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Biomedical subjects

M Miglioli

Publications and source records attributed to M Miglioli.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Retrospective studies of early gastric cancer in a high incidence area of Italy.

Frequency and characteristics of early gastric cancer (egc) were evaluated in a retrospective study of 511 surgical specimens of gastric carcinoma. We observed a total of 46 egc in 40 patients. The predominant macroscopic type was IIc, followed by I and III. On the basis of histological appearance, 25 egc were of intestinal type and 15 of diffuse type. Seventy-six per cent of egc were localized at the lesser curvature of the stomach and in particular at the pyloric antrum. Twenty-two egc were limited to the muscosal layer. no relationship was observed between macroscopic type or histological characters, and tumour staging. As Italy can be considered a high-risk country for gastric carcinoma and because this disease is in many respects similar to that observed in Japan, it seems possible to obtain a reduction of the death rate for gastric cancer by increasing, as in Japan, the number of cancers diagnosed in the early phase.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Effect of various stimulants and inhibitors of gastric acid secretion on mucosal potential difference in man.

Pentagastrin and histamine in doses effective in stimulating gastric acid secretion (5 microgram/kg/h intravenously and 25 microgram/kg intramuscularly, respectively) produce a significant decrease in the gastric mucosal potential difference (PD) in man. In contrast, atropine and cimetidine (2 mg/30 min intravenously and 4.5 mg/kg/h intravenously respectively) cause a significant increase in gastric PD. The subsequent or simultaneous administration of cimetidine reverses the effect of the stimulating agents on gastric PD and pH. Similarly, the subsequent administration of pentagastrin reverses the effect of atropine. The intragastric instillation of 100 c HCl 0.1 N increases significantly the gastric PD valuesp in this case the patterns of PD and pH changes are dissimilar. This study indicates that substances that modify gastric acid secretion also induce changes in gastric PD; this last effect does not seem to depend on variations of the intragastric pH. Therefore, in the clinical evaluation of the gastric PD in man, its multifactorial origin must alway be considered.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Cerebral hemispheric lateralization of cognitive deficits due to alcoholism.

Twenty chronic alcoholics and a group of matched control subjects were tested on verbal and visuospatial memory tasks in order to test directly the hypothesis that alcoholism disturbs cognitive functions subserved by the right hemisphere more than those subserved by the left hemisphere. The results provide some support for the hypothesis and indicate that information may be lost by pooling together test results from alcoholics which come from a mixture of verbal and nonverbal tasks.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Pirenzepine in duodenal ulcer. A multicentre double-blind controlled clinical trial, First of two parts.

Eighty-four patients with endoscopically-proved active duodenal ulcer were admitted to a multicentre double-blind trial with either pirenzepine tablets (25 mg three times per day for 1 week followed by 25 mg two times per day for 3 weeks) or placebo. Seventy-nine patients completed the trial, 44 treated with pirenzepine and 35 with placebo. After 4 weeks, complete healing had been achieved in 52% of the pirenzepine-treated patients and in 34% of the placebo-treated ones. Symptomatic responses were signigicantly better in those receiving pirenzepine than in those receiving placebo. In addition, the supplementary antacid consumption was significantly lesser in the pirenzepine group than in the placebo group. No important side-effects were observed in the two groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Pirenzepine in duodenal ulcer. A multicentre double-blind controlled clinical trial. Second of two parts.

Ninety-six patients with endoscopically proved active duodenal ulcers were admitted to a multicentre double-blind trial with either pirenzepine (100 mg/day, 25 mg in the morning and midday and 50 mg at bed time) or placebo for 4 weeks. Ninety-two patients (46 in each group) completed the trial. After 4 weeks, complete healing had been achieved in 70% of the pirenzepine-treated patients and in 32% of the placebo-treated ones (P less than 0.01). No important side-effects and no abnormal changes in blood values or urinalysis were observed during treatment. The difference in the ulcer healing rates observed in the two parts of this multicentre trial is briefly discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Pirenzepine and carbenozolone in gastric ulcer. Preliminary results of a multicentre double-blind controlled clinical trial.

Pirenzepine (PRZ) 75 mg/day for 1 week followed by 50 mg/day for 3 weeks did not show a good activity in gastric ulcer healing in comparison to carbenoxolone (CB) (300 mg/day for 1 week followed by 200 mg/day for 3 weeks). The tolerability of PRZ seemed to be better than that of CB. The increase in the daily dose of PRZ to 100 mg/day for 4 weeks led to better results in the patients who have completed satisfactorily the treatment up to now. PRZ's tolerability was greater than CB's. The results of this study are preliminary to further trial.

Anti-Ulcer Agents↗
PubMed1977

[Ascites in chronic pancreatitides. Report of 2 cases].

