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Biomedical subjects

M Mostert

Publications and source records attributed to M Mostert.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Beta-endorphin-like and alpha-MSH-like immunoreactivities in human milk.

We measured with radioimmunoassay the beta-endorphin-like and alpha-MSH-like immunoreactivities in milk and plasma of 8 lactating women. Mean beta-endorphin concentrations ( +/- SD) were 16.6 +/- 6.7 fmol/ml in milk and 9.9 +/- 4.1 fmol/ml in plasma. alpha-MSH concentrations (mean +/- SD) were 39.4 +/- 15.5 pg/ml in milk and 18.2 +/- 8.4 pg/ml in plasma. The concentrations of both peptides in milk were significantly (p less than 0.05) higher than in plasma. No significant correlation between milk and plasma concentrations of these peptides was found.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

The behaviour of pyruvate dehydrogenase in circulating lymphocytes from diabetic children.

The basal and total pyruvate dehydrogenase activities were assayed in circulating lymphocytes from children with juvenile diabetes at diagnosis and after five days of insulin therapy and from control subjects. In untreated diabetic children, basal and total pyruvate dehydrogenase activities were deeply decreased and both showed very similar values; whereas, in control subjects basal activity was about 30% lower than total activity. In diabetic patients treated with insulin (in vivo situation), both basal and total activity levels were equal or even higher than those of the control subjects. The incubation of lymphocytes from diabetic patients with insulin (5 microU/ml) (in vitro situation) stimulates, but less than in vivo, the basal and total pyruvate dehydrogenase activities.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1989

[Serum prealbumin standards in the neonatal period].

Serum prealbumin standards for the first and sixth days of life have been determined by immunoprecipitation ascertained with kinetic nephelometry in two samples of healthy newborns, born at term and of normal weight.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1988

Growth and development in simple obesity.

It is well known that fat children tend to be taller than their peers and to present a slight acceleration of skeletal and pubertal maturation. To verify this tendency and to examine some of the points that are still controversial, auxological data were studied concerning 303 subjects (141 males and 162 females, aged 6-16 years) affected by simple obesity. Subjects were seen to be taller than average by about 1 SD from 6 to 9 years of age, becoming close to or shorter than average at later ages. Height below the 10th percentile was common in 17% of males and 8% of females, due to hereditary shortness, growth delay or late puberty. Girls had early puberty and menarche; the rate of sexual maturation was variable in boys.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Intraoperative use of laser Doppler in the study of cerebral microvascular circulation.

Laser Doppler (LD) flowmetry has been used for evaluation of microcirculatory flow in a variety of human tissues, including skin, muscle, retina and recently the brain. In the present paper, intraoperative Laser Doppler recordings have been performed in 72 cases, in basal conditions and after stimulation. The morphology of basal recordings obtained from normal cortical areas were analyzed and three different rhythmical variations were identified; these rhythmical variations are described and explained. Several kinds of stimulation have been used: hypotensive drugs, mannitol, nimodipine, eupaverine, hypercapnia, decompressive manoeuvres and temporary occlusion of the ICA in the neck. Laser Doppler recordings obtained during and after these stimulations are reported and explained. The results have been evaluated in order to verify the reliability and the reproducibility of this technique in the study of the cerebral microvascular circulation intraoperatively.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Effects of insulin on pyruvate dehydrogenase in circulating lymphocytes from normal and diabetic rats.

1. The in vivo and in vitro conditions which allow a response of rat circulating lymphocyte PDH to insulin are investigated. 2. In vivo tests show that inactive PDH (PDHi) prevails in diabetic rats and active PDH (PDHa) in hyperinsulinemic rats; in treated with insulin diabetic rats the PDHa/PDHi ratio (1.7) is similar to that of normal rats (PDHa/PDHi ratio = 2). 3. In vitro tests show a responsiveness of PDH to insulin only when 50 microM Ca2+ -Mg2+ and intact lymphocytes are used in the incubation medium. Insulin concentrations and contact time are important variables.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Insulin modulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase in human circulating lymphocytes.

1. In human circulating lymphocytes pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex is present in the active (PDHa) and inactive (PDHi) forms. 2. PDHi conversion into PDHa is stimulated when intact lymphocytes are incubated with 5 microU/ml insulin at pH 7.4, for 15 min at 37 degrees C in a medium supplemented with 50 microM Ca2+-Mg2+. 3. The generation of a mediator is strongly suggestive since a cell free preparation from circulating lymphocytes, treated as above described, still stimulates PDHi----PDHa conversion, when combined with either disrupted or intact lymphocytes.

Calcium↗
PubMed1988

Transient hyperphosphatasemia of infancy. Fifteen new cases.

