Neutron scattering study of the magnetic excitations in metallic and superconducting La2-xSrxCuO4-y.
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Journal Article↗
Biomedical subjects
M Matsuda
Publications and source records attributed to M Matsuda.
A monoclonal antibody that triggers deacylation of an intermediate thrombin-antithrombin III complex.
Upon incubation of antithrombin III with thrombin in the presence of a monoclonal antibody recognizing an epitope exposed on the heavy chain part of thrombin-cleaved two-chain antithrombin III, antithrombin III was preferentially cleaved by the enzyme as a substrate, rather than covalently complexed with the enzyme to form an equimolar, stable acyl complex. Once the stable acyl complex was formed between the enzyme and antithrombin III, however, no further liberation of two-chain antithrombin III was observed. Kinetic studies showed that heparin does not affect this reaction, although generation of thrombin-cleaved two-chain antithrombin III is apparently accelerated in accordance with the rate constant for heparin-enhanced thrombin-antithrombin III complex formation. Here we propose the term "switching antibody" for an antibody that triggers deacylation of an intermediate enzyme-inhibitor complex by switching the enzyme-inhibitor reaction from the major pathway of stable acyl complex formation to an alternative pathway of cleavage of the inhibitor as a substrate.
Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
An attempt to cause the selective loss of the cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain of the rat: a new animal model of Alzheimer's disease.
In the present study, we attempted to develop a new animal model of Alzheimer's disease. Injections of a nerve growth factor (NGF)-diphtheria toxin conjugate into the cerebral cortex resulted in a marked ipsilateral reduction of cholinergic neurons in the horizontal limb of the diagonal band and basal magnocellular nucleus of rats. No effects could be seen in the cholinergic neurons located in the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus intrinsic cortical cholinergic neurons, and catecholaminergic locus coeruleus neurons. Injections of the conjugate into the caudoputamen failed to cause changes in the striatal cholinergic neurons. Since our method could selectively reduce cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain without damage to the non-cholinergic neurons or passing fibers in this nucleus, this animal model method seems to be very useful in analyzing the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease or in examining the function of acetylcholine in the cholinergic neurons of the basal forebrain.
Alzheimer Disease↗
[Changes in anti-thyroid hormone and anti-thyroglobulin antibodies during thyroid hormone(s) or prednisolone treatments in 3 cases of Hashimoto's thyroiditis].
We have experienced 3 cases of Hashimoto's thyroiditis with anti-thyroid hormone antibodies. Changes in titers of anti-thyroglobulin(Tg) and anti-thyroid hormone antibodies during 6 year (Cases 1 and 2) and 7 year (Case 3) observation periods were examined in each case. Cases 1 (13-year-old) and 2 (10-year-old) are sisters with hypothyroidism whose chief complaint was short stature. They were diagnosed as having Hashimoto's thyroiditis by needle biopsy of the thyroid gland. Presence of anti-thyroid hormone antibodies were found in the sera of both cases (Case 1: anti-thyroxine(T4) antibodies, Case 2: anti-triiodothyronine(T3) antibodies). They were treated with synthetic T4 or combined therapy of T3 and T4, and serial sera obtained during the 6 year treatment period were tested for the titers of anti-Tg and anti-thyroid hormone antibodies. Case 3 (23-year-old female), who was diagnosed as having Hashimoto's thyroiditis associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and Sjögren's syndrome had been treated with prednisolone(PSL) for 8 years. After one year of strating the treatment, she was found to have unusually low serum T3 measured by radioimmunoassay. Further examination revealed the presence of anti-T3 antibodies in her serum. Serial sera obtained during the 7 year observation period were tested for the titers of anti-Tg and anti-T3 antibodies. In cases 1 and 2, replacement therapy with thyroid hormone resulted in the decrease of titers of anti-thyroid hormone antibodies. In addition, increase in serum TSH concentrations was accompanied with increased titers of anti-Tg and anti-thyroid hormone antibodies in all 3 cases. The exact mechanism for it is not clear.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Adolescent↗
[Fluctuations in the titers of anti-thyroid hormone and anti-thyroglobulin antibodies in 4 cases of Graves' disease during long-term treatment period].
