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Biomedical subjects

M Morin

Publications and source records attributed to M Morin.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Hypoglycemia: a factor associated with low survival rate of neonatal piglets infected with transmissible gastroenteritis virus.

The main purpose of this work was to study changes in the balance of fluids, electrolytes and blood metabolites in neonatal piglets with severe transmissible gastroenteritis. Six two day old conventional piglets were infected with transmissible gastroenteritis virus while six others were used as normal controls. Blood samples were collected in heparin when the infected piglets were moribund. The following variables were measured: packed red cell volume, total plasma protein and bicarbonate, blood pH, blood urea nitrogen and plasma glucose, creatinine, chloride, inorganic phosphorus, sodium, potassium, magnesium and calcium. Vomiting and diarrhea appeared 12 to 24 hours postinoculation in the infected piglets and they were moribund one or two days later. Before becoming moribund, most of the piglets fell rapidly into a lethargic and comatose state. The most evident changes in their blood variables were an increase in packed cell volume, total protein, blood urea nitrogen, phosphorus and magnesium levels and a decrease in pH and bicarbonate concentration as well as a severe hypoglycemia. The results suggest that severe hypoglycemia coupled with metabolic acidosis and dehydration might be an important factor contributing to the high mortality rates caused by transmissible gastroenteritis in neonatal piglets. The hypoglycemia results from a combination of the inadequate glucose metabolism inherent to neonatal piglets and the acute maldigestion and malabsorption resulting from the diffuse and severe villous atrophy induced by the virus.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Peculiar clinical and x-ray computed tomographic aspects in Sturge-Weber disease. Bilateral occipital calcifications without facial angioma].

Early and specific data on the typical calcifications seen in Sturge-Weber's syndrome are provided by computed tomography. The importance of this investigation is emphasized by the fact that standard radiographs and arteriography do not always produce clearcut results--facial angioma, epilepsy, mental retardation, hemiplegia, hemianopsia--the symptomatology can be less evident and even minimal.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Comparison of the induction of pulmonary neoplasms in Sprague-Dawley rats by fission neutrons and radon daughters.

Pulmonary carcinomas were recorded in a life-span experiment of male Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to fission neutrons. Mortality-corrected prevalences are obtained by the method of isotonic regression. In a second part of the paper a comparison is made with data obtained earlier for radon-daughter inhalations in the same strain of rats. A simultaneous maximum likelihood analysis is applied jointly to all experimental groups from the radon inhalation and the fission neutron study. The dependence of the resulting coefficients for the different groups on absorbed dose or inhalation dose permits a derivation of equivalence ratios. At low doses the equivalence ratio is 3 WLM (working level months) of radon-daughter exposure to 1 mGy of fission neutrons. At higher doses the equivalence ratio decreases. The neutron data are also utilized to derive mortality-corrected lifetime incidences of pulmonary carcinomas in the exposed animals. At low doses the relation is consistent with linearity, but sublinearity (dose exponent less than 1) cannot be excluded.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Arterial injuries.

The authors review arterial injuries in 68 patients treated at Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital in Montreal between 1975 and 1982. Penetrating trauma caused 54.4% of these injuries, which consisted of either laceration or intimal tear with thrombosis. Arterial injuries of the extremities were predominant (58.8%). Associated injuries were frequent. Surgical repair was effected in 60 patients. End-to-end anastomosis, angioplasty and venous or prosthetic bypass grafting were the techniques used. Postoperative complications occurred in 37% of the patients. Overall mortality was 19% and was related mainly to aortic injury. The amputation rate for arterial injuries of the extremities was 15%. Prompt recognition and treatment of arterial injuries are important in order to achieve the best results.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1983

Experimental transmission of intestinal coccidiosis to piglets: clinical, parasitological and pathological findings.

