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Biomedical subjects

M Moriyama

Publications and source records attributed to M Moriyama.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Effects of 2-(4-methylaminobutoxy) diphenylmethane hydrochloride (MCI-2016), an omega-aminoalkoxybenzene derivative, on the gastric lesions induced by conditioned emotional stimulus].

Effects of 2-(4-methylaminobutoxy) diphenylmethane hydrochloride (MCI-2016) were studied on gastric lesions induced by conditioned emotional stimulus (CES) in mice. The gastric were produced by the communication box reported by Ogawa et al. The communication box was divided into 48 compartments by transparent plastic walls. Twenty-four mice in each compartment were subjected to footshock through the grid on the floor (sender), and the other 24 mice were not (responder). The mice were subjected to CES for 12 hr. The incidences of the gastric lesions in the responder and sender groups were 72.9 and 98.8%, respectively. MCI-2016 at doses of 20-50 mg/kg (X2), p.o., reduced the incidence of gastric lesions in the responder group; and diazepam at a dose of 2 mg/kg (X2), imipramine at doses of 10 and 20 mg/g (X2), p.o., amitriptyline at doses of 5 and 10 mg/kg, (X2), p.o., and sulpiride 100 mg/kg (X2) reduced the incidences of gastric lesions in the responder group. These findings have indicated that MCI-2016 has an antiulcerative action against gastric erosion induced by CES.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Effects of neurotransmitter candidates on 45Ca uptake by cortical slices of rat brain: stimulatory effect of L-glutamic acid.

The effects of neurotransmitter candidates and the characteristics of the stimulatory effect of L-glutamic acid (L-Glu) on 45Ca uptake by rat brain slices were investigated. 45Ca uptake was significantly stimulated by acetylcholine, serotonin and especially L-Glu, but not by other neurotransmitter candidates. L-Glu caused dose-dependent stimulation of 45Ca uptake (L-Glu-stimulated 45Ca uptake), its effect being half-maximal at 1 microM. The related compounds D-glutamic acid, D,L-alpha-aminoadipic acid and N-methyl-D,L-glutamic acid (final conc. of 10 microM) also stimulated 45Ca uptake, but less than 10 microM L-Glu. D,L-alpha-Methylglutamic acid and L-glutamic acid diethylether (final conc. of 10 microM), which are specific inhibitors of L-Glu, inhibited L-Glu-stimulated 45Ca uptake. Mg,Ca-ATPase activity was hardly affected by a concentration of 10 microM L-Glu that caused maximal stimulation of 45Ca uptake. These findings suggest that L-Glu-stimulated 45Ca uptake by brain cortical slices is linked to L-Glu receptor.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1982

Antitumor effect of polysaccharide lentinan on MH-134 ascites hepatoma in C3H/He mice.

Lentinan inhibited the proliferation of MH-134 ascites hepatoma transplanted subcutaneously. The best result occurred when 1 mg-2 mg/kg of lentinan was administered for 10 consecutive days from the eighth day after tumor transplantation. Tumor proliferation was 33% inhibited as measured by the average tumor diameter. The average survival (days) when chemotherapy with mitomycin-C (MMC), 5-FU and Ara-C in combination with lentinan, was administered concurrently in the second week of the tumor transplantation was 29.2 days as compared to 20.5 days in the untreated group, 25.1 days in the group given lentinan alone, and 22.0 days in the group receiving chemotherapy alone. When lentinan was administered in combination with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the group given lentinan for 5 consecutive days from the third day after tumor transplantation and 30 micrograms LPS i.p. on the thirteenth day, had 70% inhibition of tumor as measured by the average tumor weight. The antitumor activity of lentinan was studied by following changes in macrophage migration inhibition activity (MI). In the untreated group, MI activity disappeared on the 14th day after tumor transplantation. In the group treated with lentinan, spleen cells had positive activity suggesting a restorative action of lentinan on the immune suppression accompanying tumor growth.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Antitumor effect of polysaccharide lentinan on C3H/He mice bearing MH134 ascites hepatoma].

