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Biomedical subjects

M Nasu

Publications and source records attributed to M Nasu.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) in which plasmapheresis was ineffective but vincristine slow infusion therapy was effective with long-term remission].

A 38-year old female patient with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) did not respond to plasmapheresis and treatment with corticosteroids and antiplatelet agents but did respond to subsequent high-dose gamma-globulin therapy and vincristine slow infusion therapy. Remission, thought to be due to vincristine, was achieved. The administration schedule of vincristine was 1 or 2 mg once a week by intravenous drip infusion over a period of 6 to 8 hr. Improvement tended to be seen after the 6th administration, and remission was achieved after the 12th administration (total dose: 15 mg), and continues to the time of this writing. In this case, it was thought that vincristine inhibited a certain excessive reaction in the process of PAIgG-related platelet consumption. We conclude that vincristine should be administered at least 5 to 6 times, and the therapeutic method should be established based on the experience in a larger number of clinical cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[An operated case of atresia of aortic arch without PDDT in an adult].

Atresia of aortic arch (AAA) is very rare congenital anomaly and hemodynamically comparable with interruption of aortic arch (IAA). In general it is associated with pulmonary-ductus descending aorta trunk (PDDT) and its prognosis is extremely poor. 38-year old man complained of easy fatigability and hypertension on bilateral arms. Aortography showed interruption of blood stream at aortic isthmus and rich collateral blood flow to descending aorta. PDDT or intracardiac anomaly was not found. He was diagnosed IAA, type A of Celoria-Patton without PDDT. Alternatively echocardiography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed the anatomical continuity between the aortic arch and the descending aorta. Therefore he was finally diagnosed aortic arch atresia without PDDT. The prosthetic bypass grafting was performed between left subclavian artery and descending aorta.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Pharmacokinetics of aztreonam on hemodialysis].

We studied the pharmacokinetics of aztreonam (AZT) in 6 patients with renal insufficiencies during nonhemodialysis and hemodialysis. After intravenous injection of 1 g AZT, it was found that serum AZT concentrations during hemodialysis were different from those during nonhemodialysis and serum half-lives (T 1/2 beta) were 3.44 hours and 16.97 hours, respectively. AZT clearance changed from 0.762 L/hr during hemodialysis to 3.360 L/hr during nonhemodialysis. These findings suggest that hemodialysis patients should receive the standard dose of AZT as a loading dose, followed by one-half the loading dose per day and receive a supplemental dose equal to half their usual maintenance dose after each dialysis session.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Evaluation of increasing digital blood flow during early period of air-cooled cold test].

The present study was performed to elucidate peripheral hemodynamic changes, especially, digital blood flow, caused by an air-cooled cold test. Experiments were carried out by placing the subject's left hand in a box that was kept at a temperature of about 18 degrees C by air-cooling. At the same time, the digital blood flow, digital blood pressure, compliances of the peripheral resistance and capacitance vessels were measured. These parameters were measured on the left forefinger of the cooled side, and also on the opposite side according to Kato's method at 3 points, 1) at normal condition (before cooling stated). 2) 30 seconds after the cooling began and 3) 10 minutes after the cooling began. The following results were obtained; 1) The systemic blood pressure, digital blood pressure and heart rate showed no statistically significant differences in measurements taken at the above three stages. 2) The mean value of the digital blood flow was found to have increased after 30 seconds, and to have decreased after 10 minutes of cooling. Statistically, significant differences were noted at the above three stages. 3) The mean value of the peripheral vascular resistance was found to have increased after 30 seconds, and to have decreased after 10 minutes. 4) Compliances of the peripheral resistance vessel and capacitance vessel showed no significant changes on either side except between normal condition and after 10 minutes of cooling.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A histopathological study on pseudomonas pneumonia diagnosed by immunostaining with monoclonal antibody].

Pseudomonas pneumonia is one of the fatal opportunistic infections. We examined Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the autopsied lung tissues by the immunostaining (Biotin-Streptoavidin peroxidase complex method). Out of 185 autopsied cases, fifty-three cases had bacterial pneumonia. We performed the immunostaining to these 53 cases, of which 14 cases (26.4%) were diagnosed as pseudomonas pneumonia. All of the 14 cases had severe underlying diseases which were hematologic malignancies in six, solid malignancies in five and so on. Of ten of them pseudomonas pneumonia was considered to be the direct cause of death. P. aeruginosa was observed in alveolar space in all cases, and in bronchial and bronchiolar lumen in many cases. P. aeruginosa was also detected in alveolar and vascular walls. Histopathologically necrotizing vasculitis and alveolar destruction were characteristic, and intra-alveolar hemorrhage, fibrinous exudate, abscess formation, coagulation necrosis and thrombosis were observed in most cases. Necrotizing vasculitis and intra-alveolar hemorrhage were more severe in the cases of leukopenic patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A clinicopathological study on cytomegalovirus infection].

