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Biomedical subjects

M Nitzan

Publications and source records attributed to M Nitzan.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Occult ocular damage as a leading sign in the battered child syndrome.

A three-month old, premature female infant is presented with severe bilateral occult ocular damage comprised of cataracts, lenses dislocation, retinal hemorrhages and total funnel-shaped retinal detachment without external signs such as bruises. This severe eye trauma is the result of child abuse. We would like to alert pediatricians as well as ophthalmologists that any ocular injury should raise the possible diagnosis of battered child syndrome even in the absence of other supportive evidence of external trauma.

Battered Child Syndrome↗
PubMed1989

[Vestibular dysfunction and deafness complicating mumps parotitis].

A 9-year-old boy developed severe positional vertigo, unsteadiness, vomiting and nystagmus during active mumps parotitis. Audiometric examination showed complete right sensorineural hearing loss. Brain stem evoked response to audiometric stimulation of the left ear was normal, but was absent on stimulation of the right ear. CT scan of the brain was normal. While vestibular symptoms gradually improved during 1 week, the deafness on the right was permanent. Acute vestibulitis during mumps is very rare, but permanent unilateral deafness might be a much more common, severe, persistent complication than is generally believed. Such cases call for an urgent change in Israel's vaccination policy so that vaccination against mumps is included.

Audiometry↗
PubMed1989

Recurrent ascites in an infant with perinatally acquired cytomegalovirus infection.

We describe an infant with symptomatic perinatally-acquired cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection manifested by fever, anaemia, thrombocytopenia and hepatosplenomegaly. This infant developed recurrent episodes of severe ascites during which the virus was isolated from his urine. This rare hepatic manifestation of neonatal CMV infection has, to the best of our knowledge, only been reported twice in aborted fetuses with intrauterine systemic CMV infection.

Ascites↗
PubMed1989

Nutritional complications in an infant fed exclusively on homemade sesame seed emulsion.

A 3-month-old infant was exclusively fed a high calorie homemade sesame seed emulsion for 4 weeks. As a result of the milk content, the infant developed hypermagnesemia, hypokalemia, hyponatremia, and hypovitaminosis C. Although the mixture was highly caloric and the infant's intake was good, he showed profound failure to thrive. Analysis of the emulsion indicated that this complication was primarily due to the heterogeneity of the emulsion's caloric content resulting from a settling process which occurred after the emulsion was placed in the infant's bottle. This settling resulted in the portion containing the most calories being the last to reach the infant's mouth. These findings indicate that whenever a vegetarian diet is provided to a bottle-fed infant, the potential heterogeneity of the mixture's caloric content, as well as the contents themselves, should be considered.

Emulsions↗
PubMed1989

Detection of breast cancer by measuring areolar blood flow--a pilot study.

Regional blood flow in the areola was measured by using the non-invasive transient thermal clearance method in normal breasts and in breasts involved with cancer. Areolar blood flow (ABF) in normal breasts was almost constant for women in the age range 20-60y, but decreased at higher ages. ABF in breasts involved with cancer was higher than that in the contralateral breast, and higher than the average normal ABF in the corresponding age group. The effect was more prominent in the left breast. The transient thermal clearance method provides a potential non-invasive means for detection of breast cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Failure of etretinate therapy in twins with severe congenital lamellar ichthyosis.

We cared for twin females with severe lamellar exfoliation of the newborn (collodion babies) and a family history of death of two brothers at age 3 months. The twins were given a controlled trial of etretinate (Ro 10-9359, Tigason) after not responding to other therapeutic modalities. One of the infants received 1 mg/kg body weight of the drug for 24 hours, while her identical twin sister did not have the medication. Monthly skin biopsies taken from both patients during nine months of therapy did not demonstrate any histologic difference under light microscopy. The clinical course in both infants was basically the same. Etretinate plasma level measurements proved that the drug was absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. We conclude that in the very severe forms of congenital lamellar ichthyosis, oral retinoids may fail to produce any beneficial effects.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1989

Hypertension in Israeli adolescents: prevalence according to weight, sex and parental origin.

We studied the prevalence of hypertension in 57,499 male and 35,803 female Israeli military recruits and its relation with sex, weight, and parents' ethnic origin. The overall prevalence of systolic hypertension (greater than 140 mmHg) was 1.75 per cent for males and 0.32 per cent for females. The prevalence of diastolic hypertension (greater than 90 mmHg) was 0.41 per cent for males and 0.06 per cent for females. For males, the prevalence of systolic and diastolic hypertension increased with weight, exponentially. Males of Ashkenazi origin had a significantly higher prevalence of hypertension (systolic 2.52 per cent, diastolic 0.55 per cent) compared with those of Sephardi origin (systolic 1.12 per cent, diastolic 0.3 per cent). The prevalence of adolescents with systolic or diastolic blood pressure greater than the mean +2SD of each weight group ranged between 1.5-2.3 per cent.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

CSF glucose levels in febrile infants.

Simultaneous blood and CSF glucose levels were investigated in 143 febrile children without cerebromeningeal illness, who were evaluated due to fever in the first 2 months of life or febrile convulsions. There was a significant decrease (P less than 0.001) in the mean CSF-blood glucose ratio from 0.67 +/- 0.13 in the first 2 weeks of life to 0.56 +/- 0.11, 0.57 +/- 0.8 and 0.58 +/- 0.11 at the ages 2-4, 5-6 and 6-8 weeks, respectively. The mean CSF and blood glucose levels did not change significantly in this period. After the 2nd month of life there was a significant rise P less than 0.01 in the mean CSF-blood glucose ratio to 0.72 +/- 0.11, the customary normal value in children. This was associated with a significant rise in CSF glucose levels as compared to the first 8 weeks as a whole. Our study suggests age-related changes in CSF blood-glucose ratios during the first weeks of life which are important when evaluating infants for the possibility of meningitis.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1988

Pathologic childhood aerophagy: an under-diagnosed entity.

Three children with pathologic childhood aerophagy are described. This entity is characterized by progressive abdominal distension during the day, non-distended abdomen in the morning, and visible air swallowing. The condition is usually self-limited, and treatment is symptomatic and by reassurance. Early recognition and diagnosis of this condition might help avoid unnecessary and expensive diagnostic investigations.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1988

The transient thermal clearance method for regional blood flow measurement--the influence of tissue heat conduction.

When heat is supplied to or retrieved from living tissue, the heat in or out is either conducted by means of the tissue or convected by blood. In order quantitatively to assess blood flow by thermal clearance the contributions of conduction and convection have to be separated, and various methods have been developed for this purpose. The various methods are reviewed and it is shown that the adequacy of each depends on the specific thermal clearance method used. The review concentrates on aspects of the role of thermal conduction in the non-invasive transient thermal clearance method. It is shown that by applying correct methodology, for regional blood flow of around 0.0025 ml blood per ml tissue per second the predominant contribution to the heat transfer is by convection. However, if the regional blood flow is much lower, the effect of heat conduction cannot be ignored.

Adult↗