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Biomedical subjects

M Matsuda

Publications and source records attributed to M Matsuda.

At least 1,099 records · Page 61Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Photokeratoscopy in fitting contact lens after penetrating keratoplasty.

The formula based on keratometric readings which is generally used is unsatisfactory for fitting contact lenses after penetrating keratoplasty, possibly owing to lack of information on the peripheral corneal toricity. In these studies a photokeratoscope was used to examine the entire graft topography. In all cases the corneal configuration became more normal after suture removal, but a considerable toricity still remained, especially near the graft-host junction. One month after removal of sutures spherical hard contact lenses (polymethylmethacrylate, PMMA) were fitted to 30 patients in accordance with data obtained by computerised analysis of the photokeratograms. Of the 30 patients (contact lens wearers) 27 (90%) obtained a stable vision of better than 20/30 for eight hours daily, and 24 (80%) achieved a stable vision of 20/20 for their full waking hours. After one year the contact lens wearers showed a significant decrease in the extent of astigmatism when compared with the non-contact-lens wearers (10 patients). These results suggest that the photokeratoscope can be more useful than ordinary keratometers in fitting contact lenses after keratoplasty, and that hard contact lenses have moulding effects on the graft topography.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Reliability of non-invasive estimates of pulmonary hypertension by pulsed Doppler echocardiography.

The duration of the acceleration phase of pulmonary systolic flow was measured by pulsed Doppler echocardiography in 39 normal subjects and 67 patients with heart disease to evaluate the reliability of this Doppler index as an estimate of pulmonary arterial pressure. The mean (SD) Doppler index in patients with abnormal mean pulmonary arterial pressure (greater than 15 mm Hg) was significantly shorter than that in normal subjects (110 (30) ms vs 150 (10) ms). The Doppler index was significantly related to the mean pulmonary arterial pressure (r = -0.75) the pulmonary blood flow (r = 0.46), and the total pulmonary vascular resistance (r = -0.68). Forty four of 45 patients with an abnormal index (less than or equal to 120 ms) showed abnormal mean pressure (greater than 15 mm Hg). Without exception patients with a low index (less than or equal to 90 ms) had distinct pulmonary hypertension (greater than or equal to 25 mm Hg). Twelve of 22 patients with a normal index (greater than or equal to 130 ms), however, also showed abnormal pressures. Nine of the 12 had an atrial septal defect and they had high pulmonary arterial pressure associated with high blood flow. Eighteen patients with valvar heart disease, whose mean pulmonary arterial pressure ranged from 16 mm Hg to 24 mm Hg, had a significantly shorter acceleration phase and a higher total vascular resistance than 11 patients with atrial septal defect in whom the pressure range was similar (120(20) ms vs 140 (20) ms, 3.8 (1.1) hybrid resistance unit vs 1.6 (0.5)). Thus although the acceleration time of the pulmonary systolic flow is useful for the evaluation of pulmonary hypertension, it is a complex index that is affected not only by pulmonary arterial pressure but also by pulmonary blood flow and pathological changes in the pulmonary vascular bed.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Bronchial brushing and bronchial biopsy: comparison of diagnostic accuracy and cell typing reliability in lung cancer.

A total of 443 patients with lung cancer underwent brush and forceps biopsy through a fibreoptic bronchoscope. The biopsy was taken from the area of suspected malignancy which had been brushed. Of 443 patients, 400 (90.3%) showed positive results on brushing and 287 (64.8%) on biopsy. A combination of both techniques yielded the highest percentage of positive diagnosis (93.7%). Histologically, there was a high incidence of positive diagnosis for squamous and small cell carcinoma. One hundred and three (83.7%) of 123 specimens obtained by brushing and 75 (81.5%) of 92 specimens obtained by biopsy agreed with the cell type found in the surgical or necropsy specimen. Cell typing accuracy was higher in squamous and in small cell carcinoma in both techniques. As the cell typing accuracy of the two methods is similar, the results obtained by both techniques should be taken into consideration in the management of individual cases of lung cancer.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1986

Inferior vena cava thrombus after retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy for testicular tumor.

A rare case of a thrombus in the inferior vena cava (IVC) after retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy for a testicular tumor is reported. A computed tomograph performed after the operation incidentally showed a filling defect in the IVC. However, it was impossible to decide whether the defect was due to an ordinary or a neoplastic thrombus. For this reason, a thrombectomy was performed, and postoperatively it was diagnosed as an ordinary thrombus. The cause of thrombi found only in the IVC is reviewed and the indication for thrombectomy is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Assessment of left atrial function in patients with hypertensive heart disease.

Left atrial function in patients with hypertensive heart disease was compared with that in control subjects. In patients with hypertensive heart disease, the time constant of left ventricular relaxation was significantly greater than that in controls (54 +/- 18 vs 31 +/- 16 msec; p less than 0.01). The ratio of left ventricular filling volume before atrial contraction (left atrial reservoir volume/left atrial emptying volume before atrial contraction, and conduit volume/flow volume from the pulmonary vein into the left ventricle) to left ventricular stroke volume was significantly smaller than that in controls (65 +/- 13 vs 76 +/- 7%; p less than 0.05). In patients with hypertensive heart disease, the ratio of reservoir volume to stroke volume was not significantly different from that in controls, while the ratio of conduit volume to stroke volume was significantly smaller than that in controls (43 +/- 13 vs 57 +/- 9%; p less than 0.05). The latter ratio was inversely correlated with the time constant of left ventricular relaxation (r = -0.05, p less than 0.05). In patients with hypertensive heart disease, the ratio of left ventricular filling volume during atrial contraction to stroke volume was significantly larger than that in controls (35 +/- 13 vs 24 +/- 7%; p less than 0.05). The ratio of left ventricular filling volume during atrial contraction to stroke volume had a significant inverse correlation with the ratio of conduit volume to stroke volume (r = -0.84, p less than 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1986

The false positive exercise test: usefulness of sublingual nitroglycerin exercise test and cardiac scintigraphy for differentiating from patients with coronary artery disease.

