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Biomedical subjects

M Miyazaki

Publications and source records attributed to M Miyazaki.

At least 973 records · Page 54Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Brainstem auditory evoked responses in spinocerebellar degeneration and Wilson disease.

Brainstem auditory evoked responses (BAERs) were studied in 30 healthy subjects, 20 patients with spinocerebellar degeneration (SCD), and 6 patients with Wilson's disease. In addition to the standard 8 click per second stimulation rate, increased stimulation frequency was applied which identified wave V for its stability under different stimulation rates. No prolongation of wave latencies was noted in SCD patients, irrespective of clinical features, except in 1 patient who had a latency slightly above the normal range. Wilson disease with neurological symptoms produced prolongation of wave latencies in every case, whereas the patients without neurological involvement showed a normal BAER pattern.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1981

Comparative efficacy of antitumor treatment for liver metastases from colorectal cancer.

A retrospective study of 37 colorectal cancer patients with synchronous liver metastases was made. Of these patents, 6 who had undergone primary tumor removal were treated with considerable success by hepatic arterial infusion of 5-FU and mitomycin C. Ten patients who underwent primary tumor excision were treated by oral chemotherapy using fluorinated pyrimidines. These patients survived about 23 months. On the other hand, 12 patients after primary tumor removal without cancer chemotherapy survived for about 10 months. Six patients without antitumor treatment for both primary tumor and hepatic metastasis survived about 5.2 months. The overall results of this study suggest that intrahepatic arterial infusion is of practical importance for hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer and that oral chemotherapy is indeed effective for selected patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Activation of renin in an anaplastic pulmonary adenocarcinoma.

1. Biochemical characteristics of a renin-like enzyme secreted by a pulmonary adenocarcinoma have been studied. A very high renin content was revealed by both enzymatic (10.4 Goldblatt units/g of tissue) and direct radioimmunoassay of immunoreactive renin (23 Goldblatt units/g of tissue). 2. The higher value by direct radioimmunoassay suggested the presence of an inactive form of the enzyme. Indeed 40--100% activation occurred with treatment by trypsin or pepsin or prolonged dialysis at pH 7.4 with or without prior acid dialysis. This neutral activation was completely abolished by a serine proteinase inhibitor. 3. A large fraction of the renin in this tumour is inactive. In comparison with other prohormones produced in tumours the findings support strongly the proposition that renin passes through a proenzyme step in synthesis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1981

The nucleotide sequence of 5S ribosomal RNA from Schizosaccharomyces pombe.

The nucleotide sequence of 5S rRNA from the fission yeast, S. pombe, has been established by post labeling procedures combined with cataloging RNase T1- and A-oligonucleotides derived from unlabeled 5S rRNA. The sequence consists of 119 nucleotides without a modified base and shows more dissimilarities (at 38 positions) from that of S. cerevisiae than from that of humans (at 33 positions).

Ascomycota↗
PubMed1981

Angiotensin-induced relaxation in isolated dog renal and cerebral arteries.

Helically cut strips of dog renal and cerebral (basilar and middle cerebral) arteries contracted with prostaglandin (PG) F2 alpha relaxed in response to angiotensin II (AII; 10(-9) to 10(-7) M) in a dose-dependent manner. In renal arterial strips, the relaxation was preceded by a transient contraction. Both the relaxation and the contraction induced by AII were suppressed by [Sar1,Ala8]AII or [Sar1,Ile8]AII. Treatment with propranolol, atropine, hexamethonium, cocaine, aminophylline, cimetidine, or ouabain failed to alter the relaxing effect of AII. The peptide-induced relaxation was reversed to a contraction by aspirin or indomethacin. Treatment with tranylcypromine or 15-hydroperoxy arachidonic acid suppressed the relaxation induced by AII in renal and cerebral arteries but did not alter relaxations induced by PGI2 or K+ (5 mM). In experiments with superfused dog renal and coronary arteries and rat stomach strips, the renal arteries in response to AII released a prostaglandin like substance; the release was suppressed by [Sar1,Ala8]AII or indomethacin. It appears that the relaxation of isolated dog renal and cerebral arteries induced by AII is mediated by the release of PGI2, which is associated with stimulation of AII receptors.

Aminophylline↗
PubMed1981

Circulatory response in Aschner and Czermak-Hering tests, with special reference to cerebral circulation.

