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Biomedical subjects

M Ogata

Publications and source records attributed to M Ogata.

At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Distal anterior cerebral artery aneurysm causing acute subdural hematoma: report of two cases].

We report two cases of distal anterior cerebral artery aneurysms (distal ACA-aneurysm) causing acute subdural hematomas, which were diagnosed preoperatively. Case 1: 56 y.o. female who presented with stupor and right hemiparesis, was operated on 8 hrs. post-ictus. Case 2: 51 y.o. female who presented with semi-coma, anisocoria and decerebrate posture was operated on 5 hrs. post-ictus. She is alive in fair condition at present. Incidence of acute subdural hematomas in association with ruptured cerebral aneurysms has been reported as variously as 0.5 to 7.9% (clinical cases), with their source of bleeding being either IC or MCA aneurysms. Acute subdural hematomas as complication of ruptured distal ACA aneurysms are rare, and to the authors' knowledge, only 6 cases have been reported so far. Review of the literature regarding mechanism of formation of subdural hematoma, clinical course and treatment of choice are also reported.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

Regional mapping of catalase and Wilms tumor--aniridia, genitourinary abnormalities, and mental retardation triad loci to the chromosome segment 11p1305----p1306.

Gene dosage effects for catalase (CAT) were studied in two unrelated patients with an interstitial deletion involving 11p13 to determine precisely the sites of the genes for CAT and the Wilms tumor--aniridia, genitourinary abnormalities, and mental retardation triad (WAGR) in the 11p13 band. Case 1 had the aniridia-Wilms tumor association, and case 2 showed the AGR triad. The karyotypes identified by high resolution banding techniques were 46,XY,del(11)(pter----p13::p11.11----qter) for case 1 and 46,XY,t(2;17)(q23;q25),del(11)(pter----p13::p11.2----qter) for case 2. In both cases, the distal breakpoints of the deleted chromosomes 11 appeared to have occurred on the middle portion of 11p13 (11p1305----p1306). The level of erythrocyte CAT activities in case 1 was reduced (47% of normal), while that in case 2 was normal. The results suggested not only that both the CAT and WAGR should be mapped to chromosome region 11p1305----p1306, but also that in this region the CAT locus is more distally placed than the WAGR locus. Because of the proximity of the two gene loci, assays of erythrocyte CAT may be useful to identify a submicroscopic deletion in some patients with sporadic aniridia and to predict a risk of developing Wilms tumor.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1984

Synthesis and neuroleptic activity of N-[(1-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)methyl]-2-methoxy-5-sulfonamidobenzamide s.

A series of some novel N-[(1-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)methyl]benzamides involving replacement of the sulfamoyl group in sulpiride with a sulfonamido group was synthesized and tested for dopamine receptor blockade. In comparison with sulpiride, several compounds were considerably more potent than sulpiride as dopamine receptor blockers. The structure-activity relationships are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Synthesis and antiarrhythmic activity of new 1-[1-[2-[3-(alkylamino)-2-hydroxypropoxy]phenyl]vinyl]-1 H-imidazoles and related compounds.

Various 1-[1-[2-[3-(alkylamino)-2-hydroxypropoxy]phenyl]vinyl]-1 H-azoles were synthesized and investigated for beta-adrenoceptor-blocking and antiarrhythmic activities. Although no compounds showed more potent beta-blocking effects than propranolol in the isolated guinea pig right atria, many compounds exhibited significant antiarrhythmic effects against aconitine or ischemic arrhythmia in mice or dogs. 1-[2,5-Dichloro-6-[1-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-ethenyl] phenoxy]-3-[(1-methylethyl)amino]-2-propanol hydrochloride (48) (711389-S) was selected as a candidate for clinical evaluation in man, since its antiarrhythmic effects were superior to those of quinidine, disopyramide, or propranolol. Asymmetric synthesis of (R)-(+)- and (S)-(-)-48 is described, and it is proven that there is no stereospecificity in the antiarrhythmic effect of 48.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1984

Mortality among Japanese Zen priests.

A cohort study was done on 1396 deaths seen among 4352 Japanese male Zen priests during a follow up period from 1 January 1955 to 31 December 1978. Standardised mortality ratios were computed for major causes of death by comparing with the counterparts of the general Japanese male population. The SMR for all causes of death was 0.82 (p less than 0.001) and the SMR values for cerebrovascular diseases, pneumonia and bronchitis, peptic ulcer, liver cirrhosis, cancer of the respiratory organs, and cancer of the lung were all significantly smaller than unity. Taking regional mortality differences into account, a similar computation was made dividing the cohort into two subcohorts--that is, the priests living in eastern Japan and those in western Japan. Both subcohorts showed a highly significantly smaller SMR than unity for all causes of death. With the exception of only a few causes of death for which the observed number of deaths was small, they also showed such reduced SMRs for nearly all of the causes of death tested. A questionnaire survey on the current life style of active priests showed that they smoke less, eat less, meat and fish as they follow the more traditional Japanese dietary habits, and live in less polluted areas, but their drinking habits do not differ much from that of the average Japanese adult man. Possible reasons for their reduced mortality are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[A nationwide survey on the use of organic solvents in Japan].

