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Biomedical subjects

M Miyoshi

Publications and source records attributed to M Miyoshi.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Acute myelogenous leukemia with only a 5q-chromosome abnormality].

A 68-year-old man with acute myelogenous leukemia (M2) was induced to complete remission by chemotherapy consisting of BH-AC and ACM-A on the 180th hospital day. Prior to therapy, chromosome analysis revealed 46, XY, del(5)(q22q33). No additional chromosome abnormalities were noted. Though 5q- was first associated with a preleukemic state, it is now known to be found in several different hematological disease. It has been suggested that patients with only a 5q- abnormality might have a better prognosis than those with a 5q- plus additional chromosome abnormalities. 5q- usually results from an interstitial deletion with break and fusion points at 5q11 or 12, 5q14 or 15, 5q22 and 5q33 or 35. The c-fms oncogene is located in the vicinity of band 5q34, so that a chromosome break at 5q33 or 34 may play an important role in the hematological disorders with 5q- chromosome abnormality.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

[A case of coexisting primary malignant lymphoma and adenocarcinoma of the stomach].

Reports of the presence of two histologically different neoplasms in one organ are still unusual. We experienced a rare case of coexisting primary malignant lymphoma and adenocarcinoma of the stomach. A 66-year-old woman was admitted in April 1983 because of weight loss and epigastralgia. Several examinations including gallium scan, upper GI endoscopy, biopsy and touch cytology of the stomach, were performed, and she was diagnosed as having primary malignant lymphoma (noncleaved, large cell type) of the stomach. After the administration of 20 mg of vincristine, 6,000 mg of cyclophosphamide, 1,000 mg of prednisolone and 150 mg of Adriamycin, she improved to complete remission in August 1983. In February 1984, she received gastrectomy because of stenosis of the esophagogastric junction. Microscopic examination of the ulcerated lesion at esophagogastric junction revealed moderately differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma infiltrating to the subserosa. Despite chemotherapy, peritonitis carcinomatosa developed, and the patient died of cachexia in July 1984.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

[Histological findings determining disease-free survival rate].

Histological findings of malignant tumors were reviewed in relation to the prognosis following surgery, radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy. To say the histological grading of malignancy by differentiation (maturation), estimation of it seemed to be subjective and it did not always correlate with the disease free survival rate. Histological findings which indicated a high degree of tumor-host interaction were a good predictor of the prognosis as well as the cell type, and the disease free survival rate of the cases with these findings was relatively higher following not only surgery, radiotherapy but also chemotherapy.

Brachytherapy↗
PubMed1985

Alpha-adrenergic regulation of the activity of thymidylate synthetase and thymidine kinase during liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy.

The increases in activity of hepatic thymidylate synthetase and of thymidine kinase, which catalyze the formation of thymidylate via the de novo and salvage pathways, respectively, were significantly suppressed during liver regeneration in rats which had been given alpha-adrenoceptor antagonists (phenoxybenzamine and phentolamine) or adrenergic neuron blockers (guanethidine and reserpine). These suppressions were not observed with a beta-adrenoceptor antagonist (propranolol), or an anticholinergic agent (atropine methyl nitrate). The rise in the activity of the thymidylate-synthesizing enzymes was closely correlated with the increase in the DNA content of the liver. It is concluded that catecholamine regulates the increase in the activity of thymidylate synthetase and thymidine kinase, which are key enzymes in DNA synthesis in regenerating liver. It is also suggested that sympathetic nerves play an important role in liver regeneration.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1985