2 cases of alcoholic chronic pancreatitis complicated by ascites are described. Both presented a cystic formation in the pancreas. In the first, a direct communication existed between the cystic and peritoneal cavities with passage of pancreatic secretion and serous membrane inflammatory reaction. The literature shows that this mechanism is the one most frequently responsible for ascites in chronic pancreatitis. For diagnosis, demonstration of high amylase and proteins in the ascitic fluid was decisive. Internal drainage of the cyst carried out in one of the two cases resolved the picture.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Endoscopic assessment of acute inflammation of the ileal reservoir after restorative ileo-anal anastomosis.

Forty-seven patients, undergoing ileo-anal anastomosis for ulcerative colitis (42) or familial polyposis (5), were endoscopically examined after protective ileostomy or after restorative ileo-anal anastomosis. The neorectum and the ileum above were examined in all cases and multiple biopsies were taken. No symptoms of pouch inflammation were found in 41 subjects; 80.5% of these had non-macroscopic lesions and 19.5% had focal lesions such as congestion, petechiae, mucous hypersecretion (5), or single ulcers (3). None of these developed pouchitis. Pouchitis was observed in the other six subjects, who all underwent surgery for ulcerative colitis and developed 14 clinical episodes of pouchitis during the follow-up. In these cases the entire neorectum mucosa was always affected by the lesions which, in 50%, also extended to the ileum above. The most common endoscopic features (71.4%) were congestion, potechiae, oozing areas, mucous hypersecretion, and multiple superficial ulcers. In half the remaining cases (14.3%) the neorectum showed the features, described above, while the upper ileum was affected by deep round or irregular ulcers within normal mucosa; Crohn's disease was excluded in these cases. In the remaining 14.3%, pouchitis showed a pseudomembranous feature. In our experience, the endoscopic pattern of pouchitis is polymorphic. Although an ulcerative colitis-like feature prevails, pseudomembranous and Crohn's ileitis-like features may also be present.

Adenomatous Polyposis Coli↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Multicentre comparative study of two schedules of gabexate mesilate in the treatment of acute pancreatitis. Italian Acute Pancreatitis Study Group.

AIM: To compare the efficacy of two different schedules of gabexate mesilate (900 mg/day, or 1,500 mg/day) in the treatment of severe acute pancreatitis. SETTING: Forty-two Italian medical and surgical centres took part in the study. STUDY DESIGN: A multicentre, prospective, open label, comparative, parallel-group, randomized study. METHODS: The patients enrolled in the study had acute pancreatitis as demonstrated by typical abdominal pain and baseline serum amylase concentrations more than twice the upper normal limit, findings compatible with acute pancreatitis at imaging techniques, and a Glasgow criteria score of > or =3. Patients were randomly assigned to one of the two schedules of treatment with gabexate mesilate being administered intravenously for at least 7 days. The minimum clinically relevant difference (delta), between groups, in incidence of complications due to acute pancreatitis, during the first month of the study treatment, was predefined as equal to 10%. RESULTS: A total of 199 patients were assigned to gabexate mesilate 900 treatment and 189 to gabexate mesilate 1,500. Complications developed in 88 patients within one month of beginning treatment 44/199: patients (22.1%) in the gabexate mesilate 900 group and 44/189 patients (23.3%) in the gabexate mesilate 1,500 group (difference 1.2%; 95% confidence interval: -7.2; 9.5%). CONCLUSIONS: Gabexate mesilate 900 mg per day is as effective as gabexate mesilate 1,500 mg per day in reducing the complications due to acute pancreatitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Biliary surgery without the surgeon!

Since the introduction of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in the 1970s and of endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) in 1974, endoscopic techniques for the diagnosis and therapy of biliary and pancreatic disorders have proliferated. Although some procedures have become part of routine practice, for example EST for postcholecystectomy bile duct stones and stent insertion for inoperable biliary strictures, the place of others is unclear at present and should be evaluated by prospective randomized clinical trials. The choice of either an endoscopic or a transhepatic approach for biliary disease is usually dictated by local expertise, but these should be regarded as complementary rather than competing techniques, and complex biliary problems should be managed jointly by the endoscopist, interventional radiologist and hepatobiliary surgeon.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Optimal nutritional indexes in gastroenterology.

Malnutrition in gastrointestinal disease can result from several pathogenetic mechanisms. The resulting clinical and laboratory features of malnutrition vary according to the specific pathogenetic factors involved. Many of the causes of malnutrition in gastroenterology are similar to those found in other acute and chronic diseases. However, certain disorders, specific to gastroenterology, may alter nutritional indices independent of the usual causes of malnutrition. These include small bowel bacterial overgrowth and protein-losing enteropathy. The impact of these disorders on the indexes of nutritional status is discussed.

Gastrointestinal Diseases↗