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Biomedical subjects

M Nussbaum

Publications and source records attributed to M Nussbaum.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Abnormal erythroid maturation in mice induced by isoniazid.

Defective arythropoiesis characterizes the sideroblastic anemias. The present studies were undertaken to assess the effects of isoniazid, an inhibitor of heme synthesis, on erythropoietin-induced erythroid maturation in hypertransfused mice. Isoniazid was administered at intervals during a wave of induced erythropoiesis, and the effects were assessed in both the bone marrow and peripheral blood. The data showed that isoniazid interfered with heme synthesis and erythroid maturation. The most inhibitory effect of isoniazid was noted at the intermediate normoblast stage. A transient increase in the reticulocyte nonheme iron pool was also found.

Anemia, Sideroblastic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Thyroid carcinoma presenting as a regional neck mass.

During 1978-1988, we treated 197 patients with thyroid carcinoma. Twenty-seven patients (14.0%) presented with a regional cervical mass and a clinically normal thyroid gland on initial evaluation. Excisional biopsy proved the diagnosis of metastatic thyroid carcinoma in every patient. Subsequent thyroid scans were 42% sensitive. Only 3 patients underwent fine-needle aspirations; none showed evidence of malignant cells. Review of surgical specimens showed total involvement of the gland in 13 of 17 cases, with extracapsular spread of tumor in 3 patients. Multicentric disease was present in all but 2 neck specimens. Patient follow-up from 1 month to 10 years revealed an 11.5% recurrence rate. The results in this group of patients is compared to the larger group of thyroid carcinoma patients, where three recurrences were found in 170 patients presenting with a clinically palpable mass in the thyroid gland. Analysis of our population comparing the subgroup with the larger series of thyroid carcinoma patients suggests that thyroid carcinoma presenting as a regional neck mass is a more aggressive disease.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Chemotherapy rapidly alternating with accelerated radiotherapy for advanced carcinomas of the hypopharynx and upper esophagus: a feasibility study.

Patients with advanced carcinomas of the hypopharynx or upper esophagus have among the worst prognoses in head and neck oncology. We developed a treatment regimen of rapidly alternating multi-agent chemotherapy and accelerated interrupted radiotherapy as follows: Three cycles of chemotherapy were delivered [day 1, cisplatin 100 mg/m2; days 1-4, 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) 900 mg/m2] and repeated every 3 weeks. On day 8 of each chemotherapy cycle radiotherapy was started, consisting of 10 fractions of 200 cGy delivered twice daily, for 5 days. The total dose of radiotherapy was 6,000 cGy over 7 weeks, and the total duration of chemotherapy and radiotherapy was 8 weeks. Nineteen patients with locally advanced, epidermoid carcinoma of the hypopharynx (9 patients) or upper esophagus (10 patients) were treated on this protocol. Minimum follow-up was 1 year. Twelve patients had tumors judged technically unresectable, whereas 7 had tumors considered resectable only with total laryngectomy, which was unacceptable to the patients. One patient died of nadir sepsis during treatment, but otherwise the acute toxicity was relatively mild (grade I/II in 16 patients, grade III/IV in 3 patients). The complete response rate was 83% (15 of 18 patients), and the partial response rate was 17% (3 of 18). No patient failed to respond. The survival rate was 80% at 1 year and 73% at 18 months. At 1 year, 89% of the patients remained in remission and at 18 months, 74% Late complications occurred in 4 patients. These included laryngeal necrosis, pneumonitis, esophageal stricture, and tracheoesophageal fistula.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Occipital arteriovenous fistulae.

Occipital arteriovenous fistulae may be congenital or traumatic. The distinguishing characteristics of each and diagnosis by dynamic computed tomographic (CT) scanning, obviating the need for angiography, is outlined and illustrated by a case report. The indications for surgery and operative approach are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Development of pulmonary edema related to heparin administration.

Bleeding, thrombocytopenia, and osteopenia are recognized as the side effects of heparin administration. We recently noted occurrence of pulmonary edema in a patient with myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia being treated with heparin for pulmonary embolism. The hypertensive episodes preceding left ventricular failure were considered related to serotonin released from the immunologically mediated lowering of platelets.

Female↗