We studied 4 cases of Graves' disease with anti-thyroid hormone antibodies. Changes in the serum levels of triiodothyronine(T3), thyroxine(T4), free T4, thyrotropin(TSH), and thyroglobulin(Tg), as well as titers of anti-Tg antibodies, anti-thyroid hormone antibodies, anti-TSH receptor antibodies(TRAb) and anti-microsomal antibodies(MCHA) during 2 10 years' treatment periods were examined in each case. Case 1; A woman, who was diagnosed as having Graves' disease when she was 10 years old, had been treated with methimazole(MMI) or propylthiouracil(PTU). Treatment with the antithyroid drug had been discontinued by herself when she was 19 years old until she was 24 years old, when she was pregnant and consulted our hospital. Since her serum levels of T3 were unusually high, examination of her serum for the presence of anti-T3 antibodies was done. The presence of anti-T3 antibodies in her serum was confirmed. Case 2; A woman, who was diagnosed as having Graves' disease at the age of 41, had been treated with MMI or PTU. Presence of serum anti-T3 antibodies was found in a screening test for the antibodies. Serial sera were obtained during the 5 year observation period when she was treated with MMI, PTU, and subtotal thyroidectomy. Titers of anti-Tg antibodies in her sera were in the normal range. Case 3; A woman, who was diagnosed as having Graves' disease at the age of 11, had been treated with MMI or PTU. Presence of anti-T3 and anti-T4 antibodies were found in her sera in a screening test. Serial sera obtained during the 4 year treatment period were tested. Case 4; A woman, who was diagnosed as having Graves' disease at the age of 14, had been treated with MMI. Presence of anti-T3 and anti-T4 antibodies was found in her sera in a screening test. Serial sera obtained during the 2 year treatment period were tested. Titers of anti-Tg were increased when the levels of TSH or titers of TRAb were increased. The results suggested that TSH and TRAb, which are thyroid stimulating substances, increased serum levels of Tg, which resulted in the increase of titers of anti-Tg. Because of the possibility that administration of PSL could modify B lymphocyte functions, periods during which PSL was administered were excluded from the examination of the correlation between Tg concentrations or titers of anti-Tg and titers of anti-thyroid hormone antibodies, as in Cases 2 and 4, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Adolescent↗
Corneal endothelial changes in pseudoexfoliation syndrome.
Using specular microscopy and computer-assisted morphometry, we studied 27 eyes with pseudoexfoliation syndrome, 17 apparently normal fellow eyes, and 15 eyes of matched normal subjects with no ocular disease other than senile cataract. Endothelium of the eyes with pseudoexfoliation syndrome showed significantly lower cell density than did the endothelium from control eyes. Endothelium of both eyes of patients with unilateral pseudoexfoliation syndrome showed significant morphologic changes in cell size (polymegethism) and shape variability (pleomorphism); these changes were essentially the same in overtly affected and apparently normal fellow eyes. The results suggested that the corneal endothelial changes are consistent and might serve as an early sign of the disorder.
Cell Count↗
c-Fos mRNA induction under vitamin B6 antagonist-induced seizure.
c-Fos mRNA expression was studied in mouse brain after vitamin B6 antagonist-induced seizure. The vitamin B6 antagonists used were hydrazine, thiosemicarbazide, penicillamine and deoxypyridoxine. Only deoxypyridoxine was effective in increasing c-fos mRNA and c-fos protein expression in nerve cells. The other 3 antagonists had levels of c-fos mRNA below or equal to basal level. The seizure activity induced by several vitamin B6 antagonists resulted in different effects on c-fos gene expression.
Animals↗
The effect of hard contact lens wear on the keratoconic corneal endothelium after penetrating keratoplasty.
Using wide-field specular microscopy, we evaluated the morphologic features of the corneal endothelium in 14 eyes of 14 patients with keratoconus who had worn a polymethylmethacrylate hard contact lens for at least four years (mean, 71 months) after penetrating keratoplasty. Comparisons were made with 14 non-lens-wearing eyes of 14 patients with keratoconus matched for age, length of postoperative period, and other variables. Examination of the endothelium of the contact lens wearers showed a significantly higher coefficient of variation in cell size (polymegethism) and a marked decrease in the percentage of hexagonal cells (pleomorphism), with a significant decrease in cell density (P less than .05). The cause of these morphologic abnormalities remains unclear but may be related to lens-induced hypoxic stress to the corneal endothelium causing ongoing cell loss.