Twenty-eight piglets coming from a "specific pathogen free" herd were inoculated at three days of age with 50 000 or 100 000 sporulated oocysts of Isospora suis. Fecal samples were examined for oocyst shedding daily and several clinical parameters were recorded. Ten piglets were used as normal controls. Groups of piglets were euthanized from three days to 12 days postinoculation and routine necropsies were performed. Bacteriological, virological, parasitological and histopathological examinations were made on the intestinal tracts. The incubation period was four to five days. Clinical signs and microscopic intestinal lesions observed in the experimentally infected animals were similar to those reported in spontaneous cases of porcine neonatal coccidiosis. Lesions of villous atrophy in the small intestine seemed to result from the destruction of villous epithelial cells mainly during the peak of asexual reproduction which occurred around four to five days postinoculation. Intracellular coccidial organisms were difficult to find during the late atrophic and villous regrowth stages of the intestinal lesions. The prepatent period varied from four to seven days and the most common was five days. Eighty percent of the piglets kept alive more than four days postinoculation have shed oocysts. Piglets dosed with old sporulated oocysts (ten months old) shed many more oocysts than those infected with a fresh inoculum (less than two months old). The patent period was not determined precisely with the design of the experiment but some of the infected piglets shed oocysts for at least five days.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Neonatal diarrhea of pigs in Quebec: infectious causes of significant outbreaks.

To evaluate the relative importance of the various enteropathogens causing neonatal diarrhea in Quebec farrowing operations, observations were made on 749 diarrheic pigs from 325 outbreaks of diarrhea. They were one to 15 days of age, and were obtained alive for necropsy generally within 48 hours of the onset of diarrhea. Some pigs were from severe, explosive outbreaks of diarrhea with high morbidity and mortality rates, while others were from herds with chronic neonatal diarrhea with lower morbidity and mortality rates. A combination of bacteriological, virological and histological methods were used to study the pigs. Viruses were incriminated in 60%, bacteria in 23% and coccidia in 15.3% of the 325 diarrhea outbreaks. Transmissible gastroenteritis virus was by far the most common enteropathogen with a prevalence of 52%; rotavirus was implicated in 9.2% of the outbreaks while adenovirus was incriminated in 0.30% of the outbreaks. Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli were involved in 22.4% of the cases while Clostridium perfringens type C was an occasional finding. Coccidia involved in our herds were identified as Isospora suis. The disease was attributed to infection with a single etiologic agent in 590 diarrheic pigs (78%) while combinations of agents were present in only 90 (12%). The age-specific occurrence of the various enteropathogens was evaluated. Transmissible gastroenteritis virus was the most common enteropathogen in all age groups. Colibacillosis was common in pigs which became diarrheic under five days of age; in this age group, the enterotoxigenic E. coli were frequently found alone, but were usually combined with other agents in older pigs. The prevalence of coccidia was high in pigs which became diarrheic between five and 15 days of age. Rotavirus infection was common in diarrheic pigs older than ten days of age. Although individual baby pigs were commonly infected with a single enteropathogen, it was very common to see more than one agent involved in an outbreak of diarrhea, particularly when pigs of different ages were affected. Observations on the occurrence of the enteropathogens according to the seasons were also made. Occurrence of transmissible gastroenteritis was throughout the year with the highest prevalence during the fall, winter and spring months. Colibacillosis and coccidiosis were more common in the summer, fall and early winter months with the lowest prevalence in the spring months.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1983

[Castleman's pseudotumor. Apropos of a case with pelvic localization].

The authors report a case of a pelvic site of a Castleman pseudo-tumour, still called angio-follicular hyperplasia or lympho-vascular hamartoma. This disorder of unknown aetiology may be situated anywhere along the lymphatic chains (70% of cases in the mediastinum). It is often associated with immuno-haematological disorders. Suitable for surgical treatment, the course is always favourable.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Parathyroid adenoma in children. A new case].

The case reported concerns a 13 year-old girl presenting with a palpable parathyroid adenoma. Impairment of general condition, weight loss and abdominal pain were the presenting symptoms. Surgical excision of the adenoma led to recovery. The main clinical and laboratory signs of tumoral hyperparathyroidism are reviewed, the misleading character of the presenting symptoms being emphasized.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1982

A natural outbreak of bovine respiratory disease caused by bovine respiratory syncytial virus.

An outbreak of respiratory disease occurred in a herd of 34 calves and 5 cows in a barn. The disease which affected 24 calves and 1 cow, was characterized by coughing, fever, anorexia, nasal discharge and pulmonary rales. Two calves died 5 days after the disease outbreak and were necropsied. Bronchitis, bronchiolitis and alveolitis were among the lesions observed in these calves. Bovine respiratory syncytial virus was detected, in lung sections of the dead calves and also in nasal washings of some of the calves and one cow, by the direct fluorescent antibody technique and/or cell culture method. Seroconversion to the virus was detected in most animals tested.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Diagnosis of septic abortion in dairy cows].

