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Biomedical subjects

M Miyao

Publications and source records attributed to M Miyao.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Nature of copper and zinc compounds in tissues from a patient with Menkes kinky hair syndrome.

Copper and zinc concentrations, and the nature of the copper- and zinc-binding proteins, were studied using tissues from a Menkes patient who had been given intravenous infusions of cupric acetate. The liver and brain copper contents were lower than in an untreated, non-Menkes control, and the spleen, intestine and kidney showed higher copper concentrations than control tissues. Zinc concentrations in all the organs (except the kidneys) from the Menkes patient were slightly lower than those the control child. Using Sephadex G-75 column chromatography of cytosols (105,000 x g supernatant), three copper- and zinc-containing peaks were eluted. In all the Menkes tissues studied, copper was prominent in peak 3. On the other hand, peak 3 was the smallest and peak 1 was the largest in the control tissues. Zinc predominated in peak 1 in both Menkes and control tissues, except for Menkes kidney. In this tissue peak 3 was again the largest. The copper- and zinc-binding material in peak 3 fractions from Menkes kidney was chromatographed on DEAE-cellulose columns. Three copper- and zinc-containing peaks were observed at the same positions as metallothionein from human adult kidneys.

Brain Chemistry↗
PubMed1981

Increased body movements during sleep in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome.

Overnight sleep polygrams were recorded form 9 patients with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS). Six of 9 patients had abnormal electroencephalograms, but no specific abnormalities were detected. Body movements and twitch movements during sleep were analyzed. At all stages of sleep, body movements during sleep were more frequent in cases of GTS than those in normal controls. Twitch movements in stage REM of sleep were significantly increased in GTS. These results are consistent with the idea that GTS is due to an imbalance between the central neurotransmitters, catecholamine and serotonin.

Child↗
PubMed1981

Influence of ACTH therapy on overnight sleep polygrams in infantile spasms.

Overnight sleep polygrams were recorded before and during therapy in nine patients with infantile spasms. Results showed that ACTH therapy increased the waking time and decreased rapid eye movement sleep. Thus it caused sleep disturbance in patients with infantile spasms. During ACTH therapy the number of rapid eye movements/min and the pulse rate decreased significantly. Body movements/min also decreased, but not significantly. These results suggest that ACTH therapy may inhibit functions of the central nervous system. The respiratory rate increased during ACTH and clonazepam therapy, probably in association with the decrease or the absence of seizures. These findings indicate the necessity for further studies on whether ACTH therapy is really of value in patients with infantile spasms, and show that if ACTH is given, the period of therapy should be as short as possible.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1981

[Clinical experience with cefoxitin in bacterial infections of children (author's transl)].

Using a new cephamycin antibiotic, cefoxitin, clinical studies were carried out, and the following results were obtained: (1) Cefoxitin was administered to 52 children with 38 respiratory tract infections, 2 urinary tract infections, 1 acute otitis media and others, who ranged in age from 2 months to 11 years old. (2) Cefoxitin was given intravenously at a daily dose of 27.3 mg/kg to 110.5 mg/kg. (3) The overall efficacy rate was 80% in 46 cases, i.e., excellent in 10, good in 27, fair in 7 and poor in 2. (4) Clinical side effects were not seen except exanthema in 1 patient. Elevation of GOT and GPT was seen in 2 patients, elevation of A1-P in 1 and eosinophilia in 2 by laboratory tests. However, these findings were alleviated rapidly following the cessation of therapy.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1981

[Clinical experience with cefroxadine in bacterial infection of children (author's transl)].

