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Biomedical subjects

M Miki

Publications and source records attributed to M Miki.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Diagnosis and clinical features of small hepatocellular carcinoma with emphasis on the utility of real-time ultrasonography. A study in 51 patients.

The clinical features and usefulness of various methods for diagnosis of small hepatocellular carcinoma, no greater than 5 cm in diameter, were studied in 51 patients. The diagnosis was verified in 28 patients by hepatic resection and in 4 patients at autopsy. The tumor was less than 3 cm in diameter in 23 patients. In 37 patients (72.5%), the tumor was first discovered by real-time linear scan ultrasonography, generally during a routine periodic follow-up examination of patients with chronic liver disease, mostly cirrhosis. Clinically, 62.7% of the patients were asymptomatic, and symptoms in the remainder were not suggestive of carcinoma. Most patients showed only mildly abnormal liver function tests that did not suggest the diagnosis. Serum alpha-fetoprotein level was normal in 25.5%, and it was elevated above 200 ng/ml in only 33.3%. Among the various imaging modalities, ultrasonography had the highest detection rate (92.2%) for these small hepatocellular carcinomas compared with computed tomography (73.2%), scintigraphy (50.0%), and angiography (86.0%). False-positive lesions, however, were also found frequently by ultrasonography, requiring ultrasonography-guided biopsy for differential diagnosis in some of the patients. Routine examination at regular intervals of patients with chronic liver disease using a combination of real-time ultrasonography and alpha-fetoprotein measurement is currently the most effective approach to detecting small hepatocellular carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Purification and determination of human prostate specific antigen in the serum].

A human prostate specific antigen (PA) has been purified from an extract of prostatic tissue obtained during operation for benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH). The antigen, which can be demonstrated a single component by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), has an apparent molecular weight of about 34,000 and has lower mobility for the positive pole than prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP). Double antibody radioimmunoassay (RIA) for PA in serum was developed with the antiserum raised in rabbit against partially purified PA. In normal serum of 30 controls the concentration were studied by the RIA. The normal upper limit of the serum PA levels in assay was set at 2.5 ng/ml. Elevated levels were observed in serum from 19 out of 21 untreated patients with prostatic carcinoma and 9 out of 23 patients with BPH, but latter less than 10 ng/ml. The results indicate that the PA is a potentially useful marker as well as PAP for prostatic cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

A new radiopharmaceutical: 99mTc DMP for renal scanning.

99mTc-Dimercaptopropionic acid (DMP), a new renal scanning agent was synthesized, and the optimum preparative conditions and stability of this compound were determined. It was demonstrated that scans performed with this agent in rats showed highly selective renal images which may be of promise in future clinical use. The relationships between chemical structure and renal affinity are discussed based on the present results.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Transforceps operative nephroscope.

A new type of operative nephroscope has been developed that possesses the advantages of a fiberoptic scope but with good tactile sensation. The diameter of the scope is 2.3 mm. and its overall length is 770 mm., with a working length of 600 mm. The angle of the visual field is 70 degrees and its depth is 3 to 50 mm. The fiberscope is used in combination with forceps with hollow arms. The instrument is inserted through 1 of the arms of the forceps, while the other arm can be used for irrigation. The fiberscope may be fixed on a stand and, therefore, pyelolithotomy can be done in the conventional manner while the interior of the renal pelvis is observed. The instrument was used for pyelolithotomy in 26 patients with multiple renal stones and to examine the renal pelvis in 16 with drainage by nephrostomy or cutaneous ureterostomy. All stones were removed successfully in all but 1 patient in the former group.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Experimental chemotherapy of human testicular carcinoma transplanted in nude mice].

