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Biomedical subjects

M Mizuno

Publications and source records attributed to M Mizuno.

At least 595 records · Page 33Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[An autopsy case of primary malignant melanoma of the ovary].

This report presents the first patient in Japan with primary malignant melanoma of the ovary. The patient was a 62-year-old woman with the complaint of progressive left hemiparesis due to metastatic brain tumor. She died in the course of two months. At autopsy, there was a large tumor containing brownish fluid at the right ovary. The inner lining of the tumor was covered with a black friable mass with hairs. Histologically, the tumor was composed of polygonal, melanotic or amelanotic cells. Metastases were found in the cerebrum, uterine cervix, etc. In conclusion, the tumor was thought to be malignant melanoma arising in a dermoid cyst. This is an extremely rare condition, reported in only 12 cases throughout the world. The histological findings and histogenesis are presented and discussed.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1985

[Reliability of the advice given at genetic counselling: follow-up study].

A follow up investigation was carried out in order to estimate the reliability of the advice given at our genetic counselling clinic. Data were collected mainly by questionnaires sent by mail in November, 1983 to 556 clients counselled during the period January, 1976 - December, 1982. The outcome of 444 pregnancies for 361 clients was revealed. They were divided into three groups according to the risks estimated and suggested by the counsellors; below 2% (Group I), 2 - 9% (Group II) and 10% or more (Group III). The following results were obtained. The incidence of those who had not become pregnant following the day of counselling was higher in Groups II and III than in Group I. The rate of spontaneous abortion was higher in Group III than in Groups I and II. The incidence of pregnancies with children affected by birth defects for which the risks were estimated was 1.5% in Group I, 6.5% in Group II and 26.5% in Group III. Six to nine percent of babies of all groups suffered from other diseases such as intrauterine fetal death, congenital anomalies, developmental abnormalities or severe infectious diseases. The recurrence rate for regular trisomic Down's syndrome was 1.8%. These results suggested that the risk estimates and advice were quite reliable and helpful.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1985

[Ruptured cerebral aneurysm associated with aortitis syndrome: a case report].

In rare occasions, patients with aortitis syndrome have cerebral aneurysms and only seven cases have been reported so far. A case of aortitis syndrome complicated with basilar bifurcation aneurysm is reported. A 58-year-old woman, who had been hypertensive for 20 years and was diagnosed as pulseless disease 10 years ago, suddenly had severe headache and became unconscious on Feb. 17, 1983. Spinal tap performed 3 days after the onset demonstrated bloody cerebrospinal fluid. She was referred to our clinic 8 days following the ictus of subarachnoid hemorrhage. On admission, she was drowsy and had headache, neck stiffness, disorientation and left hemiparesis. Pulsation of the left common carotid and left radial artery was unpalpable. Angiography through the intraaortic catheter revealed occlusion of the left common and left subclavian arteries at their origin, confirming aortitis syndrome. Through the patent right vertebral artery, basilar artery was visualized and an aneurysm at the basilar bifurcation was noted. Seven cases reported in the literature were reviewed.

Aortic Arch Syndromes↗
PubMed1985

Studies on the risk factors of intrauterine infection of hepatitis B virus.

In order to elucidate the mechanism involved in HBV intrauterine infection, some risk factors were checked among 22 HBsAg and HBeAg positive carrier mothers. It was found that the HBV intrauterine infection had no correlation with (1) abnormal maternal liver functions, (2) high HBsAg and HBeAg titers or high concentration of HBV-DNA in the maternal serum or (3) HBeAg titer in the cord serum. Four babies were born to mothers with positive symptoms and signs of threatened abortion and/or threatened premature labor during pregnancy. Among them, two babies born at full term were HBV infected cases in utero, whereas the other two babies born within one week after the occurrence of threatened premature labor showed negative HBsAg antigenemia at birth and HBIG was immediately administered and prevented HBV infection. We therefore inferred that placental leakage caused by uterine contraction during pregnancy could cause maternal blood to enter the fetal circulation and cause HBV intrauterine infection. Moreover, even if placental leakage occurs, HBV infection might be prevented by administering HBIG within a week.

