[MRI imaging in a case of tension athetotic cerebral palsy after severe asphyxia].
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Asphyxia↗
Biomedical subjects
M Matsui
Publications and source records attributed to M Matsui.
Prognostication of nontraumatic avascular necrosis of the femoral head. Significance of location and size of the necrotic lesion.
After reviewing the radiographs of 149 hips with nontraumatic avascular necrosis of the femoral head (ANFH), a method for evaluating the prognosis in patients with ANFH in its early stages was devised. The evaluation was made primarily by classifying the radiographic features of each involved femoral head according to the location and size of its necrotic lesion. In a group of 120 hips, massive collapse occurred without exception in cases where both of the following criteria were true. First, in a standing position, the necrotic lesion involved more than the medial one third of the weight-bearing surface from the anteroposterior view. Second, from the lateral view, the lesion occupied more than 43% of the total area of the femoral head. However, in 29 hips, the extent and size of necrosis was less than the above, and no massive collapse occurred during the follow-up period of three to 15 years (average, 5.2 years). In these 29 hips, function was preserved. These data suggest that hips with a high risk for collapse can be reliably selected during the early stages of ANFH.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
[Successful patch angioplasty for the right coronary artery dissection following selective coronary perfusion].
A case of successful patch angioplasty for the right coronary artery (RCA) orifice dissection following selective coronary perfusion is reported. A 56-year-old woman who had mitral restenosis, aortic stenosis, and atrial fibrillation with bradycardia-tachycardia syndrome was referred to our hospital for operation. The operation, which contained aortic valve replacement and mitral commissurotomy, was performed with hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass and crystalloid cardioplegic arrest. The ascending aorta was opened, and selective coronary perfusion was performed. The right coronary cannula was difficult to insert and dislodged several times. At the second infusion of the cardioplegic solution, the right coronary orifice and ascending aortic wall was dissected. The dissection extended to the proximal RCA. The aortotomy was extended into the RCA beyond its orifice. The Xenomedica pericardial patch was used to enlarge the diameter of the RCA with closing the dissected cavity. Then the patch was brought onto the side of the aorta and the aortotomy was closed in the usual manner. Post operative coronary angiography revealed widely patent RCA orifice and good runoff. Two years after operation the patient is free of angina with unlimited physical activity.
Aortic Dissection↗
Circadian regulation of per repeat mRNA in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of rat brain.
We have recently reported fluctuations in the expression of the period repeat sequence (pp2.5) during light-dark cycles in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of rat [Neurosci. Lett., 122 (1991) 113-116]. Presently, we performed in situ hybridization which shows that the fluctuation of pp2.5 expression continues during constant darkness conditions in the SCN of rat. The light exposure during subjective night but not subjective day triggered its elevated expression in a time-dependent manner which is parallel to that of c-fos expression. The results suggest the involvement of pp2.5 in the entrainment pathway of the circadian rhythm in rodent SCN.
Animals↗
Autopsy report of acute necrotizing opticomyelopathy associated with thyroid cancer.
We report an autopsied case of paraneoplastic necrotizing myelopathy. The patient had bilateral blindness, quadriplegia, and dyspnea of acute onset and died without remission 7 weeks later. The severe tissue necrosis and demyelination were found in the optic chiasm and from the medulla oblongata throughout the whole length of spinal cord. A papillary carcinoma was found in the thyroid gland at autopsy. In the present case IgG, myelin basic protein and activated helper T cells were increased in the CSF at onset, suggesting a mechanism of autoimmune demyelination for the condition.
Autoimmune Diseases↗
Alternative transcripts of the human CD23/Fc epsilon RII. A possible novel mechanism of generating a soluble isoform in the type-II cell surface receptor.
Human CD23/Fc epsilon RII is a 45 kDa type-II membrane glycoprotein having two isoforms (a and b) that only differ in the structures of their intracytoplasmic tails. CD23/Fc epsilon RII has been demonstrated to have multiple roles in the immune system such as regulation of lymphocyte growth and differentiation and IgE-mediated immune responses. Here, we found that the human B-cell line RPMI8866, in addition to a and b transcripts, contained shorter transcripts (a' and b') that lack the entire third exon. These alternative transcripts were also detected in peripheral blood lymphocytes as well as other hematopoietic cell lines with CD23/Fc epsilon RII. Because exon 3 encodes all of the transmembrane segment and the anchoring region of the cytoplasmic tail, it is suggested that a' and b' transcripts encode secretory forms of CD23/Fc epsilon RII or they may function as regulatory transcripts involved in the control of CD23/Fc epsilon RII expression.
Alternative Splicing↗
[Evaluation of the blood flow in lung disease with color Doppler flow imaging].