The testicular carcinoma serially transplanted in nude mice with BALB/c genetic background was used for experimental chemotherapy. A stable growth and a high production of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) were observed in this tumor line. The effect and side effect of Cis-platinum (CDDP) and other anticancer agents on this tumor line in nude mice were studied by the chemotherapy with single administration of CDDP 2 mg/kg, 4 mg/kg, 6 mg/kg and 8 mg/kg, and the combination chemotherapy with CDDP, Vinblastine (VBL) 0.1 mg/kg, Bleomycin (BLM) 0.5 mg/kg and Cyclophosphamide (CTX) 2 mg/kg. The body weight of the tumor bearing nude mice, the tumor size (length X breadth) and serum AFP level were measured every week up to 10 weeks after inoculation of the tumor mass. Six weeks after administration of these anticancer agents, the tumor mass was removed out and examined histologicaly. The effects of CDDP and other anticancer agents were observed as inhibition of the tumor growth and regression of the tumor mass. In the groups treated by the combination chemotherapy with either CDDP + VBL + BLM or CDDP + VBL + CTX, the most remarkable inhibition and regression were observed. The AFP levels were remarkably decreased in contrast with those of the control group. The changes of serum AFP levels were reflected in the tumor growth. The serum AFP levels fell down to normal level, however, the tumor mass was clearly recognized. The tumor tissue was damaged histologicaly by the single administration of CDDP. The most remarkable change was shown in the group treated by the combination chemotherapy CDDP 4mg/kg + VBL + BLM. The tumor cells were arranged one or two layers like the epithelium. This histological findings suggested that the malignant tumor could be differentiated to benign tumor. The side effect of CDDP and other anticancer agents was observed as a loss of weight. All of mice treated by the single administration at a dose of CDDP 6 mg/kg and 8 mg/kg died of the side effect of CDDP.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Experimental and clinical studies on intravesical instillation therapy for bladder cancer].

Intravesical instillation therapy was performed in 155 cases of urinary bladder cancer. In 60% of the patients treated by therapeutic intravesical instillation, antitumor effects were observed. The patients who were given only the instillation therapy frequently had recurrence of the tumor in the same site within one year. Therefore, in such cases prophylactic instillation seems to be necessary. The preventive effect of intermittent instillation therapy given over a long period was superior to that of concentrated instillation therapy given during a short period. The rate of recurring bladder tumors decreased after instillation therapy. Eight cases that were cystoscopically nonvisual tumors but indicated positive cytology were treated by intravesical instillation therapy. In 5 of these cases cytology was negative after treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Clinical study on prophylaxis of diacetyl-glucaro-(1-4) (6-3) dilactone for recurrence of bladder cancer].

In order to investigate the effect of Diacetyl-glucaro-(1-4) (6-3) dilactone to prevent post-operative recurrence of bladder cancer, we estimated the recurrent rate of 34 patients who were diagnosed as having bladder cancer and treated by several surgical methods and oral administration of the drug in our hospital during 1971 and 1980. The following results were obtained: The 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36 and over 36 months-recurrent rates were 3.1%, 26.4%, 32.5%, 32.5%, 32.5%, 46% and 46%. In control group, they were 10%, 23.3%, 34.8%, 46.2%, 73.1%, 73.1% and 100% In a 24 month follow-up, there was no difference of recurrent rate between the group receiving the drug and control group: a recurrent rate of administrated group was lower than that of the control after 24 months. The recurrent rate of the group receiving Diacetyl-glucaro-(1-4) (6-3) dilactone combined with instillation was lower in a 2 year follow-up. It was anticipated that the combined therapy (Diacetyl-glucaro-(1-4) (6-3) dilactone administration and intravesical instillation of anticancer drugs) was useful in order to prevent recurrence of bladder cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Photocystoscopy: experience with a new telescope and polaroid camera].

The ability to photograph the interior of the bladder accurately just by pressing a button has great clinical merit. This approach, which has become a basic method in gastrointestinal endoscopy, is now possible in cystoscopy. We will call this technique which uses a newly designed telescope, Olympus A 3405 and Polaroid Instant Endocamera EC-3 with Polaroid High Speed Color Land Film 600, photocystoscopy . The telescope used in photocystoscopy has more improved resolution and homogeneous brightness through its field of view than the conventional telescope, Olympus O 3405. The photographic image of the bladder interior taken by the Polaroid camera has a good color and fine resolution but its size which is 2.5 cm in diameter is too small for clinical use. Color instantographs by the Polaroid camera are most appropriate for use in photocystoscopy , but many devices and improvements are necessary before it can be used routinely.

Cystoscopes↗
PubMed1983

[A long-term survival after partial nephrectomy in a case of pelvic tumor arising in a solitary kidney].

A 44-year-old man was admitted on January 21, 1975 because of asymptomatic hematuria. The patient had nephrectomy of his left kidney due to nephritis at the age of three. Cystoscopy revealed no abnormalities, and excretory urography showed an irregular filling defect and slight ectasia in right upper calyx. A clinical diagnosis of pelvic tumor of the right kidney was made and partial nephrectomy was performed on April 18, 1975. The resected kidney was 4.5 X 5.0 X 6.5 cm in greatest dimension and the tumor was well localized in the upper calyx. Pathological diagnosis was transitional cell carcinoma, papillary, grade 11, stage 1. About 2 years after the operation, the patient developed a rice-sized tumor in the bladder neck followed by transurethral resection. Otherwise he is in good condition to date, 7 years and 4 months after the partial nephrectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Fluorescence anisotropy of labeled F-actin: influence of divalent cations on the interaction between F-actin and myosin heads.