Female↗
PubMed1984

Viability of the human placental villi in organ culture.

The viability of the placental villi in organ culture was investigated both from the morphological and functional points of view. Morphological viability was judged on the appearance of the villi with special emphasis on the trophoblastic cells and the morphological integrity of the placental villi could be maintained for at least 96 h in organ culture. Functional viability was judged by analyses of delta 5-3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase; delta 5,4-isomerase (3 beta-HSD) activity with 14C-pregnenolone as the substrate and by the suppressive effect of the cultivated villi on the secretion of plasminogen activator (PA) obtained from mouse peritoneal macrophages stimulated by OK-432. It was found that the 3 beta-HSD activity and suppressive effect on PA secretion could be preserved for at least 120 h in organ culture.

3-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases↗
PubMed1984

Cellular immune response in liver of patients with chronic hepatitis B. Electron microscopic observation of lymphocyte subsets by the immunoperoxidase method using monoclonal antibodies.

The morphological association between lymphocytes and hepatocytes was studied at the light and electron microscopic levels by the peroxidase-labeled antibody method using mouse monoclonal antibodies against Leu-1, Leu-2a, Leu-3a, Leu-7 and Leu-10 antigens in liver biopsy specimens from patients with chronic hepatitis B. Leu-1 + cells (T cells), especially Leu-2a + cells (cytotoxic/suppressor T cells), infiltrated mostly in periportal areas with piecemeal necrosis and in parenchymal areas with focal necrosis. By double staining techniques, Leu-2a + cells were often seen in contact with hepatocytes containing membranous hepatitis B surface and/or core antigens in patients with chronic active hepatitis. At the ultrastructural level, Leu-2a + cells frequently occupied the sinusoid and also migrated into both the space of Disse and between hepatocytes. Furthermore, they often showed intimate surface-contact with hepatocytes having hepatitis B surface and/or core antigens, and, occasionally, injured hepatocytes were surrounded by several Leu-2a + cells. In contrast, Leu-3a + cells, Leu-7 + cells and Leu-10 + cells sometimes appeared in the sinusoid, but seldom in the space of Disse and between hepatocytes. These findings suggest that cytotoxic T lymphocytes may be associated with the necrosis of hepatocytes in chronic hepatitis B.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1984

Partitioning of Nitrogen among Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate Carboxylase/Oxygenase, Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxylase, and Pyruvate Orthophosphate Dikinase as Related to Biomass Productivity in Maize Seedlings.

Maize (Zea mays L. cv Golden Cross Bantam T51) seedlings were grown under full sunlight or 50% sunlight in a temperature-controlled glasshouse at the temperatures of near optimum (30/25 degrees C) and suboptimum (17/13 degrees C) with seven levels of nitrate-N (0.4 to 12 millimolars). The contents of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC), pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase (PPD), and ribulose-1,5-P(2) carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO) were immunochemically determined for each treatment with rabbit antibodies raised against the respective maize leaf proteins (anti-PEPC and anti-PPD) or spinach leaf protein (anti-RuBisCO). The content of each enzymic protein increased with increasing N and raised under reduced temperature. The positive effect of light intensity on their contents was evident only at near optimal temperature. The relative increase in PEPC and PPD content with increasing N was significantly greater than that of RuBisCO irrespective of growth conditions. These enzymic proteins comprised about 8, 6, and 35% of total soluble protein, respectively, at near optimal growth condition. In contrast to significant increase in the proportion of soluble protein allocated to PEPC and PPD seen under certain conditions, the proportion allocated to RuBisCO decreased reciprocally with an increased biomass yield by N supply.These results indicated that the levels of PEPC and PPD parallel to maize biomass more tightly than that of RuBisCO at least under near optimal growth condition.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1984

Further investigations on the transport mechanism of cephalexin and ampicillin across rat jejunum.