Blood flow within the lesions was evaluated in 6 patients of lung cancer and in 4 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis with color Doppler flow imaging. Three different signal types were noted: pulsatile signal was detected in all patients with lung cancer and in 2 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, continuous signal was only detected in 3 patients with lung cancer, triphasic signal was detected in 4 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and in 2 patients with lung cancer. It was seemed to be that triphasic signal was blood flow signal in peripheral vessel of pulmonary vein and color Doppler flow imaging was useful for evaluation of blood flow patterns in lung disease.
Adenocarcinoma↗
[Evaluation of the blood flow in tumors before and after irradiation with color Doppler flow imaging].
The blood flow in tumors of three patients with lung cancer, cancer in oral cavity and metastatic lymphnode was respectively evaluated before and after irradiation with color Doppler flow imaging. The arterial pulsating flow in lung cancer disappeared after 30 Gy irradiation and that in cancer of oral cavity disappeared after 15 Gy irradiation with intraarterial infusion chemotherapy. But the arterial pulsating flow in metastatic lymphnode was detected during irradiation and disappeared after 40 days post- irradiation. Therefore color Doppler flow imaging seemed to be useful for evaluation of the blood flow in tumors before and after irradiation.
Aged↗
Inhibition of rat liver hydroxysteroid sulfotransferase activity by alkylamines.
Triethylamine, which was used as an elution solvent for column chromatography to purify chemically synthesized 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS), was a potent inhibitor of rat liver sulfotransferase (ST) activities toward androsterone and dehydroepiandrosterone, but not ST activities toward cortisol and 2-naphthol. Examination of fourteen primary, secondary and tertiary amines revealed that a secondary amine, di-n-butylamine, and three tertiary amines, triethylamine, tri-n-propylamine and tri-n-butylamine, specifically inhibited ST activities toward androgen.
Amines↗
Developmental changes in the isoelectric variants of rat hepatic hydroxysteroid sulphotransferase.
Major isoenzymes of androsterone-sulphating sulphotransferase (AD-ST) were isolated from liver cytosols of weanling and young adult female rats and their isoelectric properties were compared. On chromatofocusing the enzyme activity of young adults was eluted over a wider range of pH than was that of weanling rats. The activity at pH 7.8-7.2 (fraction I) is obvious at both ages, whereas the activity eluted over the pH 6.6-5.5 range (fraction II) is much lower in weanlings than in young adults. The AD-ST activities eluted in fractions I and II were separately purified by 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphate-agarose affinity chromatography at both ages. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of the isolated enzyme revealed several subunits with distinct pI values, but with the same molecular mass, namely 30 kDa. The relative levels of the pI 6.7 and pI 7.2 subunits are high and the relative level of the pI 6.1 is low in fraction I. In fraction II, the levels of pI 6.1 and pI 6.7 subunits are high and the level of the pI 7.2 subunit is low. There is no significant difference in the relative levels of the pI variants in each fraction between weanlings and young adults. The N-terminal amino acid sequences of the pI variants are identical within the area determined, irrespective of animal age or pI values. These results demonstrate that the pI variants of AD-ST are derived from the same precursor by post-translational modification or that they are products of closely related, but distinct, genes. The pI 6.1 and 6.7 subunits presumably increased during the development from the weanling stage to adulthood, resulting in the increase in acidic form(s) of AD-ST (fraction II) in adult females.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
[Usefulness of color Doppler flow imaging for blood flow in salivary gland].
We investigated the arterial and venous blood flow response in submandibular gland to secretory stimulation using color doppler flow imaging in six normal subjects. During examination secretory stimulation by lemon juice was used. The arterial and venous flow markedly increased after secretory stimulation in all normal subject. It was seemed to be that color doppler flow imaging was of value in evaluation of the blood flow in salivary gland.
Adult↗
Structure-activity relationship of a series of phenylureas linked to 4-phenylimidazole. Novel potent inhibitors of acyl-CoA:cholesterol O-acyltransferase with antiatherosclerotic activity. 2.
In our continuing search to find systemically bioavailable ACAT (acyl-CoA:cholesterol O-acyltransferase) inhibitors with more potent antiatherosclerotic effect than N-[2-(dimethylamino)-6-[3-(5-methyl-4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl)propoxy] phenyl]-N'-pentylurea (3), a series of phenylureas linked to 4-phenylimidazole were synthesized and evaluated for in vitro inhibitory activity toward both aortic and intestinal ACATs, and for in vivo hypocholesterolemic activity. The structure-activity relationships (SARs) were studied by strategic modification of five regions in the molecule of 3, i.e., by introducing functional groups or exchanging carbon atoms for heteroatoms. The SAR studies allowed us to select optimum substituents in the five regions, as follows. (1) Dimethylamino was convertible into nitro, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, and chloro. On the basis of preliminary pharmacokinetic studies, the methyl group in the ortho-position of the phenylurea was selected. (2) Butyl, pentyl, isopentyl, and neopentyl were better substituents in the urea moiety. (3) Propoxy was the optimal moiety in the bridging portion. (4) Proton, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, hydroxymethyl, and chloro were better substituents at the 5-position of the imidazole moiety. (5) An unsubstituted phenyl ring was selected as the phenyl group of phenylimidazole. The subsequent comparison studies of compounds containing various combinations of the optimum substituents in each region resulted in the selection of two compounds (67, 68) for further pharmacological and toxicological testing. These compounds were orally bioavailable, and possessed potent in vitro aortic ACAT inhibitory activity (IC50 = 0.16 and 0.012 microM, respectively) and in vivo cholesterol lowering effect (46% and 52% at 1 mg/kg po, respectively). In particular, 68 was 10-fold more potent in the in vitro aortic ACAT assay and 5-fold more potent with respect to hypocholesterolemic activity in vivo than 3.
