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Biomedical subjects

M Moser

Publications and source records attributed to M Moser.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Effect of hexobendine and pentoxifylline on the viscosity of erythrocyte suspension].

The effect of hexobendine, pentoxifylline and of the combination Instenon, containing hexobendine, on the dynamic viscosity of blood-isotonic and hyperosmolal suspensions of human and rat erythrocytes was studied. Hexobendine caused a statistically significant reduction of viscosity beginning at 10(-4) M, under hyperosmolal conditions even at 10(-5) M. Instenon was somewhat less active than hexobendine alone at a concentration equivalent to its presence in Instenon. Pentoxifylline did not decrease the viscosity under the selected conditions. The effect of hexobendine is considered due to an increase of red cell flexibility, probably caused by an elevation of the ATP content or by an alteration of the membrane structure of the erythrocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Idiotypic manipulation in mice: BALB/c mice can express the crossreactive idiotype of A/J mice.

The response of A/J mice to arsonate-coupled keyhole limpet hemocyanin is characterized by a crossreactive idiotype (CRIA). CRIA+ antibodies are restricted to the Igh-Ic haplotype and are never expressed in BALB/c mice after immunization with antigen. Studies at the DNA level suggest that the gene encoding the CRIA heavy chain in A/J mice is probably absent in the genome of BALB/c mice. Despite this, using the immunization cascade tool, we have been able to induce the expression of CRIA+ antibodies in BALB/c mice. These studies led to an apparent paradox, whose understanding will provide new insights into the regulatory mechanisms of the immune system. We suggest that clones secreting CRIA-like Igs in BALB/c mice are "somatic variants" that could arise from gene conversion events.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Stepped-care treatment of hypertension.

The stepped-care approach to management of hypertension has proved effective for the majority of hypertensive patients. The use of diuretics as first-step therapy produces normotensive levels in as high a percentage of patients as any of the second-step drugs. Diuretics are easy to titrate and relatively inexpensive, and side effects are not generally serious. Beta blockers may be preferred in certain patients, who in many cases can be identified clinically without special testing. The use of small doses of a diuretic and a second-step agent, such as a beta blocker, may prove more efficacious and cause fewer side effects than larger doses of single agents.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1982

[Investigation of the influence of vigilance on the nystagmic reaction (author's transl)].

A modification of mental arithmetic (MMA) combined with a key press technique was used to raise the patient's level of vigilance during routine investigation of vestibular function. The effect of MMA is studied by comparing succeeding pendular tests under different conditions. Group I: 81 patients had the first pendular test without and the second with MMA. Control group II: 31 patients had the tests in opposite order. The nystagmograms were analysed by computer. The application of the MMA-method resulted in a significantly increased average reaction intensity with differences up to 20% and more, according to the considered nystagmus parameter. This effect does not depend on the chronological order of the tests with or without MMA. On the other hand, in both groups a higher level of vigilance is correlated with less nystagmic beats (5-8%). Therefore, the number of beats does not show the characteristics of typical intensity parameters. The comparison of the absolute values of the analysed parameters shows good reproducibility of the average results under identical circumstances. In the last 4 years the MMA-method turned out to be easily applicable. For all these reasons, this method was included into the routine examination of vestibular system function to raise and keep constant the level of vigilance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Responses to captopril and hydrochlorothiazide in black patients with hypertension.

The effects of captopril (C) in doses of up to 450 mg/day, placebo (P), and hydrochlorothiazide (H) in doses of 50 to 100 mg/day were compared in double-blind studies in 38 black patients. Mean blood pressure response to C was only slightly greater than to P (systolic response difference only). Mean blood pressure responses to H were greater than to C. Results were compared to available data on 185 white and black patients treated similarly. In white patients, response to C was greater than to P, but response to H was approximately equal to that to C. In black patients, results were of the same order as those reported here; the systolic response to C was greater than that to P and response to H was greater than that to C. These data suggest that black and white patients differ in response to certain antihypertensive drugs.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

The management of cardiovascular disease in the elderly.

Elevated blood pressure (either isolated systolic levels above 1150-160 mm Hg, or diastolic/systolic elevations), left ventricular hypertrophy, and possibly decreased high-density lipoproteins (HDL) and increased low-density lipoprotein (LDL) are significant risk factors for cardiovascular disease in the elderly. Treatment of other precursors, such as total cholesterol or triglycerides, is probably not warranted in this group. For the management of hypertension, administration of diuretics with the judicious use of adrenergic inhibitors and vasodilators is indicated. In treating patients who have congestive heart failure, dosages of agents such as digoxin must be carefully adjusted. Antiarrhythmics are generally not well tolerated by the elderly. Whenever possible, polypharmacy should be avoided to prevent adverse interactions.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Isolation of a lethal toxin from Cortinarius orellanus Fr.

The fungal toxin 'orellanine', isolated by Grzymala (10) from Cortinarius orellanus, seems to be a heterogeneous mixture of several toxic and nontoxic substances. We succeeded in isolating a lethal toxin which is sensitive to light and which is striking because of its long latency period. We consider this the main toxin of C. orellanus. Even in extremely high doses of ten times LD 100 mice do not die earlier than 48 hours after application. The paper gives details about the isolation and several properties of this slow acting toxin.

2,2'-Dipyridyl↗
PubMed1981

[Legal aspects of dizziness following craniocerebral injuries].

The examination of dysfunction of equilibrium by pendular test and electronystagmography gives an objective document for subjective troubles. In addition it is possible to differentiate central vestibular disturbances: the central nystagmus writing (écriture centrale) is typical for irritation of the central vestibular system in the course of postcommotional syndrome, while the little nystagmus writing (petite écriture) is produced by impaired cerebro-vascular circulation. Neck torsion nystagmus is also an objective sign for whiplash syndromes. After decline of dizziness nystagmus cannot be registered anymore. The evaluation of central compensation can be documented by pendular rotating test, because perrotatoric reactions of the right and left side are directly confrontated.

Brain Concussion↗