Characterization of rat cytochrome P-450MC synthesized in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Rat cytochrome P-450MC cDNA was expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae AH22, SHY3 and NA87-11A cells under the control of the yeast ADH1 promoter and terminator. Although the three yeast strains transformed with the constructed expression plasmid, pAMC1, contained approximately three copies of the plasmid, the levels of both P-450MC mRNA and the corresponding protein in the AH22 cells carrying plasmid pAMC1 were 1.4- to 1.7-fold and 2-fold higher than in the other two strains, respectively. The P-450MC protein was purified from the microsomal fraction of AH22 cells carrying pAMC1 by a rapid purification method. The apparent molecular weight, chromatographic behavior, spectral properties, substrate specificity and immunochemical properties of the purified P-450MC protein were indistinguishable from those of rat liver P-450MC-I and P-450MC-II (Sasaki, T., et al. (1984) J. Biochem. 96, 117-126). The NH2-terminal amino acid sequence of the purified protein up to 10 residues was the same as those of P-450MC-I and P-450MC-II. In addition, HPLC analysis of the microsomal fraction of AH22 cells containing pAMC1 indicated that the synthesized P-450MC protein corresponds to P-450MC-II, but not P-450MC-I. With another purification method, we obtained the cleaved P-450MC protein which lacked the NH2-terminal 30 amino acids of intact P-450MC. The spectral properties and monooxygenase activities towards benzo(a)pyrene and 7-ethoxycoumarin of the cleaved P-450MC were nearly the same as those of intact P-450MC.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1985

Intercellular spaces in the lymph nodule associated epithelium of the rabbit Peyer's patch and appendix.

Intercellular spaces in the epithelium of the rabbit Peyer's patch and appendix were examined by scanning and transmission electron microscopy to elucidate their three-dimensional structure and their relationship to the reticular spaces in the underlying lymph nodule. Two types of intercellular spaces were distinguished: regularly arranged tubular channels and irregularly winding tunnels. The tubular channels were observed around normal enterocytes on the villi or internodular folds and apical portions of nodule domes. The channel spaces were lined with a successive arrangement of belt-like intercrestal surfaces of prismatic enterocytes and variously sized processes on the crests. The processes adjoining opposed crests formed a ladder-like structure or pectinate septa between neighboring channels. The irregularly winding tunnels were formed among processes of irregularly shaped cells corresponding to FAE cells (Bockman and Cooper, 1973) or M cells (Owen and Jones, 1974) in the nodule associated epithelium. In the appendix, the tunnels were frequently organized into two-story spaces, the adlumenal and basal spaces, which were incompletely separated by cytoplasmic processes. These tunnels continued by pores in the basement membrane to the reticular spaces in the underlying lymph nodules. Furthermore, the tunnels and the basement membrane pores constantly contained single or grouped free cells or their processes. The findings in the present study suggest that the tubular channels are intraepithelial compartments for the absorption of nutrients and fluid, and the irregular tunnels are an intraepithelial network of spaces for the housing of lymphoid cells coming from the underlying lymph nodule.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Fractionation of Kintoki bean lectin into isolectins.

A comprehensive study of the preparative procedure of Kintoki bean lectin resulted in the resolution of the lectin into four isolectins whose pIs varied from 5.19 to 5.67. They agglutinated human, goat, hen and mouse erythrocytes, but not those of cow. The more acidic the isolectins, the less active were the erythrocyte agglutination and the more active the stimulation of sheep lymphocytes. Although the general patterns of amino acid composition were similar, characterized by higher contents of aspartic acid, leucine and valine and lack of sulfur-containing amino acids, differences were found in a few amino acids such as phenylalanine, valine and lysine. Each lectin seems to be a tetramer of a 33,000 dalton subunit which is thought to differ in charge from lectin to lectin.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1985

[Retrospective study of short survival cases in hepatocellular carcinoma after transcatheter arterial embolization therapy].

Twenty-two patients with hepatocellular carcinoma were treated with transcatheter arterial embolization therapy. In the six who died within about a month, serum albumin and Ch-E were lower, and total bilirubin and ICG R15 were higher than in the other cases. In four of them, more than 50% of the liver was occupied by tumor, and tumor thrombosis were found in the portal trunk or bilateral first portal branch. Five patients died of hepatic failure followed by upper gastrointestinal bleeding. One died of cachexia. The causes of short survival were 1) severe liver cirrhosis, 2) portal obstruction, 3) large tumor, 4) widespread TAE, 5) retrograde flow of gelfoam.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Alteration of blood coagulation and fibrinolysis after transcatheter arterial embolization of hepatocellular carcinomas].