A clinicopathological study was carried out in 200 autopsied cases experienced in our department from 1981 to 1988. Cytomegalovirus infection was detected in 18 cases (9.0%). Eleven patients were male and 7 were female, and their ages ranged from 21 to 72 with a mean of 58.1 years. Primary diseases were mainly Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (7 cases) and Adult T-cell leukemia (4 cases), and corticosteroid had been administered to all of them. The most commonly involved organ was lung (77.8%), followed by adrenal (55.6%), esophagus, pancreas, ovary (22.2%), stomach, small intestine, thyroid (16.7%), liver, kidney, tongue (11.1%), and so on. Concomitant infections were frequently complicated, which were bacterial pneumonia (5 cases), fungal pneumonia (3 cases), disseminated varicella-zoster infection (2 cases) and herpes simplex virus esophagitis or stomatitis (5 cases), while, ten patients died of cytomegalovirus pneumonia. Cytomegalovirus infection was one of the fatal opportunistic infections in immunocompromised, especially cell-mediated immunity impaired, hosts such as the patients with lymphocytic malignancies.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A pathological study on herpes simplex virus infections in adults].

A pathological study was carried out in 200 autopsied cases experienced in our department from 1981 to 1988. Eight patients (4.0%) had herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections in their visceral organs. Another one patient was diagnosed as HSV hepatitis through necropsy of liver. The nine patients (five of them were male) ranged in age from 34 to 70 years (mean, 58). Four patients had non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and the other included one with adult T-cell leukemia, one with multiple myeloma, one with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia and one with bronchial asthma, however, one did not have any underlying disease. Two patients died of HSV fulminant hepatitis and one died of HSV diffuse interstitial pneumonia. The most commonly involved organ was esophagus (7/8), followed by tongue (5/8), liver (3/9), spleen, pancreas, lymph node (2/8), and lung, adrenal, tonsil (1/8). Typical herpetic changes such as ballooning degeneration of cells, multinucleated giant cells, ground-glass nuclei and Cowdry type A intranuclear inclusions were observed at the margin of the ulcer or coagulation necrosis. Indirect immunoperoxidase stain revealed HSV-1 antigen in all of the 9 cases, HSV particles were demonstrated in 2. Seven patients had concomitant infections with one or more pathogens in addition to HSV, which included cytomegalovirus in 5, aspergillus in 4, candida in 3 and bacteria in 3.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Effects of cefbuperazone on the chemiluminescence of human neutrophils.

To investigate the in vivo effect of antimicrobial agent on neutrophil chemiluminescence and serum opsonic activity, cefbuperazone sodium (CBPZ) was administered to healthy male volunteers via an intravenous drip. A peripheral blood sample (10 ml) was collected 7 times: prior to injection, then 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 24 h after injection. Neutrophil chemiluminescence and serum opsonic activity was measured by the simultaneous multiple measurement system based on luminol-dependent chemiluminescence and indicated by peak height and peak time. Neutrophils were activated at hour 1 from the point of view of peak height and statistical significance was observed. The fluctuation of serum opsonic activity was small and statistical significance was not observed. CBPZ has an in vivo effect on neutrophils which was not supposed from in vitro study.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Relation between mixed venous blood oxygen saturation and cardiac pumping function at the acute phase of myocardial infarction.

In this study, we monitored changes in the mixed venous blood oxygen saturation (Sv-O2) level of 45 patients with acute myocardial infarction and compared these results to the traditional parameters. The Sv-O2 level was found to correlate well with the clinical course of patients and their hemodynamic conditions. The mean Sv-O2 level of the group having congestive heart failure (53.3 +/- 8.4%) was found to be statistically lower than those without (69.8 +/- 5.6). Furthermore, patients whose Sv-O2 level was lower than 60% were found to be at greater risk for heart failure and a very high mortality rate. Patients were classified into four subsets according to Forrester's hemodynamic classification; their Sv-O2 levels were 70.7 +/- 4.1% (I: 23 cases), 54.7 +/- 6.9% (II: 8 cases), 55.8 +/- 9.4% (III: 10 cases), and 47.0 +/- 8.0 (IV: 4 cases), respectively. A severe relationship between pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and Sv-O2 having a correlation coefficient of r = -0.64 was observed, and a logarithmic curvilinear relation between cardiac index approximately Sv-O2, stroke volume index approximately Sv-O2 and left ventricular stroke work index approximately Sv-O2 was also evident. When the decrease in the Sv-O2 level was more than 5%, it always showed a significant decrease in the cardiac index. This study suggested tht continuous monitoring of the Sv-O2 level revealed simultaneous changes in the hemodynamic state, which lead to the assistance and aid for treating patients with critical conditions of acute myocardial infarction. In such circumstances, it was noted that the Sv-O2 level should be maintained above 60% in order to stabilize the hemodynamic state.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Study on the radiation effects toward function and vessels of parotid gland in rat].

