Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Miglioli

Publications and source records attributed to M Miglioli.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Early gastric cancer. Clinico-pathological analysis of 125 cases of early gastric cancer (EGC).

The frequency and the pathological findings of 125 early gastric cancers (ECGs), and particularly of small and minute lesions, were evaluated in a retrospective study of 839 surgical specimens of gastric carcinoma. Sixty two ECGs were believed to have risen from gastric epithelium, 27 from areas of intestinal metaplasia, and 3 from cardio-pyloric mucosa. The remaining lesions showed mixed histological patterns. The most frequent macroscopic type was IIc (24.8%) followed by IIb (16.8%), I (16.8%), and III (14.4%). In 63 cases (50.4%) the cancer was limited to the mucosa. In all specimens, and particularly in small and minute lesions, the surrounding mucosa was accurately analyzed to detect any lesions, from which the cancer could have developed. Intestinal ECGs, especially if protruded, seem to arise from areas of intestinal metaplasia or of chronic atrophic gastritis. Rarely ECGs seem to stem from polypoid lesions both hyperplastic and adenomatous. On the contrary, most important seems to be the role of ulcerative lesions, since in 14 cases of our series, carcinomatous foci were observed within the regenerative epithelium covering the crater. No correlation was found between histologic type, size, staging, and frequency of node metastasis; this suggests the existence of ECGs with different biologic behaviour.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Hypersensitivity of gastric parietal cells to selective H2-receptor stimulation in duodenal ulcer.

According to previous studies, duodenal ulcer patients not only secrete more acid than normal subjects, but are also more sensitive to pentagastrin stimulation. The aim of this study was to investigate whether hypersensitivity of parietal cells also occurs with specific H2-receptor agonists such as impromidine. Twelve duodenal ulcer patients and 12 healthy volunteers were admitted to the study. After 30 minutes of basal secretion, impromidine was infused at increasing doses (2.5; 5.0; 10.0; 20 micrograms/kg-1/h-1) in both groups of subjects. The gastric acid secretion was significantly higher in the duodenal ulcer group. The percentage, for each dose, of the calculated maximal response (CMR) was always higher in the patient group, and the difference with respect to the control group, was always higher in the patient group, and the difference, with respect to the control group, was statistically significant. Also, the average D50 was significantly lower in the duodenal ulcer group. Drug safety evaluation confirmed the presence of reversible dose-dependent pharmacological side effects. This study showed that parietal cells are more sensitive to highly selective H2-receptor agonists such as impromidine. These results add further information to the physiopathological features of duodenal ulcer.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

A single-specimen fecal chymotrypsin test in the diagnosis of pancreatic insufficiency: correlation with secretin-cholecystokinin and NBT-PABA tests.

An investigation of fecal chymotrypsin activity on spot fecal specimens was carried out in three groups of subjects, divided as follows: 45 healthy controls (group C); 36 patients with gastroenterological diseases of extrapancreatic origin (group VP); and 42 patients with chronic pancreatitis (group CP). Nineteen patients of group CP underwent pancreozymin-secretin and NBT-PABA tests. The following results, expressed as mg of chymotrypsin/g of feces, were obtained: C = 0.610 +/- 0.203; CP = 0.291 +/- 0.154, p less than 0.001; VP = 0.560 +/- 0.234. FCT showed a sensitivity rate of 78.5% and a specificity rate of 71.6%. The fecal output of chymotrypsin correlated well with the pancreatic secretion of chymotrypsin (r = 0.59, p less than 0.01) and with the percentage of recovery of urinary PABA (r = 0.44, p less than 0.05). We conclude that chymotrypsin assay by the described method on spot stool specimens is a simple, reliable technique which may be considered a good screening test for pancreatic insufficiency. The test will not detect minimal pancreatic disease or minimal pancreatic dysfunction.

4-Aminobenzoic Acid↗
PubMed1984

Intestinal morphological changes during oral refeeding in a patient previously treated with total parenteral nutrition for small bowel resection.

This report describes a patient who, after a subtotal resection of small intestine for an embolic obstruction of the superior mesenteric artery, was maintained on total parenteral nutrition for 30 days and then refed. Cytoproliferative analysis of the intestinal mucosa, evaluated by peroral biopsies performed on days 1, 5, 14 and 30 after oral refeeding, demonstrated an increase in cell proliferation from 1 to 14 days after refeeding, followed by a return to starting values after 30 days. On days 1 and 5, we saw an intestinal hypoplasia that became a hyperplasia after 14 days of oral refeeding. Our data confirm the importance of oral nutrition for the small intestinal response after resection.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Proliferative and antigenic properties of rectal cells in patients with chronic ulcerative colitis.

