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Biomedical subjects

M Nussbaum

Publications and source records attributed to M Nussbaum.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Short stature in anorexia nervosa patients.

In the treatment of many anorexia nervosa (AN) patients, we observed clinically that these girls were short in stature. In order to test this hypothesis, we reviewed the height records of all patients seen with a previous diagnosis of AN in an eight-year period. Of 104 patients, 85 were suitable for study and were compared to a control group of 85 age-matched subjects. Seventy-six percent of the AN patients (mean age 15.8 years) were below the 50th height percentile for age; 14.1% were below the 5th percentile; and 25.8% were between the 25th and 49th percentile. Parental height was available for 35 subjects. The AN patients were significantly shorter than their parents, and comparison suggests an impairment of growth rather than a familial etiology. As 80% of subjects developed AN after menarche, malnutrition does not appear to be responsible for the observed height deficits.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

The role of supraomohyoid neck dissection at the time of supraglottic laryngectomy.

Uncontrolled cervical metastasis is the most common source of failure in the surgical treatment of supraglottic carcinoma. This study was designed to determine the value of supraomohyoid neck dissection in patients undergoing supraglottic laryngectomy. The rationale for considering the role of supraomohyoid neck dissection is that such a dissection encompasses the subdigastric and midjugular nodes which are the first echelon of lymphatic drainage of the supraglottic larynx. Thirty-eight patients with a diagnosis of epidermoid carcinoma of the supraglottis were treated by subtotal supraglottic laryngectomy (SSL). Ten patients underwent SSL with no neck dissection, 16 patients underwent SSL with supraomohyoid neck dissection (SOHD)--9 unilateral and 7 bilateral, and 12 patients underwent SSL with radical neck dissection (RND). The 3 groups had comparable T classifications. All of the SSL and SSL with SOHD patients were classified as N0. Of the 12 patients treated with SSL and RND, 4 were classified as N0, 4 as N1, 3 as N2, and 1 as N3. The patients were studied to determine the incidence and pattern of subsequent neck disease, survival, complications, and length of hospitalization. The data indicates that supraomohyoid neck dissection offers little benefit as an adjunct to supraglottic laryngectomy.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1983

In vivo metabolism of 3,2'-dimethyl-4-aminobiphenyl (DMAB) bearing on its organotropism in the Syrian golden hamster and the F344 rat.

The in vivo metabolism of tritiated DMAB was examined in male Syrian golden hamsters, which are susceptible to both urinary bladder and intestinal carcinogenesis by this agent and in male F344 rats in which intestinal tumors represent the main lesions. Evidence was obtained for the presence of the N-hydroxy-N-glucuronide of DMAB as a major metabolite in hamster urine and bile and in rat bile but not urine. The routes of excretion of this metabolite, which may represent a transport form of the ultimate carcinogen, correlate well with the main tumor sites in the two species. Other metabolites partially identified were the sulfates and glucuronides of C-hydroxylated DMAB and C-hydroxylated-N-acetyl DMAB.

Aminobiphenyl Compounds↗
PubMed1982

A rapid quantitation of platelet-associated IgG by nephelometry.

Platelet-associated IgG (PAIgG) was measured by a simple rapid nephelometric technique using washed solubilized platelets and commercially available, prestandardized reagents. Normal subjects with normal platelet counts had PAIgG levels of 2.1-6.7 fg/platelet. Subjects with idiopathic immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) had levels of 7.2-43.3 fg/platelet. Ninety percent of ITP patients had values exceeding 2 SD units of the mean of normal subjects. Elevated values were also found in 17% of patients with recovered ITP, patients with SLE with and without thrombocytopenia, patients with thrombocytopenia occurring during septicemia, and patients with IGg myeloma. Results can be obtained within several hours of receipt of blood specimen, and are similar to the reports that used more complex techniques.

Blood Platelets↗
PubMed1982

Calcifications of cerebral medullary veins associated with carotid-jugular fistula.

Unusual calcification of the cerebral medullary veins is noted in a 34-year-old mentally retarded female who had a right carotid-jugular anastomosis 30 years earlier. The patient was hospitalized because of a right neck mass, proptosis, and the recent onset of left flaccid hemiplegia. Arch aortography and CT of the head and neck were performed. Surgery to oblate the fistula provided dramatic relief of venous engorgement in the orbits and face. The finding of medullary vein calcification is emphasized because it is a hitherto unreported entity.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Primary smooth muscle tumors of venous origin.

Vein tumors are rare, difficult to diagnose, and usually malignant. We have encountered three: a leiomyoma of the jugular vein and leiomyosarcomas of the saphenous vein and inferior vena cava (IVC). The leiomyoma was lost to follow-up, the saphenous vein leiomyosarcoma survived nine years, and the leiomyosarcoma of the IVC is six months without recurrence. Half of venous leiomyosarcomas arise in the IVC, predominately in women over 50 years of age. Surgical excision is the treatment of choice since malignant or benign status cannot be determined operatively. Resection should include a segment of the original vessel. This poses problems in the IVC when the renal veins require sacrifice. Right renal vein interruption mandates nephrectomy. Edema following IVC resection is evaluated. The incidence is lower than anticipated when resection is for tumor if there is no history of phlebitis. The IVC was reconstructed with a composite autograft but this is not now recommended. Despite significant local recurrences or distal metastases, cure or long-term palliation can often be achieved. Radiation and chemotherapy do not improve survival or prevent recurrence.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Anaplastic carcinoma arising from median ectopic thyroid (thyroglossal duct remnant).