Exercise tests with sublingual nitroglycerin were performed on 7 patients with true positive and 8 patients with false positive exercise test results. Four of 7 patients with true positive changes and 8 patients with false positive changes underwent exercise cardiac scintigraphy. Scintigrams showed perfusion defects in 4 patients with true positive outcomes, and no perfusion defect in 8 patients with false positive outcomes. Exercise tests with sublingual nitroglycerin were performed with the same load as that without nitroglycerin. In all 7 patients with true positive exercise test results, ST segment depression observed in the control exercise test was not observed in the nitroglycerin exercise test. In the false positive patients, ST segment depression observed in the control exercise test remained unchanged in 7 of 8 patients receiving nitroglycerin. Exercise tests with sublingual nitroglycerin as well as exercise cardiac scintigraphy are valuable tods in differentiating false positive from true positive patients. Furthermore, these data suggest that ST segment depression in the false positive patients may not be related to myocardial ischemia.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1986

Regulation of muscle fructose 2, 6-bisphosphate levels by sulfonylureas.

We examined the effect of sulfonylureas on the level of fructose 2, 6-bisphosphate (F-2, 6-P2) in muscle using a mouse hindlimb flow-through perfusion system. The F-2, 6-P2 level in muscle was increased by adding glibenclamide or tolbutamide in a dose-dependent manner. The stimulatory potency of each drug on F-2, 6-P2 formation was parallel to its hypoglycemic potency. Sulfonylurea stimulation of muscle F-2, 6-P2 formation is thought to be an important extrapancreatic action improving the deranged carbohydrate metabolism in diabetics.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Adjuvant effects of tranexamic acid to chemotherapy in ovarian cancer patients with large amount of ascites.

Eleven patients with advanced ovarian carcinoma who had large quantities of ascites during the course of previous chemotherapy were tested with intraperitoneal injections of tranexamic acid, followed by combination chemotherapy. A 4-g dose of tranexamic acid was administered intraperitoneally every day for at least 2 weeks. Seven out of 11 patients (63.6%) showed changes from positive to negative in Papanicolaou smears of the ascitic fluid after treatment with tranexamic acid. A marked reduction of ascitic fluids was observed in 4 of 11 patients (36.4%). If 2 cases with partial reduction of ascites are included, the response rate improved to 54.5%. Median survival time after initiation of treatment with tranexamic acid was significantly longer in patients with good response to tranexamic acid than in patients with poor response. Proliferation of cells in cultures established from ovarian cancer tissue of a patient with good response to tranexamic acid was inhibited at all concentrations of tranexamic acid used in this study, in contrast to non-inhibition of similar cells cultured from a patient with poor response, at any concentration of tranexamic acid. These results suggest that treatment with tranexamic acid suppresses malignant cells in the ascites, followed by reduction of ascites themselves, and an improvement in the response rate to subsequent chemotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Concentrations of free thyroxine, total thyroxine, and total triiodothyronine in rabbits immunized with human thyroglobulin.

Levels of serum free thyroxine, total triiodothyronine and total thyroxine were measured in two rabbits (TG-1, TG-2) which had been immunized with human thyroglobulin and produced both anti-thyroglobulin and anti-thyroid hormone antibodies. Despite the presence of both anti-triiodothyronine and -thyroxine antibodies, levels of serum free thyroxine in serial sera obtained from a rabbit (TG-1) stayed within normal range up to 249 days after the first immunization, whereas in the other rabbit (TG-2), serum free thyroxine concentrations of serial sera declined after three immunizations and stayed at lower levels than normal range up to 249 days. Extraction of serial sera from both rabbits disclosed the presence of larger amounts of triiodothyronine and thyroxine in immune sera than preimmune sera. From these results, it is concluded that the presence of anti-thyroid hormone antibodies per se can reduce serum level of free thyroxine in rabbits.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Effect of anti-insulin antibodies on glycemic control in insulin treated diabetic patients.

In order to examine the effect of anti-insulin antibodies on serum insulin concentration and glycemic control, sera from 49 insulin-treated diabetic patients (20 males and 29 females) were examined for their titer of anti-insulin antibodies, and concentrations of total insulin (TIRI), free insulin (FIRI) and hemoglobin A1c. Titer of anti-insulin antibodies correlated only with TIRI (r = 0.72, p less than 0.001) and did not correlate with duration of insulin treatment, FIRI concentration, daily dose of insulin, or HbA1c concentration. These results indicate that elevated titer of anti-insulin antibodies in patients under insulin therapy, increases total serum insulin concentration but does not affect serum free insulin level, and has little effect, if any, on glycemic control and the required daily dose of insulin.

Adult↗