Two markers related to preneoplasia were studied simultaneously in ulcerative colitis (UC). The renewal of the rectal epithelial cells together with expression of second-trimester fetal antigen (STFA) were evaluated in nine patients with UC and four healthy subjects. Endoscopic biopsies were incubated with tritiated thymidine. Cell renewal was studied with microautoradiography, and the antigenic properties of the cells were evaluated by indirect immunofluorescence. At the time of the study, all the UC patients were in a mildly active or in a quiescent stage of the disease; their biopsies did not show dysplastic or neoplastic changes in epithelial cells. STFA was expressed in five UC patients. The analysis of cell renewal in this group revealed a shift of the proliferative compartment towards the luminal surface of the colonic crypts. By contrast, the patient group with STFA-negative reactions showed a pattern of cell proliferation similar to that observed in the controls. These results suggest that the expression of STFA in colonic mucosa is associated with an expansion of the epithelial stem cell population or with arrested cell differentiation, and it may represent a phenotypic marker of proneness of the mucosa toward neoplastic development.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Circadian rhythm of gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) in man.

The diurnal variations of serum gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP), serum insulin, plasma glucagon, plasma glucose and serum triglycerides were studied for 24 hr in 6 healthy young men, consuming three meals and performing their usual physical activities. Serum GIP levels peaked after each meal and stayed significantly elevated from the peak after lunch till late night. Glucose and insulin showed early and short-lasting postprandial peaks, declining thereafter to basal values within a short time. Plasma glucagon was inhibited by the meal ingestion and fluctuated around the basal levels in the interdigestive periods. On the other hand, serum triglycerides tended to parallel GIP changes for most of the day, being significantly elevated starting from lunch consumption to late night. The present results suggest that GIP may have effects other than the insulinogenic one, being probably involved in the control of lipid metabolism.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Not Available].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

History, Modern 1601-↗
PubMed1982

Adrenergic modulation of gastric inhibitory polypeptide secretion in man.

In order to examine the effect of adrenergic influences on gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) secretion, a series of glucose tolerance tests was carried out in seven healthy volunteers during intravenous infusion of epinephrine (6 microgram/min), epinephrine plus phentolamine (5 mg stat + 0.5 mg/min), epinephrine plus propranolol (5 mg stat + 0.08 mg/min), and saline. No drug infusion modified fasting GIP levels. Alpha-adrenergic stimulation (epinephrine + propranolol) significantly reduced the GIP response (P less than 0.02) and completely inhibited the insulin response (P less than 0.005) to oral glucose, compared with control experiments. Epinephrine alone and epinephrine + phentolamine did not influence glucose-stimulated GIP. These results suggest the possibility that the adrenergic nervous system may have a role in the regulation of GIP secretion in man.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Antibiotic-associated colitis: always pseudomembranous?

Among the 14 cases of antibiotic-induced colitis, endoscopic features were: in 9 cases typical pseudomembranes, in 4 cases petechiae or ecchymosis or suggillation-like redness with near-to-normal surrounding mucosa. In one case induced by Spiramycin, a macrolide that had never been previously indicated as being responsible for the disease, the endoscopic picture was 'atypical' and directed us towards a severe ulcerative colitis. These forms are very rare and usually limited to the right or transverse colon which suggests, if possible, a total colonoscopy. The nosographic picture of these cases is not quite clear, since they could represent both the most severe stages within 'non-pseudomembranous' antibiotic-induced colitis and autonomous forms whose evolution does not contribute in any way to the formation of pseudomembranes.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Effect of somatostatin on fasting and glucose-stimulated gastric inhibitory polypeptide release in man.

The effect of intravenous somatostatin infusion on circulating gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP), insulin, glucagon and on blood glucose was investigated in 7 healthy volunteers in the fasting state and during the oral ingestion of 75 g glucose. Somatostatin (1.1 microgram/kg/h) infused 30 min before and continued 60 min after the ingestion of glucose did not affect fasting levels of any of the above parameters while it significantly suppressed the GIP and insulin response to glucose. The same somatostatin dose infused 30 min after the ingestion of glucose decreased significantly the raised levels of GIP and insulin and further increased blood glucose levels. It is concluded that somatostatin inhibits GIP release mainly at the level of the GIP-producing cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Gastric inhibitory polypeptide release after oral glucose: relationship to glucose intolerance, diabetes mellitus, and obesity.