Animals↗
Double-blind pilot trial of oral tolerization with myelin antigens in multiple sclerosis.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is thought to be an autoimmune disease mediated by T lymphocytes that recognize myelin components of the central nervous system. In a 1-year double-blind study, 30 individuals with relapsing-remitting MS received daily capsules of bovine myelin or a control protein to determine the effect of oral tolerization to myelin antigens on the disease. Six of 15 individuals in the myelin-treated group had at least one major exacerbation; 12 or 15 had an attack in the control group. T cells reactive with myelin basic protein were reduced in the myelin-treated group. No toxicity or side effects were noted. Although conclusions about efficacy cannot be drawn from these data, they open an area of investigation for MS and other autoimmune diseases.
Adult↗
Roles of the six peptide-binding pockets of the HLA-A2 molecule in allorecognition by human cytotoxic T-cell clones.
To evaluate the contribution of the major histocompatibility complex class I pockets to the binding of self-peptides recognized by alloreactive cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) clones, we have constructed an extensive library of HLA-A2 mutants with different amino acid substitutions in each of the six pockets. When these mutants were tested in cytotoxicity assays with a panel of HLA-A2-specific alloreactive CTL clones, each CTL clone showed a unique pattern of reactivity, implying the different contributions of each pocket to binding individual peptides. We noted that the majority of the mutants in pocket B significantly affect recognition by the CTL clones. Unexpectedly, the mutations influencing allorecognition are found in all other pockets as well. Overall, this study demonstrates that each of the six peptide-binding pockets plays an important and distinct role in binding of self-peptides required for recognition of the HLA-A2 molecule by alloreactive CTLs.
Cell Death↗
Occurrence of primary biliary cirrhosis, CREST syndrome and Sjögren's syndrome in a patient with HTLV-I-associated myelopathy.
We report the occurrence of three autoimmune diseases (primary biliary cirrhosis, CREST syndrome and Sjögren's syndrome) in a patient with HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (HAM). The patient had the depressed cell-mediated immune responses but the infiltration of CD8-T cells was found in the cerebrospinal fluid and liver. The clinical and immunological features of this case are similar to those of chronic graft-versus-host disease.
Biopsy↗
Cerebrospinal fluid interferon-gamma is increased in HTLV-I-associated myelopathy.
Serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) were assayed with an immunoenzymetric method in 16 patients with HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (HAM). IFN-gamma levels were elevated in serum of two patients and in CSF of nine. Although there was no significant association between the clinical features and the CSF IFN-gamma levels, the mean levels of CSF IgG and CSF anti-HTLV-I antibody titer were higher in patients with elevated CSF IFN-gamma levels than in those with normal CSF IFN-gamma levels.
Adult↗
Potential role of thymoma and other mediastinal tumors in the pathogenesis of myasthenia gravis.
Ten non-myasthenic thymoma patients and 12 patients with other mediastinal tumors were compared with 19 myasthenic thymoma patients with regard to an increase in circulating CD4+CD8+ cells and the presence of anti-acetylcholine receptor and anti-skeletal muscle antibodies. Although seven non-myasthenic thymoma patients showed positive results, the proportion of myasthenic thymoma patients who were positive for more than one parameter was significantly larger than that of non-myasthenic thymoma patients (89% vs. 40%). Moreover, one patient with a non-thymomatous mediastinal tumor showing a high CD4+CD8+ cell level had a recent history of seronegative myasthenia gravis. The results indicate that measurements of these parameters may predict the risk of the development of MG in patients with thymoma and other mediastinal tumors.
Adult↗
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-1 increase in cerebrospinal fluid, but not in serum, of HTLV-I-associated myelopathy.
Based on our previous finding of elevated interferon-gamma levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), but not in serum, of HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (HAM), we assayed serum and CSF levels of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in 20 HAM. GM-CSF and IL-1 also increased only in the CSF in 75% and 35%, respectively, of 20 HAM. TNF-alpha was not detected in any of the sera and CSFs. Multiple cytokines may be produced in the central nervous system and play an important role in HAM.
Adult↗