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Biomedical subjects

M Nasu

Publications and source records attributed to M Nasu.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[A case of foreign body granuloma due to aspiration of a twig of Cryptomeria].

A 65-year-old man was admitted to Oita Medical School Hospital with complaints of hemoptysis and left anterior chest pain. Chest X-ray film showed a nodular shadow, about 1 cm in diameter, in the left S8 area. A specimen obtained by transbronchial biopsy showed no malignant findings. However, left lower lobectomy was performed because of the possibility of malignancy. The resected specimen contained a twig of cryptomeria within dark-red lung tissue. Histologically, the foreign body granuloma was surrounding a vegetable fiber. We had no information of an episode of pruning a cryptomeria and aspiration of a twig before the operation. Cryptomeria is an extremely rare bronchopulmonary foreign body, and the present case suggests that bronchopulmonary foreign body granuloma is an important disease in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary nodules.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Biodegradation of aniline and abundance of potential degraders in river waters.

Total dissolved organic carbon (TOC), number of colony forming units (CFU), and total direct count (TDC) were compared to the biodegradation of aniline and the number of potential degraders in water samples from head waters to down stream of the Ina River and several other sites of rivers traversing Osaka city. The results indicate that aniline degrading populations of these various microbial communities exhibit different activities probably depending on the extent of adaptation to pollutants to which the microbes are exposed. The number of aniline degraders found in river water samples was in agreement with other parameters which were used to demonstrate the degree of pollution in river water even though higher biodegradability was evident in waters which show comparatively low TOC and CFU. These results suggest that biodegradation of aniline and enumeration of its potential degraders may serve as valuable indicators for the assessment of pollution in river waters.

Aniline Compounds↗
PubMed1991

Hydrogen peroxide inhibits iodide uptake and iodine organification in cultured porcine thyroid follicles.

We investigated the effect of hydrogen peroxide on the process of thyroid hormone formation in a physiologic culture system of porcine thyroid follicles that we recently established. Porcine thyroid follicles cultured in medium containing 1 mU/mL TSH were exposed to 0 to 500 microM hydrogen peroxide in the presence of 0.1 microCi carrier-free Na125 and sodium iodide for 2 h. Iodide uptake and iodine organification were measured in this incubation system. The kinetics of iodide uptake were used to explain the action of hydrogen peroxide. In addition, cAMP content and Na+,K(+)-ATPase activity (an enzyme necessary for iodide uptake) were measured to investigate the mechanism of hydrogen peroxide action. Hydrogen peroxide at concentrations of 100, 200, and 500 microM inhibited iodide uptake in a dose-dependent manner. Iodide organification was inhibited only when the concentration of hydrogen peroxide was greater than 200 microM. The kinetics of iodide uptake indicated that hydrogen peroxide was a noncompetitive inhibitor with iodide. Inhibition of iodide uptake and iodine organification by hydrogen peroxide were not mediated by alteration of cAMP content of Na+,K(+)-ATPase activity, since exposure to even 500 microM hydrogen peroxide did not change these parameters in the follicle when compared with those of control samples. Our results suggest that the iodide transport system in the thyroid follicle is inhibited at 200 microM hydrogen peroxide or greater.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1991

Hemostatic alterations caused by ventricular assist devices for postcardiotomy heart failure.

The hemostatic alterations in two adult patients who were supported by left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) because of postcardiotomy heart failure were evaluated. In both patients, fibrinopeptide A and thrombin-antithrombin III complex increased markedly during the first several days, and thereafter decreased moderately but remained above normal over the entire procedure. Furthermore, fibrinopeptide B beta 15-42 and alpha 2 plasmin inhibitor-plasmin complex were also markedly increased over the entire course of LVAD treatment. These data show that the LVAD system strongly activates both the coagulation and the fibrinolytic system, even when thromboembolic or bleeding complications are not clinically evident. Furthermore, the decrease in physiological coagulation inhibitors, especially protein C, indicates that these factors are activated and consumed during LVAD treatment. Because protein C is important in regulating the coagulation cascade during LVAD treatment, exhaustion of this system might result in thromboembolic complications during LVAD treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[A case of smoldering adult T-cell leukemia complicated by various pulmonary infections].