1. Lentinan inhibited the proliferation of MH 134 ascites hepatoma transplanted subcutaneously into C3H/He mice, but its most favorite effect appeared when 1mg-2mg/Kg of lentinan was administered for 10 consecutive days from the eighth day after tumor transplantation, yielding a tumor proliferation-inhibition rate of 33% in the average tumor diameter. 2. In studying the average survival days by the chemotherapy of mitomycin C (MMC), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), and cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) in combination with lentinan, when both of these substances were administered concurrently in the second week of the tumor transplantation, average survival time was 29.2 days as compared to 20.5 days in the untreated group, 25.1 days in the group administered lentinan alone, and 22.0 days in the group receiving chemotherapy alone. 3. When the antitumor activity of lentinan was studied by the change in the macrophage migration inhibition activity (MI), it was found that in the untreated group MI activity disappeared on the 14th day after tumor transplantation, while in the group treated with lentinan observation of a positive activity in the spleen cells suggested a restorative action of lentinan of the immunity suppression accompanying the tumor growth.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Studies on the cytotoxicity, mutagenicity and chromosomal aberration-inducing activity of aclacinomycin A in cultured mammalian cells.

The cytotoxicity mutagenicity and chromosomal aberration-inducing activity of aclacinomycin A were studied using cultured mammalian cells. Aclacinomycin A was found to be a potent inhibitor of RNA synthesis in HeLa S3 cells. The survival curve in the presence of aclacinomycin A exhibited a concentration- and time-dependent cytocidal effect, and showed a sigmoidal shoulder. A cytofluorometric study suggested that aclacinomycin A caused a temporary blockage of cell cycle progression. In mutation assay using V79 cells, aclacinomycin A was shown to induce 8-azaguanine-resistant mutation, being several times more mutagenic than adriamycin. The induction of chromosomal aberrations by aclacinomycin A was also demonstrated. When cells from various sources were treated with aclacinomycin A, they were affected at a similar concentration with the exception of human normal fibroblasts, which were a little less sensitive than the others.

Aclarubicin↗
PubMed1981

[Behavioral and EEG effects of coixol (6-methoxybenzoxazolone), one of the components in Coix Lachryma-Jobi L. var. ma-yuen Stapf].

Coixol (6-methoxybenzoxazolone) contained in Coix Lachryma-Jobi L. var. ma-yuen Stapf was compared with chlorzoxazone with respect to behavioral and EEG effects in mice and rats. Coixol 50-100 mg/kg, i.p. decreased locomotor activities of both species and produced hypothermia in rats. These effects of coixol were the same in potency as chlorzoxazone given in the same dose. Coixol was approximately twice as potent as chlorzoxazone in potentiating thiopental-induced sleep. This compound attenuated the writhing syndrome induced by 1% acetic acid and increased the threshold to jumping response induced by foot shock, to the same degree as seen with chlorzoxazone. Coixol was equipotent to chlorzoxazone in preventing convulsions induced by maximal electro-shock, while it was about 1.5 times more potent than chlorzoxazone in suppressing pentylenetetrazol-induced convulsion. Coixol 20-100 mg/kg inhibited the lever pressing response of hypothalamic self-stimulation in rats. In rats with chronically implanted electrodes, coixol 50-100 mg/kg induced drowsy patterns on the spontaneous EEG. The EEG arousal response to the external auditory stimulation was inhibited by the same doses of coixol, whereas it failed to suppress the arousal response to the midbrain reticular stimulation. These results indicate that coixol has pharmacological properties qualitatively similar to chlorzoxazone and acts as a central muscle relaxant with an anti-convulsant effect.

Analgesics↗
PubMed1980

Venous reconstruction by endvenectomy with temporary arteriovenous fistula for stasis syndrome of lower extremity: experimental and clinical studies.

Effect of the temporary arteriovenous fistula on venous reconstruction for stasis syndrome of the lower extremity was studied experimentally and clinically. The canine iliac vein was replaced with an autogenous vein graft in which the intimal surface was roughened by scrubbing with sponge. A temporary arteriovenous fistula which was closed surgically three or four weeks later was created between the femoral vessels. The patency rate for twenty-one grafts was 80.9 per cent for one to thirty-six weeks (mean 8 weeks), in contrast to complete failure in the control group in which no arteriovenous fistula was created. Adequate healing of the luminal surface of the grafts were experimentally demonstrated by light microscopic examination and en face silver staining of the endothel-like cells with the aid of patent arteriovenous fistula for three weeks. This procedure was clinically applied in four patients with stasis syndrome of the lower extremities. Good function of the reconstructed venous segments in three of four patients was observed for the last 3 to 8 years after the operations. A looping technique using 2-0 monfilament nylon around the fistula devised by us was very helpful to make easy the shunt closure later. Open endvenectomy with a temporary arteriovenous fistula is believed to be an acceptable approach for segmental chronic occlusive lesion in the iliac vein.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Long-term results of reconstructive surgery for aorto-iliac arterial occlusive lesions.