A total of 1,179 organic solvent products used as thinners, paint, degreasers, inks, adhesive and others, were collected nationwide from factories of various sizes and kinds in Japan, and analyzed by gas chromatography. Solvent components per sample, frequency of each solvent component, and contents of each component were analyzed and classified by use. Paints, inks, and adhesives which contained nonvolatile substances were analyzed by head space techniques. Seventy-seven percent of all samples, 93% of paints, 85% of thinners, 73% of adhesives, and 52% of degreasers contained mixed organic solvents. The average numbers of solvent components per sample were 4.14 (max. 13) in thinner, 3.29 (max. 7) in paint, 2.23 (max. 5) ink, 2.19 (max. 6) in adhesive, 1.71 (max. 6) in degreaser, when gasoline was excluded. Toluene, xylene, methylalcohol, isopropylalcohol, ethylacetate, methylethylketone, industrial gasoline were widely used in the above-mentioned products. Toluene was the most popular component in the solvent products, excluding degreasers. Many kinds of solvent components were used in thinner and paint. However, toluene, xylene and industrial gasoline were their main components and contents per sample were very high. Acetates, alcohols, ketones and glycols were frequently detected in solvent products, but their contents per sample were relatively low, because these solvent components were usually used as subordinate solvents. The chlorinated hydrocarbons such as trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene and 1,1,1-trichloroethane, and industrial gasoline were the most popular components in degreasers. 1,4-dioxane was detected in a relatively large number of the samples, but its content per sample was very low, because it is usually used as an additive to 1,1,1-trichloroethane. Toluene was the most popular component in ink solvents, too. In addition, isopropylacohol, methylalcohol, methylethylketone were frequently detected in inks. Toluene was also the most popular component in adhesives, and n-hexane was also frequently detected in them. In order to prevent poisoning by industrial solvents, special attention should be paid to toluene and xylene, which are frequently and largely used for wide purposes, trichloroethylene which is largely used as a degreaser and has a severe toxicity, n-hexane which is frequently used in adhesives and has a high volatility and severe neurotoxicity, and other popular and toxic solvents. The severely toxic solvents such as benzene, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, 1,2-dichloroethane, 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane and carbon disulfide were detected in few samples.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adhesives↗
PubMed1984

Serological analysis of ureaplasmas isolated from various animals.

Ureaplasmas from various animal species were serologically characterized by the growth inhibition test as well as by the metabolism inhibition test. The animals positive for ureaplasmas included 9 common squirrel monkeys, 9 green monkeys, 164 cynomolgus monkeys, 58 chimpanzees, 73 goats, 11 sheep, 102 dogs, 116 cats, 64 cattle, 290 chickens, 3 red jungle fowls and 5 Japanese bantams. Simian ureaplasmas were divided into four serogroups in accordance with the zoological classification of the primates' families. Caprine ureaplasmas were all similar antigenically, and ovine ureaplasmas cross-reacted with the caprine ones, except for one strain. Canine, feline and bovine ureaplasmas were divided into groups of four, two and three, respectively. Avian ureaplasmas contained only one serogroup. All these ureaplasma serogroups were remarkably unrelated antigenically to each other, as shown by the growth inhibition test. Ureaplasmas could not be isolated from rhesus monkeys, Japanese monkeys, orangutans, gorillas, mice, rats, mongolian gerbils, hamsters, guinea pigs, rabbits, opossums, pigs, quails and turkeys.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[On the anatomical measurements of the posterior fossa using dry skulls--from neurosurgical standpoint].

For the purpose of studying anatomy of the posterior fossa from neurosurgical standpoint, detailed observation and measurements were performed on dry skulls. In addition, literatures were reviewed concerning size and shape of the tentorial incisura, as well as anatomical locations of dural penetration of the cranial nerves, three to twelve, and numbers of their rootlets. As a cardinal landmark for posterior fossa craniotomy, junction of the transverse and the sigmoid sinuses was chosen. This corresponds to the crossing point of the following two lines: A) parieto-mastoid suture B) a line drawn from the mastoid tip perpendicular to a line connecting the mastoid tip and the inferior orbital ridge. The point also corresponds to the lateral extremity of the ridge of the petrous pyramid. Average length of the ridge of the petrous pyramid: 49.5 +/- 2.9 mm. Average distance from the lateral extremity of the ridge of the pyramis and the posterior margin of the internal acoustic meatus: 27.5 +/- 2.6 mm. Average distance from the lateral extremity of the ridge of the pyramis and that of the posterior clinoid process: 52.4 +/- 3.1 mm. Average distance from the anterior margin of the internal acoustic meatus to the lateral edge of the posterior clinoid process: 24.6 +/- 2.0 mm. Average distance from the posterior margin of the internal acoustic meatus to the posterior end of the semicircular canal: 13.1 +/- 1.9 mm. Average distance from the internal acoustic meatus to the facial canal (through which, tympanic segment of the facial nerve runs): 11.5 +/- 1.5 mm.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Cephalometry↗