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Biomedical subjects

M Oda

Publications and source records attributed to M Oda.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

[Pulmonary metastasis from renal cell carcinoma diagnosed by using thoracoscopic biopsy: a case report].

A 70-year-old woman underwent radical nephrectomy for right renal cell carcinoma and received prophylactic interferon-alpha (rHuIFN-alpha) administration for one year. Followup computerized tomography scan showed a small nodule in the right lung 39 months postoperatively. Pulmonary nodules had become multiple and increased in size (6 mm) at 53 months. To examine the pulmonary lesions, histopathologically thoracoscopic biopsy of the right pulmonary nodule was performed and the diagnosis of metastatic renal cell carcinoma was confirmed. Because of its minimal invasiveness, thoracoscopic biopsy may be indicated in selected cases.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Interleukin-1 beta and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist levels in cerebrospinal fluid of aseptic meningitis patients.

The inflammatory process in aseptic meningitis is generally mild and self-limited. To evaluate control mechanisms underlying this process, we determined interleukin (IL)-1 beta and IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) concentrations, using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, in cerebrospinal fluid from patients with aseptic meningitis (n = 55, median age [range]; 5.0 [1-15] years). We cross-sectionally analyzed the relationship of IL-1 beta and IL-1ra levels to leucocyte count in terms of interval between clinical onset and lumbar puncture. IL-1 beta levels were highest in the cerebrospinal fluid obtained between 12 and 24 hours after onset (n = 23, median: 2.30 pg/ml). The IL-1 beta level was significantly correlated with leucocyte count. On the other hand, IL-1ra level tended to increase over a longer interval, reaching a plateau between 24 and 36 hours after onset (n = 13, median: 5190 pg/ml). The molar ratio of IL-1ra to IL-1 beta was thus lowest between 12 and 24 hours after onset (median: 2341), which coincided with the peak increase in leucocyte count. The results are compatible with the idea that IL-1ra should be important for the regulation of IL-1 beta activity associated with leucocyte migration in aseptic meningitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Results of resection of T3N0-2M0 non-small cell lung cancer according to involved organ and nodal status].

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the results of surgical treatment of T3N0-2M0 non-small cell lung cancer according to involved organ and nodal status. Between 1973 and July 1997, 157 patients with T3 non-small cell lung cancer were surgically treated in our department. Five-year survival was 23% for all cases, 35% for patients with curative resection, and 0% for patients with non-curative resection (p < 0.001). Five-year survival rate of patients with T3N0, T3N1, and T3N2 was 37%, 39%, and 3%, respectively (T3N0 vs T3N2, T3N1 vs T3N2, p < 0.01). According to the depth of chest wall involvement of T3N0 tumor, 5-year survival rate was 50% in the patients with the involvement of parietal pleura, 39% in the patients with the involvement of intercostal muscle, and 15% in the patients with the involvement of rib or more (parietal pleura vs rib or more, p < 0.05). In T3N0 patients with the involvement of only parietal pleura, the 5-year survival rate of parietal pleurectomy and en bloc chest wall resection was 43% and 46%, respectively (N.S.). Five-year survival rate of T3N1 patients with invasion in main stem bronchus was 46% and 3 of 5 patients of T3N0-1 tumor with pericardial invasion survived more than 5 years. From these results, T3N0 tumor involving chest wall without rib invasion, and T3N0-1 tumor involving main bronchus and pericardium are expected good survival. However, the prognosis of the patients with coexistent N2 disease or with incomplete resection remains poor in regardless with the type of involved organ. To correctly evaluate the surgical results of other types of T3 tumor, it is required to collect more cases or to perform multicenteric study.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Myopathology of the intrinsic laryngeal muscles in neurodegenerative diseases, with reference to the mechanism of vocal cord paralysis].

To investigate the mechanism of the vocal cord abductor paralysis (VCAP) in the neurodegenerative diseases, the intrinsic laryngeal muscles (the crycothyroid, the interarytenoid, and the posterior crycoarytenoid muscles) from 41 autopsied cases were histologically examined: 10 cases of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), 10 of Parkinson's disease (PD), 9 of multiple system atrophy (MSA), 4 of Machado-Joseph disease (MJD), 4 of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), 1 of familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy (FAP), and 3 of cerebrovascular diseases as a control. According to the distribution of the neurogenic changes among above-described three intrinsic laryngeal muscles, three forms were raised: 1. The totally paralytic form showing that all the three muscles developed neurogenic atrophy. This form includes ALS, MJD, and FAP. 2. The posterior muscle-paralytic form showing that only the posterior crycoarytenoid muscle was selectively involved. This form includes MSA. 3. The nonparalytic form showing no morphological abnormalities in any of the intrinsic laryngeal muscles. This type includes PD and PSP. In this nonparalytic form, supranuclear mechanism such as pyramidal or extrapyramidal tract involvement may cause VCAP through the increased laryngeal muscles tone. Considering that VCAP can be seen in any of the above-described forms, our results indicate that the mechanism of VCAP is different among the neurological disorders.