Alkaline phosphatase was assayed as part of the routine examinations performed in all children hospitalized for the first time in our ward. Fifteen children had transient hyperphosphatasemia of infancy (THI). Their clinical features suggested the presence of an infectious agent.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1987

Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathies: a genetic and epidemiological study in the province of Turin, Italy.

A clinical, genetic and epidemiological study of hereditary motor and sensory neuropathies (HMSN) was performed in the province of Turin, Italy. The patients were allocated to 5 groups, according to genetic and electroneurographic features. The high proportion of males among recessive and sporadic cases in the present series may suggest the existence of a recessive X-linked form of the disease. The crude prevalence rate was 3.18 (+/- 0.72)/100.000 population for all cases. The slow progression rate and the frequently mild symptoms of the disease, already suggested in literature, are confirmed by the analysis of the survival curves of the cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Evidence of an insulin generated pyruvate dehydrogenase stimulating factor in rat brain plasma membranes.

1. The results of this study indicates that the binding of insulin to brain plasma membranes activates a membrane protease which, by a trypsin like mechanism, produces a soluble factor that modulates the PDH behaviour when added to brain mitochondria. 2. The supernatant from brain plasma membranes incubated with 0.5 mg/ml trypsin added to mitochondria increases PDH activity levels and cancels PDH inhibition by NaF, as has already been seen when the plasma membranes are incubated with 25 microU/ml insulin. No such effects are obtained when the incubation is run out with 0.5 mg/ml chymotrypsin. 3. The supernatants from insulin or trypsin treated plasma membranes retain their activating properties on mitochondrial PDH also after dansylation; from these preparations a dansylated active on PDH material was separated by monodimensional chromatography on HPTLC silica Gel plates, using chloroform/1-butanol (93:7 v/v) as a solvent. 4. Insulin incubation of plasma membranes pretreated with protease inhibitors (leupeptin, phenylmethylsulfonylfluoride) or with exogenous trypsin, but not chymotrypsin substrates (esters of arginine and tyrosine) yields an inactive supernatant on PDH. 5. Insulin treated plasma membrane supernatants lose all stimulating properties on PDH after incubation for 1 hr with 2 mg/ml trypsin or chymotrypsin.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Development of thyroid function between VI-IX month of fetal life in humans.

Well-preserved thyroid glands from 28 fetuses 22-34 weeks of gestational age and from 4 term newborns who survived at most 12 days were examined to study thyroid development in late intrauterine life. Total iodine thyroglobulin (Tg), T4, T3 and rT3 were assayed before and after hydrolysis with pronase. In the same maternity unit the cord-serum of 25 healthy term newborns was also assayed and the urine iodine on the day of delivery was tested in 52 newborns and their mothers. Results are expressed as mean values +/- SD. The thyroid gland weight ratio to body weight for the preterms was 0.063 +/- 0.024; thyroid Tg content 5.9 +/- 4.0 mg/g; total thyroid iodine 41.7 +/- 35.1 micrograms/g; Tg iodination 0.72 +/- 0.37%; hormone quota of Tg iodine 39.9 +/- 12.4. Molar ratios were: T4/Tg 3.3 +/- 1.6, T3/Tg 0.25 +/- 0.14, rT3/Tg 0.072 +/- 0.059. Considerable differences in thyroid iodine content and Tg iodination were observed although the availability of iodine was presumably the same. The high Tg iodination reflects the enhanced uptake of the fetal thyroid. The quantity of iodine involved in hormonogenesis varied greatly among fetuses of the same gestational age, this being in the third term as active as in fully mature thyroids. Hormonogenesis seemed preferentially directed to production of T4 and rT3, which, in the latter case, is higher peripherically. Four preterms with a particularly low level of hormonogenesis were not seen to have deficient levels of thyroid iodine or Tg iodination and the most compromised step was the iodine utilization in the production of hormones.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Congenital Hypothyroidism↗
PubMed1985

Bethanechol versus antiacids in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux.

To compare the efficacy of bethanechol in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux with that of antiacids, a prospective, cross-over study was undertaken, in which 20 affected infants and children were randomized into two groups on 6-week alternate bethanechol and antiacids oral medication. Patients were evaluated clinically and by esophageal pH-metry before and after each treatment. Clinical score amelioration was achieved earlier than reflux number reduction and with similar incidence in both groups of patients, irrespectively to the initial medication; moreover, the differences in the degree of improvement between the two groups after either treatment were not found to be significant. These results fail to show that bethanechol is more effective than antiacids in controlling gastroesophageal reflux; moreover, bethanechol is more difficult to administer and offers a higher rate of undesired side effects.

Aluminum Hydroxide↗