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Biomedical subjects

M Nakata

Publications and source records attributed to M Nakata.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Genetic variation and craniofacial growth in inbred rats.

There has been no experimental study clarifying the contribution of genetic variation to craniofacial growth on a longitudinal basis, although its importance is generally accepted. Utilizing diallel crosses of five strains of inbred rats, the present study concerns an estimation of the contribution genetic variation makes to the longitudinal change of craniofacial size. The overall sizes of craniofacial complex components of F1-offspring rats were investigated postnatally by means of roentgenographic cephalometry, and quantitative genetic analysis was performed by the method of Wearden [1964]. It was revealed that the relative contributions of the genetic and environmental components to total variance in craniofacial size varied with age and that the genetic component of variance significantly increased until the 80th day. On the other hand, the maternal component of variance showed the maximum value during the early periods of postnatal growth (ie, the 10th to 25th day), gradually declining thereafter to a very small amount by the 80th day. The environmental component of variance increased slightly and gradually with age through the experimental period. In conclusion it appeared that genetic variation became more significant during longitudinal growth of the craniofacial complex as the maternal effects diminished.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1984

Dental survey in Nigeria. Part I. Prevalence of dental caries in Nigeria.

A joint dental epidemiological survey was carried out in 1981 in the ancient city of Ile-Ife and its environs in the Federal Republic of Nigeria. The survey was made with the University of Ife, Ile-Ife, Oyo State, Nigeria, as the base. The occurrence of caries in 898 Nigerian school children of 509 urban and 389 rural children was compared with the occurrence of caries in the Japanese children. The results showed that the incidence of caries in the Nigerian school children was much lower than that of their Japanese counterpart. However, it is projected that with the increase in the consumption of sweet drinks and food in Nigeria, if superimposed on the existing poor oral hygiene, the incidence of caries will increase greatly.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Renal function study with 111In-DTPA--in comparison with 99mTc-DTPA.

Technetium-99m-diethylene-triamine-penta-acetic acid (DTPA) and 111In-DTPA were injected simultaneously into 21 patients with various levels of renal function. Scintiphoto, camera data renograms and clearance values (plasma sampling) were obtained for each patient. The mixed isotope scintiphoto images were of intermediate quality and the images with 111In-DTPA were apparently inferior to those with 99mTc-DTPA. These equations were obtained: (1) y = 0.30 + 0.91 x (coefficient of correlation r = 0.98) where x is the value at T peak (time of maximum count on renogram) obtained with 99mTc-DTPA and where y is the value at T peak with 111In-DTPA. (2) y = -0.09 + 1.006 x (r = 0.99) where x is the value at T3/4 (time interval between the time of maximum count to the time of 3/4 of maximum count on renogram) and where y is the value at T3/4 obtained with 111In-DTPA. (3) y = -0.01 + 1.007 x (r = 0.98) where the x and y values were for the excretion ratios (counts at 20 min/maximum counts on renogram). (4) y = 0.81 + 0.98 x (r = 0.99) where x and y are the clearance values.

Female↗
PubMed1983

[Clinical features and treatment of pulmonary metastasis in osteosarcoma].

Ninety-seven pulmonary metastatic cases in 141 osteosarcoma from 1960 to 1981 were analysed. The overall cumulative 5-year survival rate of the cases was 38.1%, whereas that of the recent 41 cases with systemic chemotherapy was 56.2%. Eighty percent of pulmonary metastases were found within one year since their first visit to our clinic. It was revealed that there were positive relationship between the doubling time of the pulmonary metastases and the post-metastatic survival (p less than 0.001), and between the period from their first visit to our clinic to metastases and the post-metastatic survival (p less than 0.001). The favorable effects of the systemic chemotherapy using adriamycin, vincristine, methotrexate and cis-platinum were recognized. The thoracotomy revealed effective and five cases are living without disease for average 80.8 months after surgery.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1983

[Detection of regional left ventricular wall motion abnormality by ultrasonic cardiotomography: comparison with phase images of RI angiocardiography].

Left ventricular (LV) wall motion abnormality evaluated by LV contrast angiography was compared with that of RI angiography and ultrasonic cardiotomography (UCT). Phase images and UCT were performed in 15 patients with akinesis or dyskinesis (Group I), 17 with localized hypokinesis (Group II), and 11 without abnormality (Group III). In the RAO phase image, the LV was divided into apical, antero-lateral, and inferior segments. When there was a difference of more than 15 degrees in the mean of pixel phase values in each segment, the motion abnormality was judged to be present. The sensitivity was 90% in Group I and 25% in Group II, respectively, and the specificity was 86% in Group III. In the LAO phase images, when the standard deviation of phase values within the LV was more than 10 degrees, the motion abnormality was judged to be present. The sensitivity was 100% in Group I and 71% in Group II, respectively, and the specificity was 91% in Group III. In UCT, the sensitivity was 73% in Group I and 12% in Group II, respectively, and the specificity was 100% in Group III. Thus, the RAO phase image is rewarding in evaluating the site of the motion abnormality, and the LAO phase image is also helpful in the detection. On the other hand, it was difficult to detect the abnormality of wall motion of the apical region by UCT.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Follow-up studies of children treated with a long-term intravenous nutrition (IVN) during the neonatal period.

The outcome of the 28 children treated with intravenous nutrition (IVN) for more than 4 wk during the neonatal period was investigated. Ten of the 28 children had a normal length of small bowel (group 1) and the other 18 children had a short bowel (group 2). Eight of these 28 children (4 in group 1 and 4 in group 2) died during or after cessation of IVN; three died from complication of IVN and 5 died from their initial disease. On physical examination, delay in catch-up growth was observed in the early postoperative period, particularly in children in group 2, but this diminished with time. Mental and emotional development showed both groups to be within the normal range, except for two children. Intellectual function was also normal in five children over the age of 4 yr who were examined. Hepatic dysfunction was noticed during IVN in 30.0% in group 1 and 66.7% in group 2, indicating that the longer the duration of IVN, the higher the incidence of liver damage. Furthermore, histologic abnormalities in these neonates lasted for a longer time. These results imply that long-term IVN during the neonatal period in surgical patients does not interfere with physical and developmental growth. However, careful and long-term follow-up of liver function after IVN is necessary.

Child↗