The transport mechanisms of cephalexin (CEX) and ampicillin (AB-PC) across rat jejunum were examined using the electrophysiological technique in vitro. From the experiments under the short-circuit condition, it became evident that the specific transport system participates in the mucosal-to-serosal transport of CEX, while AB-PC is transport only by the simple diffusion. In addition, the transport routes of these drugs were examined using the voltage-clamp technique. Salicylate, a model drug of the weak electrolyte, was transported mainly via a paracellular route, while CEX, in the absence of Na, penetrated the membrane via two routes, i.e. the transcellular route and the paracellular route. Similar result was obtained as to AB-PC. So it seems to be likely that these two drugs diffuse through the intestinal epithelium via the similar pathways in the Na-free condition.

Ampicillin↗
PubMed1984

Intravenous leiomyomatosis of the uterus with continuous extension into the pulmonary artery.

A 56-year-old woman presented with an intracardiac tumor, as shown by two-dimensional echocardiography. Surgical treatment, undertaken in two stages, revealed a tumor which arose in the uterus, passed through both ovarian veins, the inferior vena cava, the right atrium and ventricle, and the pulmonary trunk, and extended to both pulmonary arteries. The upper portion of the tumor was removed in the first surgical operation, and the remaining tumor was removed during a second operation 1 year later. Both specimens were identical in appearance, and a pathohistological diagnosis of benign leiomyoma was made.

Echocardiography↗
PubMed1984

Non-B hepatocellular carcinoma: influence of age, sex, alcohol, family clustering, blood transfusion and chronic liver disease.

In 144 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), 166 cases of cirrhosis without HCC and 142 cases of chronic hepatitis, we examined HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBc in sera and compared the following factors between hepatitis B virus marker-negative and -positive patients: age, sex, alcohol consumption, family clustering of liver diseases, and histories of blood transfusion and post-transfusion hepatitis. Results of this study demonstrated several distinct differences in clinical backgrounds between non-B (negative for HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBc) and B (positive for HBsAg) patients with HCC. Non-B patients were significantly older, had a lower frequency of familial tendencies for liver diseases, and more frequently had cancers other than HCC in their families. Some of these differences were also observed between non-B and B patients with cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis. Among patients with chronic hepatitis, the non-B patients had received blood transfusion or had post-transfusion hepatitis more frequently than the B patients. However, this difference was not apparent in patients with liver cirrhosis or HCC, suggesting that progression of non-A, non-B post-transfusion hepatitis to cirrhosis and HCC may not be as frequent as progression to chronic hepatitis.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1984

Ultrastructural immunocytochemical localization of the asialoglycoprotein receptor in rat hepatocytes.

The asialoglycoprotein receptor is present on the plasma membrane of rat hepatocytes and mediates the endocytosis of exogenous asialoglycoproteins. The intracellular locations of the receptor are incompletely defined, and whether the receptor is present on the canalicular membrane is controversial. To investigate these unresolved issues, we localized the asialoglycoprotein receptor on the surfaces of and within rat hepatocytes in the absence of exogenous asialoglycoprotein. Cryostat sections of perfusion-fixed livers of fasted rats were incubated with peroxidase-labeled antibodies to the rat asialoglycoprotein receptor and were examined by light and electron microscopy. The asialoglycoprotein receptor on the surface of hepatocytes was present on the sinusoidal plasma membrane and was concentrated in coated pits; it was present also on the lateral plasma membrane but was absent from the bile canalicular membrane. Within hepatocytes, the receptor was present in saccules of the Golgi complexes and occasionally in segments of the endoplasmic reticulum. Definite endocytic vesicles containing receptor were absent, and lysosomes were devoid of the receptor. These observations indicate that in the absence of exogenous asialoglycoprotein (a) the asialoglycoprotein receptor on the plasma membrane of hepatocytes is present only on the sinusoidal and lateral surfaces, (b) the receptor is being synthesized and assembled, (c) endocytic internalization of the receptor is minimal or absent, and (d) lysosomes are devoid of the receptor.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Cellular distribution of the asialoglycoprotein receptor in rat liver. Implications for hepatic accumulation of desialylated lymphocytes.