Alteration in blood coagulation and fibrinolysis were observed serially after TAE 37 times by measuring PT, APTT, FDP, fibrinogen, AT III, plasminogen, and alpha 2-macroglobulin. Immediately after TAE, PT and APTT were prolonged, Fbg AT III, alpha 2-M, and platelets decreased, and FDP increased. These changes within 24 hours suggested that coagulation activities were accelerated, and fibrinolysis followed. Within four weeks after TAE, PT and APTT became most prolonged one to three days after, while AT III, Plg, and alpha 2-M became lowest on the third to seventh days. It is suggested that these decrease were mainly due to suppressed production resulting from damage of the residual liver.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1985

[Radiotherapy of pancreatic carcinoma].

During the 10-year period between 1974 and 1984, we treated 34 pancreatic carcinomas by radiotherapy as follows: Eight by intraoperative radiotherapy (IOR), five by external radiotherapy (ERT), and 21 by IOR in combination with ERT. The mean survival time of the eight patients treated by IOR was 5.6 months, and that of the 21 receiving the combination therapy 7.2 months. Although it is not statistically significant, patients treated by the combined regimen survived longer than those treated by IOR alone.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Neutrophilic nodules in the intestinal walls of Japanese monkeys associated with the neutrophil chemotactic activity of larval extracts and secretions of Oesophagostomum aculeatum.

High neutrophil chemotactic activity was detected in the culture medium from Oesophagostomum aculeatum larvae in vitro using blind-well chambers with Millipore filters, and guinea pig leucocytes as indicator cells. Neutrophil chemotactic activity was also detected in the extract from larval worms in a dose dependent fashion. This activity was detected in the low molecular weight fractions adjacent to a sodium chloride marker by gel filtration on Sephadex G200. These results were further confirmed with monkey neutrophils. The possible role of this activity in the formation of granulomatous lesions rich in neutrophils found in O aculeatum infections in the Japanese monkey is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[How does endogenous and exogenous cholesterol influence the lipoprotein metabolism. Effects of long-term endurance exercise, and accumulation of cholesterol ester on the aortic wall].

We first supplied the rats with sucrose which accelerates the synthesis of the very low density lipoprotein (VLDL). After 5 weeks ingestion, we investigated the effects of the long-term endurance exercise on the concentration of the endogenous cholesterol and on the accumulation of the cholesterol ester on the arterial wall, with the emphasis on lipid metabolism, especially on lipoprotein metabolism. The concentrations of triglyceride and VLDL in sucrose-ingested group were significantly higher than control. As to the aortic wall, the total amount of cholesterol ester was increased (almost twice). Regular endurance exercise over long period after serum and hepatic lipids had already reached a high level did not reduced the triglyceride in the liver but in serum. It showed be emphasized that the exercise reduces triglyceride and VLDL-cholesterol, and to this extent does contribute to alleviation of hyperlipidemia and to prevention or moderation of arteriosclerosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Rational dose fractionation schedule 1. Each fractional dose].

The dose per fraction which will produce the maximum therapeutic ratio in clinical radiotherapy is discussed, using the data on the variation of the oxygen enhancement ratio with dose size and the difference in the dose response curves between tumor cell lines and late effects in normal tissues. Isoeffect doses for late injury increased more than that for tumor response with decreasing dose per fraction. When late effects in normal tissues are dose-limiting for radiotherapy, the highest therapeutic ratio (normal tissue tolerance dose/dose for a given probability of local tumor control) would be obtained when the dose/fraction is equal to the flexure dose. Lengthening the interfraction interval to allow complete repair of sublethal injury in the normal tissues responsible for late effects may allow some repopulation of tumor cells. In this case it may be necessary to increase the dose/fraction slightly above the flexure dose.

Cell Survival↗