Biomedical subjects

M Mondain

Publications and source records attributed to M Mondain.

44 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed1993

[Surgical technique and results of cochlear implant in normal or ossified cochlea].

The authors describe the surgical technique and results of the Nucleus device in 50 recipients. Cochlear ossification was present in one third of patients. Total insertion was possible in all cases with a partial ossification (< or = 8 mm), and once in a case with a total ossification (> 8 mm) of the scala tympani of the basal turn. Results were not significatively different in normal cochleas and in ossified cochleas. The authors describe a per-operative algorithm in front of a basal turn ossification, emphasizing on the insertion in scala vestibuli through the oval window. According to the results, the authors prefer the use of a multi-channel cochlear implant than a monochannel implant, even in ossified cochleas.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1992

Surgical alternatives to uvulopalatopharyngoplasty in sleep apnea syndrome.

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) is the surgery most often performed for sleep apnea syndrome (SAS). However, good results with UPPP, demonstrated by polysomnography, have been reported in only 50% of cases. Failure of UPPP may be caused by: 1) bad management of the SAS, which is better treated in some patients with nasal CPAP than with surgery; and 2) an airway obstruction located not only at the palatopharynx (PP) level. Other surgical procedures to enlarge other sites of obstruction are described. Retro-tongue-base-pharynx (RTBP) surgery is emphasized, including mandibular advancement, hyoid bone suspension, and tongue base reduction. Maxillomandibular advancement is the most efficient technique but also the most complicated.

Airway Obstruction↗

PubMed1992

[Secretory eosinophilia and obstructive rhinitis].

Detecting eosinophilia in the nasal secretions of patients complaining of nasal obstruction makes it possible to identify a group of high risk patients. Hosty use of surgery in these patients carries a high risk of iatrogenic complications and little potential for improvement. The 2 most frequently used methods of obtaining cytologic specimens (swabbing versus washing) were compared in 37 patients with obstructive rhinitis (early stage polyposis and nonallergic rhinitis with eosinophilia syndrome, NARES). Swabbing gave reliable results. Eosinophilia was negligible in a group of 25 control subjects. The mean eosinophil count was 2.5% and only 1 patient had a positive cystogram. The 220 patients which nasal obstruction were classed in 5 groups according to the severity of clinical signs and symptoms. The mean eosinophil count and the percentage of patients with positive cystogram increased with increased severity of the clinical syndrome. 28 patients had uncomplicated obstructive rhinitis, 10 had NARES, 43 had allergic rhinitis, 52 had chronic obstructive rhinitis, and 87 had nasosinal polyposis. The respective mean eosinophil counts were 6.42%, 10.3%, 13.8% 16.8% and 31.4%. The percentage of patients with positive cytograms was respectively, 10.8%, 20%, 23.3%, 28.8% and 54%.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Fibroblast growth factor improves the healing of experimental tympanic membrane perforations.

Topical application of FGF (fibroblast growth factor), a potent mitogen for mesodermal and neuroectodermal cells, was given to promote the healing of tympanic membrane perforations in rats. Calibrated tympanic membrane perforations were performed in 30 rats. At day 0, each rat received 40 microliters of placebo in the right ear and 40 microliters of a solution containing FGF in the left ear at different concentrations. The quality of healing was observed by otomiscroscopy and by light microscopic examination of histological sections. The mean time of closure was significantly shorter in ears receiving an amount of 400 ng FGF (6.1 days), as compared to non-treated ears (8.8 days). Using a higher dose of FGF, the promoting effect was counterbalanced by a high rate of myringitis. Using a dose of 200 ng of FGF, no difference was noticed between placebo group and FGF group.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

[Pharyngo-esophageal risk of surgery of the cervical spine using an anterior approach].

The authors report six cases of pharyngo-oesophageal damage associated with fractures of the cervical spine treated by osteo-synthesis via the anterior route. These complications, not previously described, may have life threatening (especially mediastinitis) and functional consequences. They discuss the relative responsibility of: the initial trauma, which should be better defined by an initial endoscopic assessment. the surgical approach, the principles of which and its dangers and preventive aspects are discussed, early or late fixation failure justifying careful surveillance of the osteosynthesis material and in certain cases its systematic removal.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

[Application of an immunofluorescent technique on a guinea pig cochlear section for the study of endocochlear pathologies].

Experimental evidence suggests the existence of autoimmune mechanisms in the appearance of cochlear pathologies. Following a recall of studies made previously by different authors, we will present an immunofluorescent technique on a guinea pig cochlear section applied to the study of 22 serums of patients with endocochlear pathologies. The goal of this test is to identify the patients with immunologic disorders in order to adapt treatment using immunosuppressive medication. The findings show the existence of antibodies directed against the cell nuclei, or against the endothelium of the cochlear vessels, or against the endosteum of the inner ear. The importance of these findings has yet to be established.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of basic fibroblast growth factor on normal tympanic membrane.

PURPOSE: Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is mitogenic for the cell types that constitute the tympanic membrane and has been shown to potentiate tympanic membrane healing. The purpose of this study is to investigate the direct effect of bFGF application on normal tympanic membrane. MATERIALS AND METHODS: bFGF was applied to the normal tympanic membrane of 10 guinea pigs via either the external auditory external canal or the middle ear. The drug (400 ng) was delivered on days 0, 1, and 2. The contralateral ear was used as a control. The effects were assessed on day 3. RESULTS: The cumulative area and the average area of blood vessel in each session of TM was greater after bFGF application than placebo. The number of vessels remained unchanged. A proliferation of keratinocytes was observed. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that bFGF induces a vasodilatation in the tympanic membrane thereby increasing blood supply. This might explain the acceleration of healing of TM perforations after bFGF application.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Neutralizing antibodies against basic fibroblast growth factor influence the healing of traumatic tympanic membrane perforations.

The beneficial effects of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF or FGF-2) in healing of tympanic membrane (TM) perforations have been demonstrated in animal models, and this study was conducted to investigate the effect of neutralizing anti-FGF-2 antibodies on acute tympanic membrane perforation healing. Anti-FGF-2 rabbit polyclonal antibodies were applied to traumatic TM perforations in guinea-pigs on days 0, 1, 2 and 3, whilst the opposite ear was treated with normal rabbit serum. On day 4, the perforation area was assessed, and the histological structure of the scar was studied. The average opening was larger in the neutralizing anti-bFGF-treated group, but the difference was not statistically significant. Histological analysis showed that scars treated with neutralizing anti-bFGF contained significantly less epithelial cells and less mononuclear cells. They also contained less fibroblasts and less vessels, but this difference was not significant. These data suggest that FGF-2 is one of the factors involved in the control of epithelial cells proliferation and mononuclear cell invasion in the initial phase of TM perforation healing. Neutralizing anti-bFGF antibodies could be of use in reducing the inflammation during the healing of TM perforations or to create animal models of chronic tympanic membrane perforations.

Animals↗