The effect of irradiation on the parotid gland was determined from 99mTc-pertechnetate (99mTcO4-) uptake and the course of vessels in the parotid gland, by investigating the uptake and excretion of 99mTcO4- in 60Co-gamma ray-irradiated rat parotid gland and ovserving the course of blood vessels and the histological changes. 1. In the uptake test, radiation activity of 99mTcO4- taken into the parotid gland per unit weight was the highest three days after irradiation for both 10 Gy (1.68 x 10(5)cpm/g) and 50 Gy (2.05 x 10(5)cpm/g); however, it began to decrease gradually at 7 days after irradiation. 2. In the clearance test, as in the uptake test, the radiation activity of 99mTcO4- per unit weight remaining in the parotid gland after stimulation of secretion, was high at 3 days after irradiation for both 10 Gy and 50 Gy (0.86 x 10(5), 1.28 x 10(5)cpm/g, respectively) and 7 days (0.88 x 10(5), 1.29 x 10(5)cpm/g) after irradiation, and gradually decreasing thereafter. 3. Stimulation-secretion coefficients determined from the ratio of uptake and clearance of 99mTcO4- were lower in all groups with irradiation than in the group without irradiation, with especially low values at 7 and 14 days after radiation. Thus, parotid function declined after irradiation. 4. With respect to the effect of irradiation on blood vessels, mild dilation was observed at 10 Gy at 3 and 7 days after irradiation, then constriction and meandering were noticed. Such changes were greater at 50 Gy than at 10 Gy. 5. Histological changes appeared 6h after irradiation in the 10 Gy- and 50 Gy-irradiation groups. Derangement of cells in the terminal parts, dilation of conduits, and proliferation of connective tissue were observed from 3 days after irradiation. 6. The periodic aid-Schiff (PAS) reaction was decreased in the 10 Gy- and 50 Gy-irradiation groups, with few PAS-positive cells at 28 days after irradiation. In conclusion, the decline in parotid function after 10 Gy- and 50 Gy-irradiation was related to histological changes in the vascular system and glandular tissues.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Change on the cell proliferation kinetics of the central and peripheral regions of DMBA induced hamster tongue cancer following irradiation].

Cellular changes on the vascular and peripheral sides of DMBA-induced cancer of the tongue in hamsters, were assessed by [3H] thymidine cellular labelling, one and three days after irradiation by 60Co-gamma ray at 20 Gy. The results obtained were as follows: 1) Initial labelling index (L.I.) was high on the vascular side and low on the peripheral side before irradiation. The L.I. on the day following irradiation was decreased was decreased for the whole tumor. The vascular side demonstrated a decrease of about 43% while there were no changes on the peripheral side. This tendency was still observed 3 days after irradiation. 2) Mitosis index (M.I.) were high on the vascular side, and low on the peripheral side before irradiation. On the following day, and three days after irradiation the M.I. was decreased totally, although the decrease was only slight on the vascular side. On the peripheral side, in contrast, the M.I. was increased to about two-fold. 3) There was no difference in the time of cellular rotation (Tc), between vascular and peripheral sides before irradiation, but the Tc on the following day of irradiation was increased by about 3 on both the vascular and peripheral sides of the tumors. In contrast, at three days after irradiation, it was decreased by about 6.5h. 4) There was no difference in the time of preparation for mitosis (Tg2) between the vascular and peripheral sides before irradiation. It was increased by about 2h on both sides on the day following irradiation, and it was increased by about 3h, 3 days after irradiation. 5) Although there was no difference in the time of mitosis (Tm) between both sides, on the day following irradiation, it was increased by about 1.6 times, and 2.1 times, on the vascular and peripheral sides, respectively. A very similar tendency was observed even 3 days after irradiation. 6) There was no difference in the time of DNA synthesis (Ts) between the vascular and peripheral sides of the tumors before irradiation, or at one, or three days after irradiation. 7) Although there was no difference in the time of preparation for synthesis (Tg1), between both sides before irradiation, or on the day following irradiation, it showed a marked decrease of about 90% on both sides of the tumors 3 days after irradiation.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
PubMed1989

[Silicosis and lung cancer].

A clinicopathological analysis was carried out on 50 cases of lung cancer with silicosis diagnosed from April 1975 to March 1988. All patients were males and the age distribution ranged from 47 to 85 years with a mean of 63.5 at diagnosis. They had been exposed to silica in tunneling for 3 to 42 years, with an average of 15.1. Forty eight cases smoked. Histologically, squamous cell carcinoma was the most common with 29 cases, followed by 10 small cell carcinomas, 6 adenocarcinomas, 4 large cell carcinomas and one adenosquamous carcinoma. Thirty seven tumors were located in peripheral regions, mostly upper lobe or S6, while 13 tumors were in large bronchi. As the most common histological types of lung cancer with silicosis were squamous cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma, some carcinogens might be involved in tumorigenesis. Silica alone is not considered to be a carcinogen, however, silica containing adsorbed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from cigarette smoking or from industrial pyrolysis can act as a carcinogen or promoter.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

[Assay of erythropoietin in plasma by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay].