Cell Count↗
Acceleration of cell necrosis following reperfusion after ischemia in the pig heart without collateral circulation.
A study of whether reperfusion accelerates cell death was performed in 35 pig hearts without collateral circulation. In 15 animals, the distal one-third of the left anterior descending coronary artery was occluded for 1 hour followed by 1-, 3-, or 7-hour reperfusion in 5 animals each. As controls, 5 hearts each were examined after 1, 2, 4 and 8 hours of occlusion of the artery without reperfusion. Heart rate and aortic pressure before and during occlusion and reperfusion did not change in any group. The subepicardial and subendocardial regional blood flow decreased to almost zero in all hearts after occlusion (85 +/- 1 to 2 +/- 2) but recovered during reperfusion (65 +/- 15 ml/100 g/min). Specimens were histologically examined by an enzyme method using nitrotetrazolium blue, an immunohistochemical method using myoglobin antibody, by staining with hematoxylin-eosin and Masson's trichrome. In the control hearts, clear demarcation of the infarct area was observed 4 hours after occlusion. However, in the reperfusion group, clear demarcation of the infarct was seen after 1-hour reperfusion, namely, 2 hours after the onset of infarct. Demarcation was seen not only in the tissue with contraction band necrosis, but also in the tissue with coagulation necrosis. Therefore, it is concluded that reperfusion accelerates cell death due to both contraction band necrosis and coagulation necrosis.
Animals↗
Successive antiferromagnetic phase transitions in single-crystal La2CoO4.
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Journal Article↗
Left atrial conduit function for left ventricular filling dynamics in patient with myocardial infarction.
This study observed the left function in determining filling dynamics of the left ventricle in patients with myocardial infarction. The study consisted of eight control subjects and ten patients with myocardial infarction. The left ventricular filling volume is considered to be composed of the left atrial passive emptying, active emptying, and conduit volumes. The change of left ventricular filling volume was correlated with that of conduit volume (r = .87, P less than .01). However, the change of left ventricular filling volume did not have any correlation to those of left atrial passive emptying and active emptying volumes. These results suggested that the left atrial conduit function was important in determining filling dynamics of the left ventricle.
Adult↗
Influence of conventionalization on cecal wall structure of germ-free Wistar rats: quantitative light and qualitative electron microscopic observations.
The structural changes of the cecal wall in germ-free rats were observed at regular intervals after the inoculation of fecal microflora from conventional rats. Quantitative light microscopy showed that most of the elements in the cecal wall increased at 12 or 24 h and reached peak values at 4 days after inoculation. On the 7th day, they decreased approximately to the values for conventional rats. The crypts were bent or widely open till 24 h but were not after the 4th day. Hyperplasia of the crypt epithelial cells including mucous-type cells was observed following microbial inoculation. Electron microscopy revealed that most of the epithelial cells lining the mucosa were typical columnar cells. Desquamation of the epithelial cells and contraction of the muscle fibers were often seen on 4th day. The mucous-type cells were divided into two types, goblet and non-goblet mucous-type cells. Reduction of cecal volume after microbial inoculation may be mainly caused by muscle contraction in the early period and hyperplasia and desquamation of the epithelial cells may suggest their role as the first and non-specific defense line prior to operation of the specific immune system.
Animals↗
The effect of long-term topical administration of commercial beta-blockers on the rat corneal endothelium.
To determine the effect of long-term topical application of commercial beta-blockers on the corneal endothelium, normal rats were randomly assigned to receive a drop of 0.5% timolol, 1% befunolol, or 2% carteolol four times daily for 8 months. Specular microscopy showed marked pleomorphism in the endothelium after three months of treatment with 1% befunolol. In contrast, the eyes treated with either 0.5% timolol or 2% carteolol demonstrated no significant change in endothelial morphology. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy at eight months after treatment revealed marked degeneration of the endothelium of the eyes treated with 1% befunolol. Similar endothelial changes were also noted in the 0.5% timolol-treated group, but to a significantly lesser extent. The eyes treated with 2% carteolol, however, showed only mild alteration of the endothelial ultrastructure. These results indicate that the corneal endothelium can be affected by long-term topical administration of commercial beta-blockers.
Administration, Topical↗
Carcinoma arising in fibroadenoma of the breast--a case report and review of the literature.