Atrophy↗
PubMed1997

Tau immunoreactivity in glial cytoplasmic inclusions in multiple system atrophy.

In order to clarify the manner and significance of tau expression in glial cytoplasmic inclusions (GCIs), ubiquitinated oligodendroglial abnormal structures in multiple system atrophy (MSA), an immunohistochemical study was carried out in the lesions of the pontine nuclei of 10 cases of MSA using antibodies against various epitope locations of tau protein. As a result, tau-2 was constantly but weakly positive in ubiquitinated GCIs in each case (from 28.6 to 66.7%). However, tau-2-immunoreactivity in GCIs was not correlated to the density of ubiquitin-positive GCIs or preserved pontine neurons. Antibodies against tau proteins of N-terminal or C-terminal failed to label GCIs, although a few number of GCIs were occasionally positive for tau-1 after dephosphorylation. In comparison with the knowledge on tau-immunoreactivity of coiled bodies (CBs) in oligodendroglia in progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) or corticobasal degeneration, GCIs are quite different from CBs which have a wide range of epitope location of tau proteins, including N-terminal and C-terminal. This study suggests that expression of tau proteins in GCIs is not related to the essential neurodegenerative process in MSA but induced by non-specific stress in oligodendroglia, unlike CB in various 'tau diseases' such as PSP.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Morphologic difference of neuropil threads in Alzheimer's disease, corticobasal degeneration and progressive supranuclear palsy: a morphometric study.

Using Gallyas-Braak's silver stain, neuropil threads (NTs) in Alzheimer's disease (AD), corticobasal degeneration (CBD) and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) were analyzed morphologically and morphometrically. The NT density was highest in the cerebral cortical layer V in AD and CBD, and in the subcortical white matter in PSP. An overlaid, two-dimensional, camera lucida drawing revealed differences in the fine profile of NTs among these three disease groups. The differences were confirmed by computerized feature analysis which revealed differences in maximum length, breadth, Feret's angle and orientation of the NTs. Unlike a previous assumption that all NTs have a similar appearance, our study revealed that NTs in AD, CBD and PSP were distinctively different with respect to their morphology.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Investigation of the pyrimidine preference by the c-Myb DNA-binding domain at the initial base of the consensus sequence.

The principal determinant of the pyrimidine preference by the c-Myb DNA-binding domain at the initial base of the consensus sequence was investigated by mutation of both the protein and the DNA base pairs, with analysis by a filter binding assay. Amino acid residue 187 was revealed to interact with the pyrimidine base position, as estimated from our previous complex structure. Unexpectedly, since the pyrimidine preference is retained even in the Gly187 mutant, the principal origin of the base specificity should not occur via the direct-readout mechanism, but by an indirect-readout mechanism, namely in the intrinsic "bendability" of the pyrimidine-purine step of the DNA duplex. A significant but rather small positive base pair roll is detectable in the conformation of DNA in complex with the c-Myb DNA-binding domain. Following the conventional chemical rules of the direct-readout mechanism, amino acid mutagenesis at position 187 yielded several new base preferences for the protein.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1997

Neuronal inclusions in the dentate fascia in patients with multiple system atrophy.

Ubiquitin-immunoreactive neuronal inclusions in the granular cells in the dentate fascia (UNIDs) of patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA) were examined for immunohistochemical and ultrastructural characterization especially in comparison with those which were recently reported for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with dementia (ALS-D). Eight of 23 MSA patients had UNIDs which were also identified by Gallyas-Braak impregnation but immunonegative for other antibodies including against tau, neurofilaments, and alphaB crystallin. Ultrastructurally, loosely aggregated fibrils without limiting membrane located around the nucleus, which was confirmed by the results of ubiquitin-immunoelectron microscopy. The formation of UNIDs in MSA and ALS-D was suggested to be caused by different types of degeneration because UNIDs in MSA differ from these in ALS-D in terms of their stainability by Gallyas-Braak impregnation and ultrastructurally. In this study hippocampal involvement in MSA differing from ALS-D was clarified.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Long tract degeneration in familial sudanophilic leukodystrophy with prominent spheroids.