Hypersecretion of immunoreactive gastric inhibitory polypeptide (IRGIP) has been reported previously in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and obesity. To ascertain the relative contribution of glucose intolerance and obesity to the abnormalities of IRGIP secretion, 114 subjects were studied during a standard oral glucose (75 g) tolerance test; responses of glucose, insulin, C-peptide, IRGIP, and glucagon were evaluated. The subjects were divided into six subgroups according to body weight and the degree of glucose intolerance. In normal weight subjects, the IRGIP response to oral glucose was significantly higher in the patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and DM than in the healthy control subjects (P less than 0.05). In the obese subjects, no significant differences in mean IRGIP responses could be detected among control, IGT, and DM subjects. In spite of similar IRGIP responses, the obese IGT patients did release more insulin than the obese control subjects, suggesting that incretin factors other than GIP may be operative in this condition. When obese and nonobese patients were compared, the obese subjects with normal glucose tolerance released a greater amount of IRGIP and insulin than the normal weight controls, whereas no significant difference between obese and nonobese could be found within the IGT and DM groups. We conclude that in the absence of obesity, glucose intolerance may induce IRGIP hypersecretion. On the other hand, obesity is associated with IRGIP hypersecretion, and glucose intolerance has no further effect, indicating a different pathogenetic mechanism for the IRGIP abnormalities. In both the obese and nonobese diabetic groups, IRGIP hypersecretion was associated with a failure of plasma glucagon levels to fall after oral glucose; this effect might be related to the glucagonotropic action of this peptide.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Not Available].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

History, Ancient↗
PubMed1981

Gastric secretion and emptying of liquids in reflex esophagitis.

We have investigated the gastric secretory activity and the emptying half-time of a liquid meal in 17 selected patients with reflex esophagitis compared to 10 controls. The basal acid output and the basal and maximal secretory volume were higher in the patient group (P less than 0.05, P = 0.05, and P less than 0.01, respectively), while the maximal acid output and the basal and maximal acid concentration were not different in the two groups. The gastric emptying half-time of a liquid meal was higher in the patient group (P less than 0.001). Our results show that gastric function may be altered in reflux esophagitis patients and suggest particularly that a delayed emptying of liquids may play a role in the pathogenesis of the disease in some patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Effect of prolonged administration of ranitidine on pituitary and thyroid hormones, and their response to specific hypothalamic-releasing factors.

We have studied, in a double blind controlled trial, 30 male patients with duodenal ulcer to evaluate the effect of prolonged oral administration of ranitidine (150 mg bd for 4 weeks), a new H2-receptor antagonist, on basal PRL, LH, FSH and TSH concentrations, on their response to specific releasing hormones, and on basal and TRH-stimulated levels of thyroid hormones. Neither the basal levels of PRL, FSH, LH and TSH, nor their response to stimulation with appropriate releasing hormone were affected by ranitidine. Basal concentrations of T4 and its levels after TRH stimulation at 40 min (but not at 20, 60 and 120 min) were lower after ranitidine treatment (P less than 0.05); basal and stimulated T3 and rT3 were unaffected. These results could suggest a possible role of histamine in thyroxine regulation but further studies are required.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Inhibition by pirenzepine of nocturnal gastric acid secretion in duodenal ulcer patients.

Ten patients with endoscopically proven duodenal ulcers participated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial to investigate the effect of pirenzepine on nocturnal gastric acid secretion. Pirenzepine, 50 mg orally at bedtime, inhibited acid secretion all night long: the overall volume secreted and acid output (midnight to 7 a.m.) were significantly less than after placebo. The decrease in acid output per hour was significant at 1,2,3,6, and 7 a.m. It was concluded that controlled clinical trials of maintenance therapy for prevention of relapse of healed duodenal ulcers should be carried out with pirenzepine taken at bedtime.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Double blind controlled trial with oxmetidine and cimetidine in the short-term treatment of duodenal ulcer.

Clinical efficacy and safety of oxmetidine (400 mg b.i.d.), a new potent specific H2-receptor antagonist, and cimetidine (1 g/day) were compared in a double-blind randomized trial of 4 weeks duration that involved 39 outpatients with endoscopically proven active duodenal ulcer. The disappearance of the ulcer crater leading to complete reepithelization of the bulbs or to the presence of erosions occurred in 17 out of 19 (89.6%) patients treated with oxmetidine, and in 13 out of 20 (65.0%) patients treated with cimetidine (n.s.). Ulcer symptoms and antacid consumption were not different in two groups. No side effects or significant haematological or biochemical abnormalities were found. Both drugs failed to evoke significant changes in the basal levels of prolactin (PRL) and gonadotropins. The higher, though not significant, percentage of healing obtained with oxmetidine had no clinical relevance and needs to be demonstrated in a larger number of patients.

Adult↗