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M Nishina

Publications and source records attributed to M Nishina.

49 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

1H- and 13C-NMR spectroscopic study of the metabolites in young adult Angiostrongylus cantonensis maintained in vitro.

1H- and 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy were used to study metabolites excreted by young adult Angiostrongylus cantonensis maintained aerobically in the presence of D-[13C6]glucose. End-products of glucose metabolism identified and quantitated by means of 1H-NMR were lactate, acetate and alanine, in the molar ratio of 1:0.13:0.05 for males and 1:0.07:0.04 for females. 13C-NMR analyses proved that all the three products originated from the glucose present in the medium.

Acetates↗
PubMed1987

1H- and 13C-NMR spectroscopic study of glucose metabolism in eggs of Angiostrongylus cantonensis during their development.

1H- and 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was used to study aerobic glucose metabolism in eggs of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in an NCTC-109 medium supplemented with fetal calf serum. Without any pretreatment of the spent medium, we were able to identify and quantitate, by NMR, the end-products of glucose metabolism in eggs after cultivation for 2, 4, and 8 days. We demonstrated that A. cantonensis eggs took up glucose rapidly; among the major end products were found lactic acid, acetic acid and alanine. The eggs are parasitic in a sense that the energy metabolism in them is dependent mainly upon the energy source present in outer medium.

Angiostrongylus↗
PubMed1986

Changes in left ventricular preload and contractility following severe burns in the dog.

To examine the effects of severe burns on preload and left ventricular (LV) contractility, we continuously measured LV pressures and dimensions in severely burned dogs throughout the early part of the postburn period. Hemodynamic parameters, including cardiac output (CO), mean aortic pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), LV pressures and their first derivatives (dP/dt), and the LV regional dimension, were measured and compared before and every 30 min after burns were produced (up to 360 min) in four groups: group A (n = 7), dogs with sham burns; group B (n = 5), dogs with nonresuscitated full-thickness burns involving 50% of the total body surface area; group C (n = 6), dogs with burns resuscitated with lactated Ringer's solution at 4 ml X kg X % burn/24 h; and group D (n = 6), dogs with burns resuscitated with 1.5% dextran in lactated Ringer's solution at 2 ml X kg X % burn/24 h. From these measurements, we obtained the LV end-diastolic segment length (EDL) as an index of preload and three indices of cardiac contractility, i.e., peak dP/dt, the percentage of shortening (% delta L), and mean Vcf. Our results showed that CO, MAP, and preload (i.e., EDL) decreased significantly more in the three burn groups (groups B, C, and D) than in the sham burn group, but that there were no significant differences in CO, MAP, and EDL among the three burn groups. The three indices of contractility also decreased significantly more in the three burn groups than in the sham burn group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Ten years follow up study of steroid therapy for congenital encephalomyopathy.

Two 10-year-old boys with mental retardation and myopathy which were present since birth are described. Both had elevated serum creatine phosphokinase (CK) and one of them had a positive family history. The clinical features were consistent with Fukuyama type congenital muscular dystrophy, but muscle biopsies suggested an inflammatory process. Adrenal cortical steroids were given and they were followed up until 10 years of age. Serum CK showed a significant response to the treatment, and mental retardation in case 1 and motor dysfunction in case 2 improved. It is postulated that an inflammatory process might be a causative factor in some patients with congenital muscular dystrophy.

Azathioprine↗
PubMed1986

[Approach to early diagnosis of acute mesenteric ischemia: evaluation in canine model].

The high mortality rate of patients with acute mesenteric ischemia may be mainly due to the difficulty of making an early diagnosis. Many clinical and experimental studies have been attempted to make an early diagnosis in the view of history, physical examination, laboratory data, X-rays and angiographies. This study was undertaken to estimate the diagnostic value of twenty one laboratory parameters and three clinical parameters measured after superior mesenteric artery occlusion (SMAO) in the mongrel dogs. Consequently, the valuable diagnostic indicators of SMAO that statistically had significant difference were serum CPK isoenzyme-BB, serum CPK isoenzyme-MB, serum inorganic phosphate, serum calcium and base excess of arterial blood gas analysis. In these indicators, serum CPK isoenzyme-BB, serum inorganic phosphate and serum calcium were especially valuable indicators of its early diagnosis, because they showed significant change in the early phase after SMAO. However, other indicators showed significant change within eighteen hours after SMAO. Therefore, if these indicators are able to be examined in a case of abdominal emergency, they are considered to play a valuable role in the diagnosis of acute mesenteric ischemia.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1986

[Experience with the familial occurrence of CIIP and review of the literature in Japan].

Recurrent intestinal obstruction for which no underlying cause can be found has been termed "chronic idiopathic intestinal pseudoobstruction (CIIP)" by Maldonado et al. Some clinical features of CIIP have been pointed out in literatures. More often than not, CIIP often shows hereditary occurrence. The authors have summed up twenty-one cases of CIIP reported till 1984 in Japan, In these cases, only one familial occurrence has been reported excluding our own. Our cases were a young woman and her father and they showed clinical features of CIIP and they might have hereditary factors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Two stage total gastrectomy in a case of multiple bleeding gastric ulcers.

A 78-year-old man with severe diabetes mellitus fell into shock due to bleeding from multiple gastric ulcers. Near-total gastrectomy without reconstruction was performed in the initial operation to save his life. After his general condition improved, total gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y esophagojejunostomy was performed in a second procedure. As this two stage total gastrectomy can avoid excessive operative stress, and prevent rebleeding and breakdown at the anastomosis, we consider it a valuable procedure for patients who have multiple bleeding gastric ulcers involving almost the whole stomach, and who have very poor general condition or severe complications at the time of operation.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of dialysate glucose on phagocyte superoxide generation in CAPD patients.

OBJECTIVE: In the present study, we investigated the influence of dialysate glucose on superoxide (O2-) generation by peripheral and peritoneal phagocytes in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients. DESIGN: Peripheral polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) and mononuclear leukocytes (MNL), and peritoneal cells were isolated from peripheral blood and peritoneal effluents, respectively, and their oxidative metabolism was assessed by measuring O2- generation after stimulation with a soluble stimulant [phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), 1 mg/mL, Sigma Chemical, St. Louis, MO, U.S.A.] using the chemiluminescence method. Dialysate glucose effect on O2- generation was also studied in vitro by exposing peripheral PMNL and MNL from healthy controls to peritoneal dialysis fluid (PDF) containing glucose or amino acids at a neutral pH for different time periods. RESULTS: The amount of O2- generation by both peripheral and peritoneal phagocytes in CAPD patients was significantly higher than that in the control, and the response was greater in patients who were dialyzed with high glucose dialysate than those using low glucose dialysate. In an in vitro study, all incubated cells, except the control, showed suppression of O2- generation in the early dwell time (2 hr), and subsequently showed increased responses (peaking at 6 hr), although lower in degree than those observed in vivo. In contrast, amino acid-based PDF exhibited no such effect on O2- generation at identical pH with similar or lower osmolality. Furthermore, the respective increased or decreased oxidative responses with the increased or decreased PDF glucose concentrations in the same patient confirmed the positive effect of PDF glucose on phagocyte O2- generation. CONCLUSION: It is suggested that increased O2- generation by peritoneal and circulating phagocytes in CAPD patients is at least partly due to the enhancement of hexose monophosphate shunt activity by increasing glucose metabolism in phagocytes, and the increased O2- generation might be involved in long-term complications of CAPD. Therefore, a suitable alternative osmotic agent is needed to provide a more physiological environment to minimize the adverse effects of glucose on cell functions.

Adult↗