The first case of anaplastic carcinoma arising in median ectopic thyroid (thyroglossal duct remnants) in an 84-year-old woman is presented. This expands the spectrum of histologic types of thyroid malignancies reported in this location and supports the theory that these carcinomas arise from thyroid rests associated with thyroglossal ducts. The presence of a histologically benign follicular neoplasm adjacent to the carcinoma suggests the possibility that the anaplastic carcinoma resulted from the transformation of an underlying well-differentiated tumor. Some unusual features of this case are discussed as well as the criteria for establishing the diagnosis of carcinoma arising in a thyroglossal duct remnant.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1981

Adult cystic hygroma.

Five adults with cystic hygromas underwent excisional surgery. The preoperative diagnosis is rarely made in adults; branchial cleft cyst is the most common preoperative impression. The histologic differentiation between these two lesions is described. Our experience indicates that surgery of cystic hygromas in the adult is not associated with the technical problems encountered in infants and children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Gallbladder disease in children and adolescents.

A 20-year experience with gallbladder disease in 85 children and adolescents was reviewed. Sixty-five patients had idiopathic cholelithiasis and cholecystitis (group I); 20 patients had cholelithiasis and cholecystitis secondary to a predisposing disease or other pathologic diagnoses (group II). For group I patients, 100% were greater than age 12, 92.3% were female, 60% were overweight, 20% had a positive family history, and 27.7% had had a previous pregnancy. For group II patients, 60% were less than age 13, 45% were female, 15% were overweight, 5% had a positive family history, and none had previously been pregnant. Symptomatology in group I, but not group II, patients matched that seen in adults. Group I, but not group II, patients experienced delays in diagnosis. These data indicate that children and adolescents with gallbladder disease constitute two distinct populations and that idiopathic cholelithiasis and cholecystitis must be considered as a potential cause of chronic abdominal pain in otherwise healthy adolescents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Long-term follow-up of obesity in adolescents.

Fifty adolescents, 12-17 years of age, were treated for obesity from 1967 to 1972. They were contacted in 1977 to obtain follow-up data. Each subject had been treated in a program of dietary counseling and behavior modification. Mean weight on follow-up was 18.1 lb (8.2 kg) lower than mean initial weight (P less than 0.05). The mean decrease over desired weight was 29.5%. Twenty-two patients reported a weight loss of greater than 20 lb (P greater than 0.001). (9.1 kg) and 15 patients reported a weight loss of 0-20 lb (9.1 kg). Thirty-eight percent of the patient were no longer obese (greater than 20% over ideal body weight) and an additional 22% were no longer overweight (10-20% over ideal body weight). These results suggest that a dietary and behavior modification program offered to adolescents may show beneficial results in young adulthood.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Quantitation of platelet-associated IgG by radial immunodiffusion.

Platelet-associated IgG (PAIgG) was measured by a simple radial immunodiffusion technique using washed solubilized platelets and commercially available immunoplates. Subjects with normal platelet counts had PAIgG levels of 1.5--7.0 fg/platelet. Subjects with idiopathic immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) had levels ranging from 5.7 to 70.5 fg/platelet. All patients with recurrent ITP and 85% of patients with acute ITP had elevated PAIgg. Elevated PAIgG was also found in 17% of patients with recovered ITP, 40% of patients with SLE and thrombocytopenia, 57% of patients with thrombocytopenia occurring during the course of septicemia, and 100% of patients with IgG myeloma in whom the serum IgG level was clearly elevated, regardless of the platelet count. The results are similar to reports that used more complex techniques.

Blood Platelets↗
PubMed1980

Mechanism of arsenic-induced inhibition of erythropoiesis in mice.

Anemia accompanies arsenic intoxication in man. The present studies were undertaken to clarify further the effects of arsenic on erythropoiesis. A dose-related inhibition of red cell 59 Fe incorporation and reticulocyte response was observed in normal mice treated with a single injection of arsenic. Arsenite was approximately two times as inhibitory as arsenate. The effects of arsenic on erythropoietin-induced erythroid differentation revealed a significant inhibitory effect on young, proliferating marrow nucleated erythroid precursor cells. More mature, nonproliferating nucleated erythr oid cells were resistant to the toxic action of arsenic. A dose-related inhibitory effect of arsenic on DNA synthesis was observed in fetal liver nucleated erythroid cells incubated with 3 H thymidine. Ineffective erythropoiesis as well as the megaloblastic morphology accompanying aberrant DNA synthesis -- manifestations of arsenic toxicity in man -- were not evident in the present studies.

Animals↗