A 46-year-old man was admitted to Oita Medical College Hospital on October 16, 1987, because of cough and sputum. Chest X-ray and chest CT films showed diffuse reticulonodular shadow. The specimens obtained by transbronchial lung biopsy revealed cysts of pneumocystis carinii. Abnormal lymphocytes with lobulated nuclei were found 2-7% of peripheral leucocytes. The anti HTLV-I antibody was positive. According to these data, we diagnosed the patient as smoldering adult T cell leukemia with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. The abnormal shadow on chest X-ray disappeared after SMX-TMP and pentamidine treatment. After about 1 year, he was again admitted for high fever. Chest X-ray showed infiltration with cavity in right upper lobe. Streptococcus pneumoniae was isolated from the sputum. The infiltration shadow on chest X-ray disappeared after antibiotics treatment. However, multiple nodular shadow appeared on the chest X-ray and ATL cell infiltration was found in the specimens of transbronchial lung biopsy. ATL cells in peripheral blood also increased and serum LDH and Calcium levels were markedly high. According to these data, we diagnosed the patient as having a ATL crisis. Although chemotherapy for ATL was started, the ATL, cell infiltration shadow on the chest X-ray enlarged, and bilateral diffuse patchy shadows was appeared on the chest X-ray. He died of respiratory failure on April 26, 1989. Cytomegalovirus pneumonia and ATL cell infiltration were revealed by necropsy.

Anemia, Refractory, with Excess of Blasts↗
PubMed1991

[A clinical study on liver dysfunction in patients with acute measles infection].

Liver dysfunction in patients with measles infection is reported commonly in European and American literatures, but those in Japan are relatively rare. We observed the abnormal elevation of serum transaminase in 17 of 18 juvenile patients with measles from December 1989 to February 1990, however severe complications such as pneumonia or meningitis were not observed. A diagnosis of measles was made by typical clinical symptoms and the elevation of IgM antibody against measles (EIA method). Ninety four percent of the patients showed the elevation of serum transaminase, (GOT 118.6 +/- 96.2 IU/l, GPT 161.5 +/- 167.6 IU/l), and all patients recovered completely in 30.5 +/- 12.8 days after the onset. The abnormal evaluation of serum LDH was seen in 94% of the patients, (mean value was 872.2 +/- 216.2 IU/l). LDH4 mainly elevated in most cases, however, LDH5 elevated only in 4 cases. The intensity of liver dysfunction did not correlate to the severity of measles in the present cases. It is considered to be characteristic to the patients with measles that the serum level of LDH is markedly high as compared with that of transaminase.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Progress in glycated albumin assay and its clinical significance].

Glycated albumin (G-Alb) measured as one of the glycated proteins is recognized to be the clinical significant index of blood glucose control at earlier stage rather than HbA1c. The borate affinity column (BAC) method is regarded as a reference assay method, but the assay of fructosamine (FRA) is widely used at present as the easier method of G-Alb. In this paper, the characteristics, problems and usefulness of BAC method and FRA assay were described.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1991

[Studies on molecular markers for hemostasis and thrombosis in various renal diseases].

In order to clarify the abnormalities of blood coagulation and fibrinolysis in patients with various renal diseases, some molecular markers for hemostasis and thrombosis were examined in comparison with those of the patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation. The results were as follows: 1) PIC was significantly higher in the patients with CGN, NS, SLE, HD and DIC than normal subjects. 2) TAT was significantly higher in the patients with CGN, NS, HD and DIC. 3) SFMC was significantly higher only in the patients of DIC. 4) FDP and FDP-E were significantly higher in the patients with HD and DIC. 5) D-dimer was significantly higher in the patients with CGN, CRF, HD and DIC. These results suggested that the abnormalities of blood coagulation and fibrinolysis in patients with various renal diseases are relatively mild, and situated between the normal subjects and patients with DIC.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Long-term results of operation in patients with annuloaortic ectasia].

From 1974 to 1990, 24 patients were operated on for annuloaortic ectasia. We chose Bentall's technique for 17 patients with great displacement of coronary ostium, but Cabrol's one for 6 patients since coronary displacement was not great. The hospital mortality was 8.3% (2 deaths). The late mortality has been 5/22 (22.7%). Nevertheless, all the patients employed Cabrol's technique have been free from death, events and reoperation. These results were remarkably better than those of primary isolated AVR. It is considered that poor results were caused not by the operating mode using a composite graft but by the connective tissue disorder as primary pathology of annuloaortic ectasia. We conclude that the patient with annuloaortic ectasia must be observed for a long-term after operation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Congenital kinking of the aortic arch associated with aortic arch aneurysm: a case report].

A surgical case of congenital kinking of the aortic arch associated with aortic arch aneurysm, which had been observed as the mediastinal tumor for 15 years, was reported. Twenty-two surgical cases of the aortic lesion, which were diagnosed pseudocoarctation or congenital kinking, have been reported in the literature. This paper focused on the pathogenesis, surgical treatment and terminology of this anomaly.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Results and problems of open heart surgery in patients seventy years of age and older].

