrying out a osteoplastic temporal flap and suboccipital craniectomy. A large extradural mass was noted to have filled the middle fossa which extended to the posterior fossa through destroyed pyramis and enlarged internal auditory canal. The tumor was removed subtotally.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Facial palsy following head injury: topognosis, prognosis and indications for surgical decompression].

It is a common experience that the facial nerve is affected in closed head injury. 781 patients with head injury were treated at Kobe Central Municipal Hospital over a period of 5 years from January 1977 to April 1982, and facial palsy occurred in 25 cases (3.2%). The male to female ratio was 22: 3 and age ranged from 9 to 78 (average 36). The patients were studied, using radiological, topognostic and electrodiagnostic methods. Facial nerve decompression was done in 5 cases and 20 cases were treated conservatively. Results were as follows. The overall rate of complete recovery was 64% (16 of 25 cases). In the conservative treatment group, all patients with incomplete paralysis and normal maximal stimulation test (MST) recovered completely. With complete paralysis, if the initial nerve excitability (MST) was normal, recovery could be expected by conservative treatment. Even if the patients had abnormal nerve excitability (MST) at first, complete recovery could be observed, when signs of recovery could be elicited and normalization of MST occurred within 3 weeks from the onset of the palsy. In severe cases, even with abnormal MST from the onset, complete or partial recovery can be expected after surgery. Therefore, microsurgical decompression of the facial nerve is indicated in the following cases: patients with complete paralysis and no response to MST from the onset. patients with complete paralysis and deteriorating response to MST 1 month after onset. Maximal stimulation test is a good guide for determining the necessity for surgical intervention.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1984

Mercury concentration in the blood and organs of normal and acatalasemic mice after intraperitoneal injection of metallic mercury (203Hg0).

The total amount of mercury exhaled from acatalasemic mice in ten minutes after injection of metallic mercury was about 1.6 times higher than that of normal mice. The level of metallic mercury in the blood of acatalasemic mice was significantly higher than that of normal mice. The levels of mercury in the brain and liver in acatalasemic mice in ten minutes after injection of metallic mercury, and the brain/blood ratio or liver/blood ratio of mercury in acatalasemic mice were significantly higher than those of normal mice. These results suggest that metallic mercury in the blood readily passes through the blood-brain or blood-liver barrier.

Acatalasia↗
PubMed1983

A new single band variant of the Gc subtypes determined by isoelectric focusing.

A new single band variant (Gc Ta) of the Gc subtypes which does not correspond with the known Gc variants has been detected in a healthy blood donor by isoelectric focusing. Using this technique the variant is represented by a single band, which is more cathodically located than the 1A8(fast) band and more anodically located than the 1A3(fast) band. It is well known that the single band Gc phenotypes remain unaltered after neuraminidase treatment. Nevertheless, the new single band variant (Gc Ta) is altered after neuraminidase treatment. In this case the new single band Gc variant also contained N-acetylneuraminic acid (NANA).

Blood Group Antigens↗
PubMed1983

The pattern of spinal and extraspinal hyperostosis in patients with ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament and the ligamentum flavum causing myelopathy.

Thirty one patients suffering from myelopathy associated with ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament and ligamentum flavum of the spine have been investigated. The pattern of spinal and peripheral hyperostosis was recorded in each case. Flowing anterior vertebral hyperostosis and ligamentous ossification at the enthesis around the pelvis and hips were the most frequent associations, occurring in approximately 86% of patients. The distribution and incidence of the spinal and extraspinal hyperostosis in this series corresponds closely to the findings in diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH). The present findings indicate that patients suffering from cervical myelopathy and ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament should be regarded as manifesting focal features of a more generalised disorder producing skeletal hyperostosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Differences in urinary monochlorobenzene metabolites between rats and humans.

The high performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of p-chlorobenzene mercapturic acid and 4-chlorocatechol conjugates is described. For determination of urinary mercapturic acid, the benzene extract from urine was injected into a liquid chromatograph and for determination of urinary 4-chlorocatechol conjugates, hydrolysate was dissolved in methanol. The methanol solution containing 4-chlorocatechol was injected into a liquid chromatograph. Differences in urinary excretion of monochlorobenzene between rats and humans were studied. Monochlorobenzene was administered to rats intraperitoneally, and to humans orally or by inhalation. Urinary p-chlorophenylmercapturic acid, and 4-chlorocatechol after hydrolysis of its conjugate, were measured. The amount of total metabolites is proportional to the doses administered to rats, rabbits and mice by intraperitoneal injection. The ratio of urinary mercapturic acid to 4-chlorocatechol is in the order of rats, mice and rabbits by intraperitoneal injection, and rats and human beings by oral administration. The excretion of p-chlorophenylmercapturic acid was markedly less than that of 4-chlorocatechol in humans who received monochlorobenzene orally or by inhalation. The results indicate that the 4-chlorocatechol conjugate is a suitable index of metabolites in the urine of workers exposed to monochlorobenzene.

Acetylcysteine↗
PubMed1983

Capillary GC/MS determination of organic sulfur compounds detected in oyster and mussel caught in the sea as an oil pollution index.

The organic sulfur compounds usually contained in crude oil were used as a marker of oil pollution in shellfish. The oyster (Crassostrea gigas) and mussel (Mytilus edulis) were caught in the Seto Inland Sea of Japan. Capillary-column gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) of extracts showed the presence of organic sulfur compounds of dibenzothiophene and alkyl dibenzothiophenes (C1-C3). The concentration factor of organic sulfur compounds in the oyster and mussel was determined by gas chromatography using a flame photometric detector.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

The relationship between alcohol and mortality among Japanese physicians.