It has been postulated that the selective accumulation of circulating desialylated cells in the mammalian liver results from the binding of desialylated glycoproteins on surfaces of the cells to asialoglycoprotein receptors in the liver. Since circulating cells in the liver are in contact predominantly with sinusoidal lining cells (Kupffer cells and endothelial cells), this postulate requires the presence of asialoglycoprotein receptors on the luminal surface of the sinusoidal lining cells. Whether the receptor is present on these cells, however, remains controversial. To clarify this issue, we used an indirect immunoelectron microscopic method to determine the distribution of the receptor on the surfaces of hepatic cells accessible to the circulation. F(ab')2 fragments of antireceptor antibodies were perfused in situ via the portal vein prior to tissue fixation. After perfusion fixation, sections were reacted with peroxidase-labeled antibodies to the antireceptor F(ab')2. The plasma membranes of Kupffer cells, endothelial cells, and fat-storing cells were devoid of the asialoglycoprotein receptor. In contrast, the receptor was associated with hepatocytes, where it was present diffusely on the sinusoidal plasma membranes and concentrated within coated pits. We conclude that it is unlikely that circulating desialylated cells bind to the asialoglycoprotein receptor in the liver unless a breach in the continuity of sinusoidal lining cells exists.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Nonimmunologic hydrops fetalis: a review of 30 cases].

Thirty cases of nonimmunologic hydrops fetalis in 14 hospitals were studied. The incidence of nonimmunologic hydrops fetalis was 1 in 4,330 deliveries at all hospitals and 1 in 4,389 deliveries at Tokyo University Hospital. Among these, 13 cases with various kinds of fetal anomalies and 5 cases complicated by twin to twin transfusion syndrome were found. Polyhydramnios (73%), preeclampsia (20%), anemia (34%), and hypoproteinemia (64%) were the commonest prenatal maternal complications, whereas a high incidence of abnormal NST patterns such as loss of variability was found, although urinary E3 levels were within the normal range. High rates of premature labor, Caesarian section and vacuum extraction were found at the deliveries of nonimmunologic hydrops fetalis. Prenatal diagnoses were made in 30% and 85% of the cases before 1977 and between 1978 and 1982, respectively. Ultrasound examination was confirmed to be very useful in detecting the hydropic state in the later period. The perinatal mortality rate from nonimmunologic hydrops fetalis was high (90%); and it was 100% in the cases with anomalies or twin to twin transfusion syndrome. The main cause of neonatal death was respiratory insufficiency due to hypoplasty of the lungs and pleural effusion.

Edema↗
PubMed1984

Properties of acyl-coenzyme A:1-acylglycerophosphate acyltransferase and lipases in porcine erythrocyte membranes.

Acyl-CoA:1-acylglycerophosphate acyltransferase activity was found in porcine erythrocyte membranes. However, the membrane preparations did not catalyze the acylation of either 2-acylglycerophosphate or 2-acylglycerophosphocholine. The 1-acylglycerophosphate acyltransferase and the known acyl-CoA:1-acylglycerophosphocholine acyltransferase systems differ in their specificities for acyl-CoAs and in their stabilities to detergents. Diacylglycerol lipase and monoacylglycerol lipase activities were also detected in porcine erythrocytes. These two activities appear to be catalyzed by different enzymes inasmuch as diacylglycerol lipase but not monoacylglycerol lipase was completely inhibited by divalent cations. The diacylglycerol lipase was relatively specific for the 1-position yielding 2-acylglycerol. The monoacylglycerol lipase hydrolyzed 1-acylglycerol and 2-acylglycerol at comparable rates. Phosphatidic acid was dephosphorylated to form 1,2-diacylglycerol but the acyl groups of phosphatidate were not hydrolyzed significantly by the erythrocyte membranes. Thus, the origin of 1-acylglycerophosphate, a substrate for the newly described enzyme, acyl-CoA:1-acylglycerophosphate acyltransferase, in mature erythrocyte could not be ascribed to action of diacylglycerol lipase, glycerophosphate acyltransferase, or phosphatidate-specific phospholipase A. 1-Acylglycerophosphate may be supplied extracellularly or the 1-acylglycerophosphate acyltransferase activity in erythrocytes may be a remnant of de novo phosphatidate synthesizing system of reticulocytes.

1-Acylglycerol-3-Phosphate O-Acyltransferase↗