In order to evaluate effectiveness of cefroxadine (CXD) in the treatment of bacterial infections of children, the clinical studies were carried out. CXD was orally administered to 30 patients at daily dose of 27.5 approximately 50.0 mg/kg (average 32.3 mg/kg) in 3 approximately 4 divided dose for 3 approximately 10 days (average 4.9 days). The overall efficacy rate in 30 cases was 93.3%, i.e., excellent 22 (73.3%), good in 6 (20.0%), fair in 1 (3.3%) and poor in 1 case (3.3%). Drug eruption and transient eosinophilia were observed in 1 case each out of 30 cases (6.7%), but any other abnormality was not observed throughout this series. Based on the above results, CXD was thus considered to be a useful antibiotic in treatment of pediatric infections.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1980

[Clinical results of cefoperazone in pediatric infections (author's transl)].

In order to evaluate effectiveness of cefoperazone (CPZ) in the treatment of bacterial infections of children, the clinical studies were carried out. CPZ was administered by one-shot injection to 28 patients at daily dose of 50 approximately 160 (average 89.7) mg/kg in 3 approximately 4 divided dose for 2 approximately 10 (average 5.6) days. The overall efficacy rate in 28 cases was 92.9%, i.e., excellent in 16 (57.1%), good in 10 (35.7%), fair in 1 (3.6%) and poor in 1 case (3.6%). Temporary rise of GOT and GPT or only GOT was observed in each 1 case out of 28 cases (7.1%), but any other abnormality was not observed throughout this series. Based on the above results, CPZ was thus considered to be a useful antibiotic in treatment of pediatric infections caused by Gram-positive cocci and Gram-negative rods.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1979

A new sensitive method for assay of histidase in human skin and detection of heterozygotes for histidinemia.

A new sensitive method was developed for assay of histidase in the stratum corneum of human skin with [14C] histidine as substrate. With this method histidase could be detected using less than 1 mg of stratum corneum. Skin histidase was markedly reduced in seven infants with histidinemia. The enzyme activities in thirteen parents of the patients were about 50% of the normal values, and even the highest values in the parents did not overlap the lowest normal values. Thus heterozygotes in the autosomal recessive form of histidinemia can be distinguished from normal persons by their skin histidase activity measured by this sensitive assay method.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Developmental changes in normal cranial measurements by computed tomography.

Computed tomography (CT) scans were examined for 89 selected patients in an attempt to establish normal values at various ages for longitudinal and transverse diameters of the brain, the greatest distance between the right and left sides of the anterior horn of the lateral ventricle, the width of the lateral ventricles in the region of the caudate nuclei, and the greatest width of the third ventricle. The patients' ages ranged from less than one year to over 40 years. These measurements and their ratios to one another are reported. The cerebral longitudinal fissure, Sylvian fissure and subarachnoid space were evident to some degree below the age of two years, especially below the age of one year, and again above the age of 40 years. The cortical sulcus was occasionally found to have a width of less than 1.9mm below the age of one year and above the age of 40 years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Clinical experience with cefamandole in bacterial infections of children (author's transl)].

In order to evaluate efficacy and safety, cefamandole, a new cephalosporin, was given intravenously to 12 children with respiratory tract infections (11 cases) and urinary tract infection (1 case), who ranged in age from 2 months to 5 years old. Cefamandole sodium was administered 74 approximately 112 mg/kg/day in three or four equally divided doses by one-shot injection. The overall efficacy rate was 83.3% in 12 cases, i.e., good in 8, fairly good in 2, and poor in 2 cases. No adverse reaction was noted on any of our 12 cases.

Cefamandole↗
PubMed1978

Monozygotic twins with presumed metachromatic leukodystrophy. Activity of arylsulfatase A in serum of patients and family.

Arylsulfatase A (ASA) activity in urine and serum was assayed on two 21-month-old monozygotic twins with presumed metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD), their parents, and kin. The patients showed a marked reduction in ASA activity in both urine and serum. The twins' parents and 11 kin, a total of 13 persons, were examined for ASA activity in serum, but it was not possible to delineate heterozygous carriers of MLD by the present study. The assay of ASA activity in serum promises to be useful for diagnosis of MLD.

Cerebroside-Sulfatase↗