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Biomedical subjects

M Miyazaki

Publications and source records attributed to M Miyazaki.

At least 991 records · Page 55Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Recurrence in early gastric cancer: a pathologic evaluation.

The cause of death in 26 of 220 cases of early gastric carcinoma was studied, particularly in relation to the mode of recurrence. Of the 26, 7 patients died of disease related causes and gross appearance revealed that 4 cases were IIa predominant, 2 were IIc (or +I), and 1 was IIc predominant. Histologic examination indicated that all 7 cases were differentiated-type adenocarcinomas. Two of 7 recurring carcinomas were due to residual carcinoma in the resected stumps and 5 patients had hematogenous metastases, particularly in the liver. Eighteen of the 26 patients died of other causes, in 1 case of unknown causes, and it is interesting that in 5 of the 18 cases, simultaneous or nonsimultaneous double carcinomas at sites other than the stomach were noted. In order to prevent recurrence in early gastric carcinoma, it is important that no carcinoma be left in the resected stump or remnant, and that the prophylaxis be achieved through the administration of adequate amounts of anticancer chemotherapy, in order to prevent hematogenous metastasis, particularly to the liver.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1980

Renal effects of 8-substituted derivatives of adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate in dogs.

The renal effects of nine, 8-substituted derivatives of 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate were studied in anesthetized mongrel dogs. Infusion of the compounds into a renal artery resulted in an increase of renal blood flow without any effect on blood pressure. Diuretic and natriuretic effects are evident with 6 of the 9 derivatives. As these 8-substituted analogues exert renal effects in a manner similar to that seen with the parent nucleotide, cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate, they may serve as useful pharmacological agents in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

A study of profound hypothermia by surface cooling.

Profound hypothermia below 20 degrees C achieved by surface cooling using simple ice water bath equipment and deep ether anaesthesia is used with the aid of autonomic nerve blocking agents to obtain cardiac arrest for periods of over one hour for open-heart surgery. Blood levels of ether were between 40.6 mg/dl and 285.7 mg/dl during anaesthesia. No arrhythmia occurred and vital signs were quite stable. Hypocarbia throughout the procedure, severe base deficit after circulatory arrest, spontaneous recovery of metabolic acidosis, and a nearly normal cH+ (pH) were observed. Catecholamine increased moderately after circulatory arrest, but was far below shock levels. Plasma renin activity was markedly elevated but angiotensin II stayed at non-significant levels throughout the procedure. Excess lactate showed no significant change. Hyperglycaemia was noted. The mortality rate was 7.7 per cent and neurological disorders occurred in less than 5.8 per cent of the recent 52 cases.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1980

Responsiveness to vasoactive agents of cerebral and mesenteric arteries isolated from control and reserpine-treated dogs.

1 Pretreatment of dogs for 20 to 24 h before the start of experiments with reserpine (0.5 mg/kg) depleted noradrenaline from cerebral and mesenteric arteries, the diminution being greater in the latter arteries. 2 Contractile responses of helically-cut strips of cerebral and mesenteric arteries to noradrenaline were unaffected by pretreatment with reserpine. Tyramine-induced contractions of mesenteric arteries were markedly attenuated by reserpine-pretreatment, whereas the contraction of cerebral arteries was not influenced. The contractile response of mesenteric arteries to transmural nerve stimulation or nicotine was abolished by reserpine-pretreatment, but the relaxation induced by nicotine of cerebral arteries contracted with prostaglandin F2 alpha was not affected. Pretreatment with reserpine attenuated the contractions of mesenteric arteries induced by angiotensin II, but did not alter the response of cerebral arteries to 5-hydroxytryptamine. 3 In prostaglandin-contracted cerebral and mesenteric arterial strips, relaxant effects of acetylcholine, isoprenaline and K+ were not significantly influenced by reserpine-pretreatment. 4 It appears that tyramine and nicotine do not release noradrenaline from dog cerebral arteries in amounts sufficient to cause significant contractions. Attenuation of the response to angiotensin II by pretreatment with reserpine is not the result of depletion of noradrenaline from the mesenteric arterial wall but may be due to interference with the mechanism specific to actions of angiotensin II.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1980

Stereotactic CT scan and its correlation with the neural activity of deep structures.

An attempt has been made to visualize beforehand a brain section through which an electrode would pass to reach the target point in stereotactic thalamotomy for the treatment of tremor. On the basis of several craniometric measurements of a plain craniogram (lateral view), the level of the intercommissural line could be approximately estimated and a tentative target point set on the craniogram. Then, a line is drawn to connect this target point and the bregma. Extrapolating this line, an angle between the Reid baseline and this line could be measured in order to transfer the line to the scalp. With the aid of a GE scanner (GE-CT/T-X2), several 5-mm thick sections are made parallel to this line including the tentative target point. Among these images of CT scan thus made, referring to the foramen of Monro and the aqueduct (either of which might be visualized) one of the sections would be chosen as a tentative plane through which the electrode would pass. On the operation day, a burr hole should be made on or near the line used for CT scanning and drawn on the scalp, so the electrode tract will coincide with the CT scan image. GE scan images are clear enough to estimate the range of gray matter, white matter, caudate nucleus and thalamus. The neural activities of the deep structures recorded during the operation by stepping displacement of the electrode are correlated with this CT scan image. So far, the coincidence of both findings are satisfactory and of great value in this kind of blind operation.

Brain↗
PubMed1980

Regulation of tryptophan-niacin metabolism by hormones.

The regulation of tryptophan-niacin metabolism by pituitary and adrenocortical hormones was investigated. Hypophysectomized rats fed on a niacin-free purified diet were injected with bovine somatotropin, predonine acetate or both. The urinary excretion of N-methylnicotinamide (MNA) and N-methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide (2-Py) after oral administration of tryptophan was then compared before and after the hormone treatment. The amount of urinary MNA was found to be increased after the injection of somatotropin, but decreased after the predonine injection. On the other hand, no change in urinary MNA was observed in the rats administered with both hormones. The amount of 2-Py appeared to be reduced by the predonine treatment, but was not affected by somatotropin injection. The activity of liver alpha-amino-beta-carboxymuconate-epsilon-semialdehyde decarboxylase (picolinic carboxylase) was shown to be directly proportional to the ratio (oral tryptophan)/(urinary MNA). Moreover, the enzyme activity appeared to be inversely proportional to the concentration of niacin in liver. In addition, the amount of urinary MNA was suggested to be affected by the change of body weight gain. The administration of both pituitary hormone and insulin failed to normalize the reduced urinary MNA excretion in diabetic rats, suggesting that any change in pituitary hormone was not responsible for the abnormal tryptophan-niacin metabolism in diabetes.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