A 47 year old woman with two isolated lumps in her right breast underwent an excisional biopsy and the histological findings of both lesions revealed fibroadenoma with an in situ lobular carcinoma. Patey's modified radical mastectomy was performed after which careful follow-up was continued. To date, a total 161 cases of carcinoma arising in a fibroadenoma have been reported in the world literature and a review of these literature is given following the case report.
Adenofibroma↗
Quantitative electron microscopic study on grades of atypia in adenomas of the human large bowel.
Clarification of the ultrastructural features of the three different grades of histologic atypia of adenomas (i.e., mild, moderate, and severe atypia) with reference to carcinoma of the human colon and rectum was undertaken using electron microscopic quantitative analysis. Ten normal epithelia, 36 adenomas (14 with mild atypia, 13 with moderate atypia, and 9 with severe atypia) and 14 carcinomas (well-differentiated adenocarcinoma) were examined with light and electron microscopes. Although it has been generally accepted that malignant transformation of an adenoma gradually proceeds with increasing atypia, using light microscopy, ultrastructural quantitative analysis clearly revealed that fine features of individual atypia did not correspond with histologic grades of atypia. Ultrastructural changes occurred abruptly in moderate atypia and showed similar cellular characteristics to carcinoma cells. Mild atypia was almost similar in appearance to normal epithelial cells. Striking changes in the moderate atypic cells were plane apposition of the cell membrane, decrease of the desmosomes, and increase of the lysosomes. These atypical cells were assumed to play a significant role in the adenoma-carcinoma sequence. Therefore, radical surgical therapy would be required for moderate atypic adenoma of the large bowel that is difficult to remove endoscopically.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Correlative changes of plasma renin activity and serum testosterone in human internal spermatic vein after single administration of human chorionic gonadotropin.
To study changes in renin secretion from the human testis at various days after hCG treatment, plasma renin activity in the internal spermatic vein (ISV) and cubital vein (CV) was measured at the time of surgical repair of varicocele in 79 patients. Sixty-five of them were given a single administration of hCG (10,000 IU/m2) 1 to 10 days before operation. Although the mean PRA levels in CV in both treated and untreated groups were similar, the mean PRA levels in ISV obtained 1 to 5 days after hCG treatment were significantly higher than that in the untreated group. However, the mean PRA levels in ISV returned to that in the untreated group 6-10 days after treatment. Serum testosterone levels in the same ISV were also much higher 1 to 6 days after hCG treatment, compared with those in the untreated group. On the basis of these results it is concluded that (a) the secretion of renin from the testis into ISV can be demonstrated for 5 days after hCG treatment; (b) the parallel increases in PRA with testosterone in ISV seem to suggest a possible influence of androgen on renin production in Leydig cells of human testis.
Adult↗
Double peroneal free flap for multiple skin defects of the hand.
Two or more relatively large skin defects of the hand and fingers were repaired in six cases by a double peroneal free flap with a flap attached to each of two cutaneous branches ramifying from a peroneal artery and vein. All the cases were either multidigital injuries or had injury to adjacent fingers, with skin defects ranging from 4 x 1.5 cm to 11 x 5 cm. The subcutaneous fat of the flap is thin with good elasticity, giving a good match for the finger. This procedure can be employed for two or more skin defects at any site in the finger and hand in one stage, with the added advantage of early rehabilitation.
Adult↗
Effect of 8-anilino-1-naphthalene sulfonic acid (ANS) on the interaction between thyroid hormone and anti-thyroid hormone antibodies.
Effect of 8-anilino-1-naphthalene sulfonic acid (ANS) on the interaction between thyroid hormone and anti-thyroid hormone antibodies was examined. Addition of 5.1 x 10(6) or 6.3 x 10(6) molar excess of ANS, respectively, enhanced the binding of 125I-T3 or 125I-T4 to their respective autoantibodies. However, further increase in ANS concentration resulted in a decrease in binding. These results suggest that the optimum concentration of ANS for the detection of anti-thyroid hormone antibodies is 5 approximately 6 x 10(6) molar excess of ANS to 125I-T3 or 125I-T4. On the other hand, addition of 10(4) molar excess of ANS concentration decreased the binding of 125I-insulin to anti-insulin antibodies. It was therefore suggested that the effect of ANS could be a nonspecific one and likely due to its negative charge.
Anilino Naphthalenesulfonates↗