We report a review of 215 reconstructions for aorto-iliac arterial occlusive lesions, involving 156 patients. At 13 years, the cumulative patency rate of 158 aorto-femoral or aorto-iliac dacron synthetic bypass prostheses was 71.6 per cent as compared to 52.7 per cent at 5 years for 22 blunt endarterectomies and 47.4 per cent at 6 years for 35 axillo-femoral bypass prostheses. Of the 158 synthetic bypass prostheses, the cumulative patency rate at 13 years was 85.1 per cent in cases with no occlusive involvement of the peripheral arteries, significantly higher (p less than 0.03) than the 39.3 per cent patency rate at 7 years in cases in which associated femoro-popliteal occlusive lesions were not treated. At 12 years, the patency rate was 53.2 per cent in cases in which associated femoro-popliteal occlusive lesions were treated during the same reconstructive intervention, i.e. markedly higher (p less than 0.08) than in patients in whom the degree of outflow in the distal vessels was poor. Our findings indicated that, in order to achieve a satisfactory long-term patency rate, it is important to treat associated occulusive lesions in the femoro-popliteal arteries.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Long-term results of reconstructive surgery for femoro-popliteal arterial occlusive lesions.

A retrospective review of 156 reconstructions performed for femoro-popliteal arterial occlusive lesions in 141 patients was carried out in terms of the reconstructive procedure and the degree of out-flow in the distal vessel. The cumulative patency rate for 95 autogenous vein grafts was 60.7 per cent at 12 years and higher than the 27.4% patency rate for 50 endarterectomies (p less than 0.001). All of 11 synthetic bypass prostheses failed with late thrombosis within 3 years after operation. The cumulative patency rate in cases with good distal run-off vessel and those with fair distal run-off vessel were 77.1% at 11 years and 57.3% at 12 years, respectively, and these values were significantly superior to 10.3% in cases with poor distal run-off vessel. The patency rate for 41 in situ grafts was 72.2%, being superior to 65.5% for 42 free grafts.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Comparative study on the fibrinolytic activity of pseudointima in varying types of autovein grafting.

Three types of autovein grafting procedures have been commonly employed for peripheral arterial reconstruction, that is, non-reversed, reversed and in-situ autovein grafting, and these procedures were comparatively studied in dogs to assess the best one for grafting. In the fibrinolytic activity of the internal surface of the grafts, as measured by standard fibrin plate method and Todd's fibrin slide technique, the in-situ autovein graft showed the highest activity, 139.5% in the mean, followed by 18% (mean) in the reversed autovein graft and 5.2% (mean) in the nonreversed autovein graft. The extent of fibrous proliferation of the pseudointima was least in the in-situ graft followed by the reversed and the non-reversed graft. These results suggest that preservation of the vasa vasorum is the most important factor to minimize fibrous proliferation of the graft pseudointima and to maintain high fibrinolytic activity on the internal surface of the graft. Consequently, the in-situ autovein grafting appears to be the most suitable method to ensure peripheral arterial continuity following surgical reconstruction.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Hysteria and urbanization.

The statistics of neuropsychiatric clinics in two general hospitals in Sendai City were analyzed to investigate the relation between the incidence of hysteria and the urbanization in terms of population density. The proportion of hysteric women to total female patients had decreased in both clinics in recent years. The incidence of hysteric patients seemed to decrease in almost all population sizes of their residential administrative units except for in a couple of population sizes. The incidence of hysteric patients was relatively high in the satellites of the Sendai metropolis. It might be a loss of traditional sociocultural ties in the urbanizing process that increases the risk of hysteria.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Immunochemotherapy of gastric cancer with levamisole.

In 156 cases of gastric cancer, levamisole (LMS) was administered at a daily dose of 150 mg for three consecutive days every other week. The administration was started 3 days before operation. This medication was repeated for more than one month. The survival rate up to two years after surgery was studied. The survival rate was not affected in patients with Stage I and II gastric cancer, but in patients with Stage III, the difference in the survival rate between the LMS group and the control group was significantly higher than that in the control group (p less than 0.05). In patients with Stage IV, the survival rate in the LMS group was higher than that in the control group although the difference was not significant. In patients of Stage III and IV, the effect of LMS on the survival rate was highest in cases with curative resection (p less than 0.01). In cases with noncurative resection, the difference between the LMS group and the control group was greatest (24.4%) 12 months after surgery but not significant (p less than 0.5), and also in cases without resection the difference between the two groups was greatest (20.3%) 12 months after surgery but not significant (p less than 0.2).

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