We describe a family with an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder, three siblings of which were verified by autopsy as having sudanophilic leukodystrophy (SLD). The clinical picture of the family is one of progressive dementia and spastic paralysis. Pathological examinations detected diffuse and patchy white matter lesions and the widespread presence of axonal spheroids in the lesions of all three autopsy patients. Because change was found selectively in the pyramidal tracts and optic radiations, this disease is considered to affect the long tracts systematically. The SLD in the family we studied is distinguished from other leukodystrophies by its clinical and pathological features, indicative that it may be a special type of SLD.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Suppressive effects of human herpesvirus 6 on in vitro colony formation of hematopoietic progenitor cells.

Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) has been reported to be involved in bone marrow failure after bone marrow transplantation (BMT). To elucidate the role of HHV-6 in the marrow failure, we examined the comparative effect of two variants of HHV-6 (HHV-6A and HHV-6B) and human herpesvirus 7 (HHV-7) on in vitro colony formation of hematopoietic progenitor cells in methylcellulose semi-solid media. Progenitor cells prepared from cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMNCs) were infected with one of these viruses at various multiplicity of infection (MOI), and were subjected to methylcellulose colony assay. Formation of both granulocyte/macrophage (CFU-GM) and erythroid (BFU-E) colonies was MOI-dependently suppressed after infection with the Z29 strain of HHV-6B. Although HHV-6A suppressed the formation of BFU-E colonies as efficiently as HHV-6B, the former did not exhibit significant suppressive effect on the formation of CFU-GM colonies at an MOI 1. HHV-7 had no effect on hematopoietic colony formation at all. Based on frequent positivity of viral DNA in single colonies obtained from HHV-6-infected progenitor cells by polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization, direct effects of HHV-6 on the hematopoietic progenitor cells are suggested as the cause of the suppression rather than indirect effects via accessory cells of the bone marrow.

Bone Marrow Diseases↗
PubMed1997

Treatment of bronchial stricture due to endobronchial tuberculosis.

Between 1974 and 1995 we encountered 19 cases of bronchial stricture or obliteration caused by endobronchial tuberculous lesions. In 11 the involvements were located at the right bronchus (including involvements of segmental and middle lobe bronchi) and in 8 at the left bronchus. On bronchoscopic biopsy of the stenosed bronchus, 7 patients showed histopathologic findings of tuberculous bronchitis, but 12 patients showed nonspecific inflammatory granular tissue. Five patients were kept under conservative observation because of mild subjective symptoms or refusal to undergo operation. Two patients underwent stent procedures but had poor outcomes. Twelve patients underwent operation. As the bronchial lesions in four of them were confined to the lobar or segmental bronchus, lobectomy was performed. One patient with a history of infantile tuberculosis had developed complete obliteration of the left main bronchus and cystic bronchiectasis in the entire lung parenchyma; pneumonectomy was essential. Seven patients who had strictures involving the main bronchus underwent bronchoplastic surgery with right (n = 4) or left (n = 3) upper sleeve lobectomy. None of the patients treated surgically showed any postoperative complication or recurrence of the tuberculosis. These surgical results for endobronchial tuberculosis indicate the need for early detection and operation. Bronchoscopy and computed tomography are the methods of choice for accurate diagnosis of bronchial involvement and assessment of the surgical indications. It is emphasized that bronchoplastic surgery is the best treatment for bronchial stricture involving bilateral main bronchi.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Surgical treatment of epilepsy from schizencephaly with fused lips.

BACKGROUND: Surgical treatment of schizencephaly with fused lips has been reported in few cases. In all of the previously reported cases, temporal lobectomy was selected as a major surgical treatment, except for one case with cortical resection. We present a case of direct resection of dysplastic walls of the schizencephalic cleft and the surrounding epileptic area. CASE: This 20-year-old college student with medication-resistant epilepsy was surgically treated by subpial cortical resection of the epileptogenic area around a schizencephalic cleft. Magnetic resonance imaging showed an unilateral schizencephalic cleft with fused lips in the right parietal lobe. Pathologic examination demonstrated dysplastic neurons in the epileptogenic cortex. Intraoperative electrocorticography clearly detected epileptiform discharges around the cleft, and the epileptogenic lesion was completely resected. He has been seizure-free for 1 year since the operation and he has no neurologic deficits. CONCLUSION: Subpial resection of the dysplastic cortex surrounding the cleft under the guide of electrocorticography is an effective and minimally invasive procedure for the treatment of schizencephaly.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Ag(I)-N bond-containing compound showing wide spectra in effective antimicrobial activities: polymeric silver(I) imidazolate.