The interaction between F-actin and soluble proteolytic fragments of myosin, heavy meromyosin and myosin subfragment 1 without ATP, has been studied by measuring the static anisotropy and the transient anisotropy decay of the fluorescent chromophore N-(iodoacetyl)-N'-(5-sulfo-1-naphthyl) ethylenediamine bound to F-actin. In the presence of Ca2+ ions, the mobility of the chromophore was strongly decreased by adding heavy meromyosin or myosin subfragment 1, and this conformation change of F-actin showed a strong cooperativity; that is, a very small amount of myosin heads induced the maximum anisotropy change. On the other hand, in the presence of Mg2+ ions, the addition of a small amount of myosin subfragment 1 or of heavy meromyosin increased the mobility of labeled F-actin that reached a maximum at a molar ratio of about 1/25 or 1/50, respectively. With further addition of myosin heads, the mobility of the labeled actin decreased. From these studies, one concludes that F-actin undergoes a conformation change by interacting with myosin heads, which depends on the nature of the divalent cations present in the solution.

Actins↗
PubMed1982

Fluorescence anisotropy of labelled F-actin. Influence of Ca2+ on the flexibility of F-actin.

We measured the fluorescence static anisotropy and the time-resolved fluorescence anisotropy decay of F-actin labelled with N-iodoacetyl-N'-(5-sulfo-1-naphthyl)ethylenediamine at 20 degrees C in solutions containing 100 mM KCl and free Ca2+ at various concentrations. The average fluorescence anisotropy and the fluorescence rotational correlation time of actin decreased in the presence of micromolar concentrations of free Ca2+. The change of the rotational correlation time of labelled actin could not be explained by a variation of the actin critical concentration. We concluded therefore that F-actin undergoes a conformational change induced by Ca2+ binding. The binding constant was 6 X 10(6) M-1.

Actins↗
PubMed1982

Cytochrome reductase activities in rat brain microsomes during development.

Postnatal developmental alterations of microsomal NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase and NADPH-cytochrome c reductase activities were determined in the brain of rats. The reductase activities increased from a low level in the immature brain to a maximum level at 23 to 30 days of age, and then decreased slightly to a plateau. The periods of the activity increments were in accord with those of the enhancement of microsomal fatty acid elongation. The specific activities of these reductases were high in cerebral hemispheres and medulla oblongata, intermediate in midbrain, and lowest in cerebellum of the four regions of 20-day-old rat brain.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[An autopsy case of Parkinson's disease associated clinically with dementia terminating in akinetic mutism and pathologically with multiple Lewy's Bodies in the cerebral cortex].

An autopsy case of a 50 year-old male with Parkinson's disease associated with multiple Lewy bodies in the cerebral cortex was reported. His clinical symptoms began at the age of 26 with the speech and actions indicative of a persecution complex accompanied by irritability and were followed by progressive dementia from the age of 37 and Parkinsonism since the age of 41. He was in a state of akinetic mutism thereafter till his death at the age of 50. Autopsy disclosed in addition to the typical findings of Parkinson's disease in the brain stem multiple intracytoplasmic Lewy bodies in medium-sized neurons of the fifth and sixth layers of the cerebral cortex. They were atypical in the sense that they did not have any haloes. They were especially numerous in the cingulate gyrus. In addition, findings of non-specific neuronal degeneration were obtained in the cerebral cortex such as cellular atrophy with massive deposition of lipofuscin pigments, central chromatolysis, cell loss and cellular gliosis in the third, fifth and sixth layers. These neuronal findings were also prominent in the cingulate gyrus. Such senile changes as senile plaques or granulo-vacuolar degeneration were not found, although there were a few foci of neurofibrillary degeneration in the hippocampal gyrus. Histochemically and electron microscopically, no difference was observed in the constituents of Lewy bodies between the brain stem and the cerebral cortex. Such autopsy findings and a review of the literature indicate that the dementia in this case may be related not only to the presence of Lewy bodies but also to the above-described, non-specific neuronal degeneration in the bilateral cingulate gyri and surrounding frontal gyri. The standpoint of regarding a Parkinson's disease with multiple Lewy bodies in the cerebral cortex as an independent disease entity was criticized.

Akinetic Mutism↗