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Biomedical subjects

M Nakano

Publications and source records attributed to M Nakano.

At least 883 records · Page 49Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Quaternary ammonium glucuronide of croconazole in rabbits.

1. A water-soluble croconazole glucuronide was isolated from the urine of rabbits dosed intravenously with croconazole, using XAD-2 column chromatography, reversed-phase RP-8 column chromatography and h.p.l.c. 2. beta-Glucuronidase hydrolysis liberated unchanged croconazole from the glucuronide. 3. Secondary ion mass spectra, i.r. and n.m.r. spectroscopic studies, including two-dimensional n.m.r. techniques (ROESY and HETCOR), showed the metabolite to be a quaternary ammonium glucuronide of croconazole: i.e. a chemical bond exists between a nitrogen, having sp2 type orbital, in the imidazole ring of croconazole and the anomeric carbon of glucuronic acid. 4. The urinary excretion of the glucuronide amounted to 2.8 +/- 0.7% of dose (mean +/- SD, n = 4) in rabbits.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Effects of ML-9 on experimental delayed cerebral vasospasm.

Experimental delayed cerebral vasospasm was produced in a two-hemorrhage canine model. The spastic basilar artery was exposed via the transclival route under a surgical microscope and was dilated by the topical application of 1-(5-chloronaphthalenesulfonyl)-1H-hexa-1,4-diazepine (ML-9), a selective antagonist of myosin light chain kinase. Dilation was dose-dependent, with a median effective dose (+/- standard deviation) of 51.4 +/- 6.9 microM. In addition, 50 microM of ML-9 was injected into the cisterna magna until the intracranial pressure (ICP) reached 200 mm H2O for 30 minutes, including a complete reversal of angiographic delayed vasospasm in three of seven dogs; in contrast, 150 microM of ML-9 was infused at 1.52 ml/min into the vertebral artery for 30 minutes, producing little dilation of the spastic basilar artery. In another study, the intracisternal perfusion of 50 microM of ML-9 at 1.48 ml/min for 30 minutes in dogs with an ICP of less than 200 mm H2O produced no serious electroencephalographic abnormalities, and the mean arterial blood pressure and pulse rate remained normal; no neurological deficits or significant histological abnormalities ascribable to the intracisternal ML-9 were found.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1989

[Surgical treatment of subglottic stenosis in children--laryngotracheal plastic surgery with autogenous costal cartilage graft].

We performed laryngotracheal plastic surgery by transplantation of autogenous costal cartilage graft in 9 cases of subglottic stenosis (2 with congenital type and 7 with acquired type). Of 9 cases, 3 cases had the lesion after long-term intubation, 2 cases after tracheotomy and 2 cases after laryngo-tracheo-bronchitis. Five cases aged one year and the remaining 4 cases 2 years, 3 years, 4 years and 6 years old, respectively. We could successfully decannulate in all the 9 cases after our plastic surgery. The period from surgical treatment to decannulation varied from 9 days to 6 months. However, 8 cases were decannulated in 2 months after surgery. Cotton et al (1978) did not use any stents in their treatment for subglottic stenosis, but we did in all of our cases. We preferred stents of the silicone Y-tube, and the recommendable duration of cannulation is 4 weeks.

Cartilage↗
PubMed1989

[Two cases of amylase-producing lung cancer].

In 1951, Weiss et al. first reported a case of an amylase-producing lung cancer. Since then, reports on immunohistochemical, ultrastructural, and biochemical studies have been published. We recently have experienced two autopsy cases of lung cancer that manifested high amylase activity in the serum, urine, and pleural effusions. Histologically, both lung cancers were classified as being well differentiated adenocarcinomas, and immunohistochemically, the tumor cells showed positive immunoreactivity for amylase. This paper discusses the histogenesis of amylase-producing lung cancers and cases found in the literature.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

[Intra-arterial injection of cisplatin suspension in Lipiodol (LPS) in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma].

Cisplatin suspension in Lipiodol (LPS) was prepared for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma by intra-hepatic arterial injection. In a rabbit liver cancer model, concentrations of cisplatin in tumor were more than 20 times higher than those in a nontumorous part of the liver at 5 min after LPS injection into the hepatic artery. Cisplatin at high concentrations was detected at 7 days after injection. The concentrations in other organs were lower except in the gall-bladder. In clinical trials for 71 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, partial response was observed in 33 cases (46.5%) and minor response in 20 cases (28.2%). The survival rate was 77% at 6 month and 55% at one year. Although fever, nausea, vomiting and epigastralgia were observed as side effects, these were temporary. Acute gastroduodenal mucosal lesions, cholecystitis, pancreatitis, delayed jaundice and hepatic encephalopathy were observed as complications and super selective cannulation was necessary for their prevention.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Early complications after hepatic porto-jejunostomy in biliary atresia].

Postoperative complications which developed within three years after hepatic porto-jejunostomy (Kasai's operation) in 126 patients of biliary atresia were analyzed. Ascending cholangitis developed in 47 of 97 bile excreted patients. The excretion of bile ceased in another 18 patients without any symptom of cholangitis. Adhesive ileus, bleeding from the porta hepatis, wound dehiscence, and anastomotic leak developed less frequently. The mortality rate of the patients with these complications, especially with cholangitis or with cessation of the bile excretion, was extremely high; twenty nine (62%) out of 47 patients with cholangitis, and 14(78%) out of 18 patients with cessation of the bile excretion died. On the other hand, the mortality rate in 24 patients with bile excretion but without any postoperative complication was only 8% (2 patients). An intussusception type antireflux valve in the Roux-en-Y loop was effective for preventing cholangitis; cholangitis developed in none of 8 patients with an anti-reflux valve, whereas cholangitis developed in 25(48%) of recent 52 patients without a valve.