A neutral, Ag(I)-N bonding compound, polymeric silver(I)-imidazolate [Ag(imd)]n (1) consisting of Ag+: imd = 1:1 (Himd = imidazole, C3H4N2), showed wide spectra in effective antimicrobial activities against bacteria, yeast and mold. Of particular note are the activities against a wide range of mold. This polymeric solid does not crystallize and is sparingly soluble in all solvents. The monomeric, cationic, water-soluble Ag(I)-N bonding complex, [Ag(Himd)2](NO3) (2), has also shown wide spectra of effective antimicrobial activities. These activities observed here were significantly different from those of the recently prepared oligomeric Ag(I)-S bonding complexes; the latter have shown narrow spectra. It is proposed that the Ag(I)-N bonding is one of the key factors showing the wide spectra of antimicrobial activities and the potential targets for inhibition of bacteria and yeast by these Ag(I) complexes are proteins, but not nucleic acids. The physico-chemical properties of (1), in comparison with those of (2), with various measurements (FT-IR, Laser Raman scattering spectroscopy, ESCA and solid 13C CP-MAS NMR spectroscopies) are described.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1997

The mechanism of action of KBT-3022, a new antiplatelet agent.

1. The mechanism of action of a new antiplatelet agent, KBT-3022 (ethyl 2-[4,5-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)thiazol-2-yl]pyrrol-1-ylacetate) and its active main metabolite, desethyl KBT-3022, was investigated. 2. KBT-3022 and desethyl KBT-3022 inhibited cyclooxygenase from ovine seminal gland with IC50 values of 0.69 and 0.43 microM, respectively. 3. At concentrations higher than those required for cyclooxygenase inhibition, desethyl KBT-3022 inhibited cAMP-phosphodiesterase, specific binding of U46619, and release of phosphatidic acid from thrombin-stimulated platelets. 4. Oral administration of KBT-3022 inhibited the production of thromboxane B2 during blood coagulation more potently than the production of 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha from aortic strips in guinea pigs. 5. These findings suggest that KBT-3022 may inhibit platelet activation principally via the inhibition of cyclooxygenase by desethyl KBT-3022.

15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5↗
PubMed1997

Vascular endothelial growth factor and lymph node metastasis in primary lung cancer.

The relationship between vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and lymph node metastasis was studied in 90 cases of primary lung cancer without distant metastasis. As a result of quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis, the VEGF121 mRNA expression levels in lung cancer tissues with nodal metastasis (n = 35) were higher than in those without nodal metastasis (n = 55). However, no significant difference could be found in VEGF121 mRNA expression levels as stratified by tumour size (T1N0M0 vs T2N0M0). Simultaneously, ten lymph nodes (four node positive and six node negative) together with the corresponding primary lung tumours and adjacent normal lung tissue, were studied for VEGF expression. The VEGF mRNA expression in metastatic lymph nodes was intense in three out of the four cases examined. Further, while VEGF expression levels in metastatic lymph nodes were conspicuously higher than those for the primary site, all its expression levels in non-metastatic nodes were inferior to those of the primary tumours. Except for macrophages, the VEGF antigen was identified mainly in the cytoplasm of metastatic cancer cells and the endothelial cells of blood or lymphatic vessels in lymph nodes. Although the detailed mechanisms and the significance of strong VEGF expressions in metastatic lymph nodes are still unknown, these data are consistent with a model whereby VEGF increases the opportunity for nodal metastasis through neoblood and lymphatic vessels.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Inhibition of lymph node metastasis by an anti-angiogenic agent, TNP-470.

We assessed the inhibitory action of TNP-470 on lymph node metastasis in a metastatic model system using athymic nude mice. Mice were injected subcutaneously with 5 x 10(6) HT-1080 cells in the right groin. TNP-470 (10, 30 and 100 mg kg-1) was injected subcutaneously nine times in total every other day from the 7th day after tumour inoculation. Axillar and inguinal lymph nodes were dissected, and DNA was extracted 5 weeks after tumour inoculation. Specific detection of a human beta-globin-related sequence in metastasized human tumour cells in nude mice was done by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique and analysed by Southern blotting. Anti-tumour effects on primary sites were seen only in the 100 mg kg-1 treatment group. Lymph node metastasis of transplanted HT-1080 cells was seen in all mice of the no treatment group (5/5). On the other hand, incidences of lymph node metastasis in treated mice were 2/4 mice (100 mg kg-1, 2/5 mice (30 mg kg-1) and 4/5 mice (10 mg kg-1). The inhibition ratios of lymph node metastasis were 82.3% at 10 mg kg-1, 97.2% at 30 mg kg-1 and 97.5% at 100 mg kg-1 respectively. This agent may be useful to inhibit lymph node metastasis.

Animals↗