The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of aging on the surgical results. The subjects which were 70-year or older included 13 cases of acute myocardial infarction with mechanical failure (AMI), 36 of elective aortocoronary bypass (CABG) and 33 of valvular heart disease (VHD). The control group younger than 70 included 32 cases of CABG and 32 of VHD. The complication rate of hypertension or diabetes mellitus in the older group was not significantly higher than in younger group. The characteristics of the preoperative status in the older group, however, seemed to be renal and hepatic hypofunction and anemia. The amount of intraoperative bleeding in older group was larger than in younger group. The periods of ICU stay, respiratory assist and postoperative hospitalization in older group were significantly longer than in younger group. The operative mortality rate of AMI was 61.5%, of CABG 8.3% and of VHD 12.1%. The operative mortality rate of emergent or urgent operation was 47.6% and of elective one 8.2%. The 4-year survival rate of CABG was 82% and the 6-year survival rate of VHD was 85%. Sixty four survivors (95.5%) improved to I-II of NYHA classification and of only 3 survivors (4.5%) remained in NYHA III class. The operative and long term results of elective surgery in older patients were comparable to those in younger ones. Therefore aging, itself, should not be a limiting factor in 70-year or older patients with good mental activity.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1991

[Successful reinduction of complete remission in a patient with ALL associated with multiple liver abscesses who relapsed after 6 years].

We reported on a 35 year-old patient suffering from ALL with multiple liver abscesses (Journal of Kyusyu Hematological Society, Vol. 31, No. 3 & 4, Dec., 1983). He experienced six years of complete hematological remission from 1983 to 1989, with low fever, positive CRP, polyclonal gamma-globulinemia and elevated alkaline phosphatase. A relapse occurred in June of 1989. A subsequent biopsy revealed fibrosis of the liver attributed to inflammation. At present, he has returned to the complete remission stage with no exacerbation of the liver abscesses.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Transesophageal echocardiographic findings of intracardiac events during cardiac assist.

Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is an easy, noninvasive and reproducible method for evaluation of left ventricular function, coronary flow patterns, and intracardiac blood flow patterns during cardial assist. TEE facilitated better management of the patients with LVAD and gave us the various information: (a) Observing the drawing catheter tip by TEE, it could be settled just above the mitral orifice to obtain the maximum bypass flow; in addition, dislocation of the catheter tip could be easily diagnosed. (b) The intracardiac thrombus could be clearly detected by TEE; it was removed without complications, weaning from left ventricular assist device (LVAD). (c) The left ventricular wall motion was periodically observed. The end systolic LV diameter (Ds) was decreasing and fractional shortening (%FS) was increasing as the natural heart recovery. Additionally, the preejection period (PEP) and the ejection time (ET) were measured. The ratio of PEP/ET was decreasing gradually. Ds did not alter with preload change during on-off testing unlike the other parameters. Ds seems to be the most reliable parameter for the natural heart recovery within certain amounts of bypass flow. (d) The flow velocity in the left anterior descending coronary artery could be measured by transesophageal Doppler method; it was clinically shown that counterpulsation produced a larger amount of coronary blood flow than copulsation.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[A clinical and pathological study on varicella-zoster virus pneumonia].

A 48-year-old male with Adult T-cell leukemia (case 1) and a 57-year-old with acute lymphocytic leukemia (case 2) died of rapid progressive pneumonia and pleuritis. Histopathological findings of the lungs were multifocal hemorrhagic coagulation necrosis, and typical Cowdry type A and full type intranuclear inclusion bodies were observed in alveolar cells, bronchial cells, fibroblast, endothelial cells of small vessels, bronchial gland cells and pleural cells. Antigen against varicella-zoster virus (VZV) was positive in these cells by immunostaining, and the antigen was also demonstrated in other organs such as liver, spleen, pancreas, kidney, adrenal gland, esophagus, stomach, intestine and so on. Furthermore, cytomegalovirus was simultaneously superinfected lungs of both cases, and concomitant candida gastritis (case 1), aspergillus lung abscess and candida liver abscess (case 2) were observed. In the immunocompromised host VZV may involve the visceral organs and death may result from VZV pneumonia.

Bronchi↗
PubMed1990

[HTLV-I associated interstitial pneumonia--a case report and bronchoalveolar lavage study].

A 70-year-old male was admitted to our hospital because of fever and dyspnea. The patient was seropositive for HTLV-I and ATL cells were seen in the peripheral blood in the percentage of 2-5. The proviral DNA was positive and the diagnosis of smoldering ATL was made. His chest X-ray film showed diffuse reticulo-nodular infiltrates in both lung fields. The lung tissue obtained by transbronchial lung biopsy showed the lymphocytic infiltrations in the alveolar septa and the submucosa of the bronchioles. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid showed an increased proportion of lymphocytes that consisted mainly of CD3+ DR+ cells and the CD4+/CD8+ ratio was 2.1 during exacerbation and 0.8 after steroid therapy. Anti-HTLV-I IgG and IgA antibodies were positive in both serum and BAL fluid by Western blotting method. It is suggested that T-lymphocyte alveolitis may occur in patients who are seropositive for HTLV-I and the immunological mechanism seems to be responsible.

Aged↗