Biliary Atresia↗
PubMed1989

Antioxidant activity of probucol. Short communication.

To evaluate a possible antioxidant activity of probucol on NADPH-dependent microsomal lipid peroxidation and on iron-doxorubicin (adriamycin) complex-induced phospholipid peroxidation, the effects were compared with another powerful antioxidant, 2-OH-estrone. Antioxidant activity of 10 mumol/l probucol in NADPH-dependent microsomal lipid peroxidation corresponded to 4 mumol/l 2-OH-estrone. Together with the results obtained from iron-doxorubicin complex-induced phospholipid peroxidation, it was concluded that probucol is a potent inhibitor of lipid peroxidation and has one-quarter to one-half the antioxidant activity of 2-OH-estrone in vitro.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[A study of rheumatoid arthritis patients associated with biopsy-proven secondary amyloidosis].

Reactive systemic amyloidosis associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was studied clinically in 28 patients (2 men and 26 women). The diagnosis of amyloidosis was established by histological examination of biopsy materials. Upper gastrointestinal tract biopsy was performed in 14 patients, and renal and rectal biopsy in 8 and 4 respectively. The mean age and duration of RA at diagnosis of amyloidosis were 58.6 (range 35-72) years and 15.5 (range 4-44) years respectively. Almost all patients had intractable and progressive courses of RA. Serological activities determined by C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rates were moderate to high in over 80% of the cases. Renal abnormalities were noticed in 19 cases, and gastrointestinal disorders in 10. Eight patients died from 1 to 54 (mean 15.3) months after the diagnosis of amyloidosis; 5 died of renal failure and 2 of gastrointestinal involvements. Renal impairments progressed frequently and serum creatinine elevated over 1.5 mg/dl in another 8 cases. Five patients progressing to renal failure were treated with hemodialysis. Three died within several weeks after the induction of hemodialysis, although 2 were treated for more than 2 years. Intractable hypotension and pulmonary congestion were frequently observed in these cases. A close relationship was found between serum amyloid A protein (SAA) and CRP concentration, so that the measurement of SAA seemed to be valuable in assessing disease activity. Concerning the treatment of amyloidosis, cyclophosphamide and corticosteroids seemed to be effective in several cases, although it had been unsatisfactory in most cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Primary carcinoma of the female urethra].

An 80-year-old female patient with urethral carcinoma is reported. A red, easily bleeding mass at the urethral meatus was diagnosed as transitional cell carcinoma by biopsy. Complete resection of the urethra and tubeless cystostomy were performed. Postoperative M-VAC therapy a combination of methotrexate, vinblastine, adriamycin and cisplatin was employed.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Changes of bacterial flora on inbred mouse strains using experimental dental caries model].

In the experimental dental caries model using inbred mouse strains, the bacterial flora of lower molars were investigated during the process of caries induction to examine the differences of bacterial flora between the caries susceptive mouse strains (BALB/cA, C57BL/6N) and the caries resistant mouse strain (C3H/HeN), as well as the relation between the bacterial flora and Streptococcus faecalis that seemed to be the pathogen of caries on this caries model. The total cultivable bacterial number immediately after weaning (3 weeks old) was larger in the caries susceptive strains than in the caries resistant strain. The composition of Gram(+) cocci, Gram(+)rods and Gram(-)rods varied in each strain and Gram(-)cocci were not isolated from any of the strains. The proportion of Gram(+)cocci to the total cultivable bacterial number was larger in the caries susceptive strains than in the caries resistant strain, while S. faecalis was the most predominant species in Gram(+)cocci in all strains. It suggests that S. faecalis existed indigenously on the lower molars of mice at the time of weaning (3 weeks old). The total cultivable bacterial number increased in all strains as feeding with Diet-2000 which contains 30% sucrose started. The number reached its peak on the fifth week, and it either remained the same or slightly declined after that. The number of S. faecalis also reached the peak between third and fifth week. The order of 10(5) - to 10(6) S. faecalis was isolated from the caries susceptive strains, and the order of 10(4) from the caries resistant strain throughout the experimental period. It suggests that C3H/HeN (the caries resistant strain) mice have certain caries resistant factors in the genetic background. Toward the end of the experimental period, S. acidominimus in the caries susceptive mice and Staphylococcus sciuri in the caries resistant mice increased and replaced S. faecalis. Gram(+)rods also increased in the caries susceptive strains. It seems that Gram(+)rods have some relation with the progress of advanced dental caries.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Principal component analysis of the masticatory motion path during gum chewing].

This study examined the characteristics of masticatory motion path using multivariate analysis. Principal component analysis was selected as the method and various important results were revealed as follows; Approximately 70% of the information describing gum chewing motion was explained by three principal components. From factor loading, the first principal component explains back and forth movement from the end of the opening phase to the closed position, the second principal component explains left to right movement at the onset of the mouth opening phase, and the third principal component explains left and right movement at about the position of maximum opening. Using scatter diagrams combining the first and second principal components, as well as the first and third principal components, we were able to recognize delicate differents among the subjects, but to the different strokes of any subject, characteristic patterns were emerged.

Chewing Gum↗