The Aschner and Czermak-Hering tests were carried out in 7 normal young males and 15 elderly patients with cerebral arteriosclerosis. Alterations in the heart rate, blood pressure and blood flow in the internal carotid artery and brachial artery were studied by means of the on-line Doppler ultrasonic apparatus before, during and after the maneuvers, simultaneously and continuously. Aschner Test. Bradycardia, biphasic alteration of blood pressure, increase of blood flow in the internal carotid artery and decrease of blood flow in the brachial artery were observed in the maneuver. The changing rate of the findings was diversified individually. However, no significant difference was observed between the normal young males and the elderly patients. Side effects consisted of slight and transient nausea and dizziness in 6 subjects. Czermak-Hering Test. Bradycardia, hypotension, and decrease of blood flow in the brachial artery were observed in the maneuver. The changing rate of the findings is more conspicuous in the elderly patients than in the normal young males. Alterations in the blood flow in the internal carotid artery were observed. There was a conspicuous increase of the blood flow in the internal carotid artery on the noncompressed side during the maneuver in all the normal young males and in half of the elderly patients. The remainder of the elderly patients showed either no alteration or decrease of the blood flow in the internal carotid artery on the noncompressed side. Slight nausea in 2 subjects, slight dizziness in 5 subjects, and moderate disturbance of consciousness in 1 subject were observed as side effects. The results indicate that the Czermak-Hering test will be more advantageous in investigating the autonomic nervous function (vasovagal reflex) and autoregulation of cerebral circulation in elderly subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Effect of intra-aortic balloon pumping and calcium antagonist for reducing coronary reperfusion injury.

Open heart surgery under aortic cross-clamping is often required, but coronary reperfusion injury after release of aortic cross-clamping is unavoidable irrespective of applications of various protective methods to the myocardium. The anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery of mongrel adult dogs was occluded for 2 hours and then reperfused. The protective effects of intra-aortic balloon pumping (IABP) and of a calcium antagonist "diltiazem hydrochloride" (diltiazem) on the decreased reperfusion of ischemic, border and normal areas were examined by measuring the regional myocardial blood flow (RMBF) using a radioactive microsphere method. Diltiazem could increase significantly the RMBF in the border area. IABP induced a significant increase in the RMBF of the same area more than Diltiazem, with the increase in the endocardial layer tending to be superior to that in the epicardial layer. The results suggested that diltiazem is very effective for reducing the coronary reperfusion injury. It is also suggested that IABP is even more effective than diltiazem because it increases the RMBF significantly and, moreover, has a tendency to increase the blood flow in the endocardial layer which is poor in collateral vessels and thus vulnerable to ischemia.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

On-line control of circulating blood volume.

We developed an experimental method which enabled continuous determination of the circulatory blood volume, when the blood volume was subjected to alterations. The blood volume was modified by a servo system to control transfer of the blood between an external reservoir and the cardiovascular system. Possible application of our method to the analysis of circulatory responses to blood volume changes is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Increase of T cells in the liver during hepatocarcinogenesis with N-2-fluorenylacetamide in rats.

The localization of thymus-derived lymphocytes (T cells) was investigated in rat liver by the immunofluorescence method during hepatocarcinogenesis with N-2-fluorenylacetamide. In the early stage of carcinogenesis, the number of T cells never increased significantly in livers in which hyperplastic liver nodules (population I) were seen. On the other hand, in the late stage of carcinogenesis, T cells extensively invaded hyperplastic nodules (population II) as well as hepatomas. According to the concept of cell-mediated immunity, hyperplastic nodules in the late stage might have a neoantigen(s) which evokes the response of T cells. Therefore, it may be concluded that populations I and II are biologically distinct lesions in spite of their histological identity.

2-Acetylaminofluorene↗
PubMed1981

[Acute subdural hygroma in the posterior fossa (author's transl)].

A 2-year-old girl was admitted to Chugoku Rosai Hospital one hour after a car accident on July 16, 1978. On admission she was conscious and no physical or neurologic abnormality was found. However, 2 hours and a half after the accident, she was attacked suddenly by generalized convulsion, and then became comatose with apnea. Bilateral horizontal nystagmus to the left, rhythmic constriction and dilation of the pupils reacting to light, and flaccid tetraplegia were recognized. Plain skull films revealed a linear fracture in the right posterior fossa, which crossed the transverse this region. A burr hole was made in the left posterior fossa, and slightly xanthochromic fluid, 30 to 40 microliter in volume, under high pressure was evacuated from the subdural space. A burr hole on the right side disclosed no abnormality. Spontaneous respiration returned immediately and consciousness became clear 5 hours after the surgery. No neurologic deficit was detect and postoperative EEG was normal. She was discharged from the hospital on July 27, 1978. Ten cases of acute subdural hygroma in the posterior fossa, including the present case, were analyzed. This lesion is able to be cured completely by a simple operation even in coma with apnea, if diagnosis made promptly and the surgery is carried out without delay. In cases of acute head injury, it is quite important to have a possibility of the infratentorial lesion in mind and to find it with the aids of plain skull film of Towne's view, CT scan, and VAG if necessary.

Acute Disease↗