Using an enzyme linked immunosolvent assay kit supplied by Toyobo Co., erythropoietin (EPO) concentration in plasma was measured. Normal 100 samples showed a logarithmic distribution in EPO concentrations and normal range was between 5.4-32.5 mU/ml (mean +/- 2 SD). Coefficient variations (C.V.) of 3 samples continuously assayed were 3.8%, 6.5%, and 9.1% and C.V. of 3 samples assayed day by day were 3.6%, 7.2%, and 11.5%. Dilution test revealed that 3 samples diluted to 75%, 50%, and 25% were on each line which go through zero point. After the addition of 5.0, 15.0, and 35.0 mU/ml of EPO to the 3 samples, assay of EPO revealed 95.5 +/- 6.3% (mean +/- SD) of recovery. Assay of EPO in plasma from 19 patients with aplastic anemia revealed that all samples were higher than normal range and that 4 samples from the patients with severe aplastic anemia (less than 8.0 g/dl of hemoglobin) showed higher than 3,000 mU/ml. Furthermore, 67% (14/21) of samples from patients with leukemia showed higher than normal range in EPO concentration. EPO concentration in plasma from 17 patients with chronic renal failure were within normal range although the patients showed anemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Fungal flora in rainwater.

We analyzed rainwater samples collected throughout a year for fungal flora and compared the results to those from atmospheric samples. Differences between the seasonal variation in number of fungi in rainwater and that in number of fungi in the atmosphere were found; that is, there was less of a difference among rainfall samples from different sampling points than among atmospheric samples. In the rainwater samples 29 fungal genera were detected, whereas only 17 were detected in the atmospheric samples. The variations in Cladosporium and Penicillium were the determinants of the total number of fungi in rainwater, whereas in air the variation in Cladosporium alone was the determinant. Sampling of rainwater therefore can be expected to provide information on fungal flora in the troposphere that cannot be obtained by means of air sampling.

Air Microbiology↗
PubMed1989

[Determination of the blood pressure level in mild hypertension. Significance of 20 minute resting blood pressure measurement comparing to 24 hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring].

Determination of the blood pressure (BP) level in patients with mild hypertension (MHT) is quite difficult, since ulcerations of BP are tremendously exaggerated in the doctor's office. It has been well known that casual BP is less reliable to estimate LVH than BPs obtained at home or work-site. Although 24 hour ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) has been widely accepted to overcome this problems, it is still controversial whether this method is applicable to all hypertensive subjects with special regards to its cost and effect. Therefore, our study has dealt mainly with the development of more convenient and less expensive method to get reasonable BPs. Twenty two nonmedicated patients with MHT were selected for the study. After taking casual BP in the office, the resting 20 minute BP measurements at every 2 minute interval were performed with Dynamap 950. Ten BP values thus obtained were divided into two categorical phases; early and late. The mean systolic and diastolic pressures (Ps & Pd) in the early phase were significantly higher than those in the late phase. Beside mean Ps and Pd obtained from 24 hour ABPM, 4 categorical phases based on the time of a day were defined; morning (from awaking to noon), afternoon (from noon to 6 pm), evening (from 6 pm to bed time) and night (during sleeping). Mutual correlation coefficients of these categorical BPs were calculated and compared to identify reasonably high significant correlations. The results revealed the highest BP at the office and the lowest one during sleeping. The office BPs closely resembled to the ones during afternoon period.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Neutrophil chemiluminescence in pneumoconiosis].

Neutrophilic phagocytic activity and serum opsonic activity were examined in pneumoconiosis patients. One hundred patients aged 43 to 81 were classified into four types (types 1 to 4) according to the degree of chest X-ray findings. A simultaneous multiple measurement system for luminol-dependent chemiluminescence was used. Neutrophilic phagocytic activity and serum opsonic activity were shown by the time length to reach peak chemiluminescence (PT) and the height of peak chemiluminescence (PH). There were no significant differences of neutrophilic phagocytic activities and serum opsonic activities between normal persons and type 1 cases of mild disease. However, these activities were elevated in cases with more severe disease, and the most severe type 4 type cases tended to show lower activities than type 2 and type 3 cases. PT of total chemiluminescence was influenced by both neutrophilic phagocytic activity and serum opsonic activity, but PH only by neutrophilic phagocytic activity. Statistically significant correlation was observed between serum opsonic activity and serum CH50 levels.

Adult↗