Based on the survey in 1965 on smoking and drinking habits of physicians in western Japan, the mortality pattern among 5139 male Japanese physicians over 12.7 years was examined in terms of drinking habit. Among six groups with different drinking habits: ex-drinker, non-drinker, occasional drinker and daily drinker whose intake of alcohol was equivalent to below 1, 1-1.9 or 2 and more go of sake (1 go of sake congruent to 27 ml of alcohol), ex-drinkers had the highest risk of dying. Mortality from all causes among non-drinkers was higher than that among occasional drinkers or the lowest daily drinkers, but the differences were not significant. Among daily drinkers, total mortality was significantly increased with the amount of alcohol. As for cause-specific mortality, cancer and stroke showed a significant positive association with alcohol. No significant inverse relationship was noted for heart disease or coronary heart disease, although non-drinkers had higher mortality than occasional or daily drinkers. There was no obvious effect of alcohol on mortality from either liver cirrhosis or accidents, but deaths from these causes were few.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Comparative efficacy of antiherpes drugs against various strains of varicella-zoster virus.

Twenty antiherpes compounds were compared for their inhibitory activities against five laboratory strains and five clinical isolates of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) in human embryo fibroblast cultures. E-5-(2-bromovinyl)-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyluracil (BVaraU), E-5-(2-iodovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (IVDU), and E-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (BVDU) were the most effective. The average values of the 50% inhibitory dose (ID50) for VZV replication were 0.0013, 0.0015, and 0.0024 micrograms/ml, respectively. 1-beta-D-Arabinofuranosyladenine and 9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)guanine were 1.2 and 3.4 times less effective than 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine (IDU). The selectivity indexes (ratio of ID50 for host-cell DNA synthesis to ID50 for VZV replication) of BVaraU, IVDU, and BVDU were between 41,000 and 67,000, whereas those of cytosine arabinoside, IDU, and 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine were less than 1.1. BVaraU, IVDU, and BVDU were the most potent and the most selective inhibitors of VZV activity. A deoxythymidine kinase deficient mutant of VZV was resistant to most of the compounds tested at concentrations up to 36,000 times greater than the average ID50 for strains that were not deficient.

Antiviral Agents↗
PubMed1983

Isolation of Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma species from raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus).

Mycoplasma spp. were isolated from five wild raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus). On the basis of biochemical properties and serological tests, nine isolates were identified as Mycoplasma edwardii and four were similar to a possibly new Mycoplasma sp. represented by strain LM2 which is negative for both glucose fermentation and arginine hydrolysis. In addition, ureaplasmas were detected from these animals. Ureaplasmas were compared serologically with ureaplasma strains isolated from human, monkey, cattle, goat, sheep, cat, chicken and dog and cross-reacted with one of four serological groups of canine ureaplasmas.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Salt and geographical mortality of gastric cancer and stroke in Japan.

Age- and sex-adjusted mortality rates of gastric cancer and stroke in the years 1974-6 for 46 prefectures and 12 regions in Japan were related to regional differences of average per capita daily intake of salt during the period 1966-70 to test Joossen's hypothesis that salt is a common cause of both gastric cancer and stroke. While mortality rates of stroke were strongly correlated with salt intake in 12 regions (r = 0.85, p less than 0.001), mortality rates of gastric cancer showed hardly any correlation with salt intake (r = 0.02). There was no strong correlation between the two diseases in perfectural or regional mortality rates (r = 0.20). It was concluded that geographical mortality of gastric cancer and stroke in Japan did not support Joossens's hypothesis, and other evidence against the salt hypothesis has also been referred to.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Maximal expiratory flow-volume patterns in airway allergy.

We considered upper and lower airway allergies as different phases of airway allergy and MEFV patterns to vary according to the intensity of airway obstruction in maximal expiratory flow-volume and volume-time tests on fourteen patients with nasal allergy, two with allergic bronchitis, two with bronchial asthma, and sixteen nonsmoking healthy subjects. In nasal allergy, flow changes during high lung volumes were different from those in allergic bronchitis and bronchial asthma, and MEFV patterns in nasal allergy were more widely varied than those in allergic bronchitis and bronchial asthma. We classified MEFV patterns into five ones.

Forced Expiratory Flow Rates↗
PubMed1983

Discriminant analysis of pulmonary function parameters--mild asthmatics versus moderate asthmatics--.

Maximal expiratory volume-time and flow-volume (MEVT and MEFV) curves were constructed from the measurements of young male nonsmoking, mild and moderate asthmatic patients (mean age, 29.7 yrs.). Eleven parameters of the pulmonary function tests, two MEVT, six MEFV, and three mean time constant (MTC) parameters, were calculated from the curves. These parameters were used in 15 analyses through the all possible selection procedure (APAP) discriminating between mild and moderate asthmatics. The probability of misclassification was computed with each of the eleven parameters, and all eleven probabilities thus obtained were compared with each other. This procedure showed us that the probability of misclassification ranged from 30.83% to 45.40% and that the most useful parameter was MTC50-25. The probability of misclassification computed using all eleven parameters (total parameter group) was 15.90%. The discriminant analysis indicated that the flow-volume patterns varied according the severity of bronchial asthma, thus, the flow-volume curve was considered to be important in analyzing the severity of bronchial asthma.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Effects of environmental pollutants on the mitochondrial and red cell membranes.

Most environmental pollutants affect biological membranes more or less, resulting in an increase in permeability of mitochondrial and red cell membranes, which causes changes in potassium compartmentation, and also impairment of oxidative phosphorylation of mitochondria. Authors classified various environmental pollutants from the mode of action on biological membranes.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