During a two year period, March 1977 to April 1979, a total of 92 bovine abortions were studied. The cause of abortion was determined in 34.8% of the cases examined. Opportunistic bacteria, the most commonly diagnosed cause of abortion, accounted for 31.2% of the cases. Leptospirosis was associated with 28.1% of the abortions, infectious bovine rhinotracheitis and fungi in respectively 15.7%, bovine viral diarrhea in 6.2%. A congenital abnormality accounted for one case (3.1%). In 23 cases (25%), there was no definitive diagnosis, in spite of evidence of experience with pathogen or suggestive findings of pathology, but insufficient evidence to warrant diagnosis. No findings were recorded in 35.8% of the (possibly noninfectious) cases and in only four cases (4.4%), specimens were unsatisfactory for examination.

Abortion, Septic↗
PubMed1980

Malignant bone tumours induced by a local injection of colloidal radioactive 144Cerium in rats as a model for human osteosarcomas.

Lung metastases were observed in 80% to 85% of rats bearing advanced malignant bone tumours (osteogenic osteosarcomas and angiosarcomas). These tumours were induced in 2-month-old Sprague-Dawley rats by inoculation of a colloidal suspension of radioactive cerium (144Ce) into the hind leg, in close contact to the bones of the knee joint. Twenty-eight rats were killed or died spontaneously shortly after detection of palpable tumours at the site of injection: the incidence of lung metastases was 73.3% and 53.8%, respectively, for osteogenic sarcomas and angiosarcomas, showing that most lung metastases are present at the time of diagnosis of the primary tumour. Tumour-cell kinetic parameters were studied in 49 rats bearing tumours following intraperitoneal injection of [3H]thymidine. The labelling index (LI) of the primary tumours was significantly lower in advanced tumours (7.2% for osteosarcomas and 10.1% for angiosarcomas) than than in tumors examined at the time of detection (12.2% and 13.5%, respectively). Mitotic indices (MI) of all tumours were less than 1%. From the curve of the percentage of labelled mitoses (PLM) at different times after [3H]thymidine injection, Ts (6.5 h) and TG2 (1.75 h) were determined. TC and TG1 were also evaluated (18 h and 9.25 h, respectively). These results show that malignant bone tumours induced in rats with 144Ce may be a good model for human osteosarcomas and may be useful in studying the numerous problems in the therapy of malignant bone tumours in man.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Granulomatous nephropathy of tuberculous origin revealed by prolonged fever (author's transl)].

In a 66-year-old female patient with a past history of tuberculosis, prolonged fever at 38 degrees C accompanied by a strong increase in ESR ultimately led to the diagnosis of renal cyst. Biopsies of renal tissue and of lymph nodes taken during surgery showed renal granulomatosis without caseum. Despite negative bacterial findings and anergy to tuberculin, an anti-tuberculous treatment was administered and the patient recovered.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Bone tumours induced in rats with radioactive cerium.

A technique is described for the induction of metastasizing bone tumours in rats by local inoculation of 144cerium. Bone sarcomas develop in 90% of the animals and 74% of these had lung metastases. The tumours can be easily cultured and maintained by serial transplantations. Preliminary data of clinical, histological and kinetic characteristics of these bone tumours are given.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[A ten years' experience in the use of a mini-computer system in real time in a clinical biology department (author's transl)].

The objective of this retrospective survey is a mini-computer system conceived ten years ago to treat all numerical information coming from a hospital unit of clinical biology. The options that we chose for its function remain valid on at least two patients: the necessity, for the hardware, to dissociate the treatment of information from the listing of voluminous files (the former should be done in the real time, using a mini-computer system situated inside the department, and the latter should be done in differed time, using a more sophisticated machine situated in a common computer center); the necessity, for the software, to use a common global system, but it cn be cut down to suit the particular need of individual user with whom there should be a permanent collaboration. The results obtained during this time are discussed. They seem sufficiently positive to invite a appraisal re-examination of the use of such systems (in spite of some disenchantment at present), in the light of new possibilities from present progress in shared time computer system.

Chemistry, Clinical↗