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Biomedical subjects

M Masai

Publications and source records attributed to M Masai.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Results of patients in stage I and II primary lung cancer with curative resection].

We analyzed 91 patients who had curative resection from 1982 to 1989 for stage I and II primary lung cancer. The 5-year survival rates were 71.4% for stage I and 44.7% for stage II. The 5-year survival rates were 86.6% for T 1 N 0 M 0, 47.3% for T 2 N 0 M 0, 56.3% for T 1 N 1 M 0, and 37.9% for T 2 N 1 M 0. There was no cancer death in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of T 1 N 0 M 0. For stage I, tumor diameter was significant factor to influence survival. Although there was a statistically significant difference between stage I and II in patients with adenocarcinoma, there was no significant difference in those with squamous cell carcinoma. Chemotherapy had no significant improvement in survival for stage I and II lung cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

Endoscopic re-establishment of membranous urethral disruption.

A total of 17 patients with traumatic membranous urethral disruption underwent urethral reconstruction via a core-through technique. Followup was 1 to 8 years (mean 3.7 years) postoperatively, and included 6 weeks with an indwelling catheter, periodic dilation for 6 months and occasional sounding. Within 1 year postoperatively, 6 patients required additional scar incision, including 3 who underwent scar resection. At 1 to 8 years postoperatively 6 patients had complications: 3 had stricture requiring periodic dilation (including 2 who underwent scar incision), while 2 had mild stress incontinence and 1 had nocturnal enuresis. Traumatic impotence was noted in 7 patients but the operation was not the cause in any. This method of endoscopic management was found to be an acceptable alternative to urethroplasty in cases of membranous urethral disruption.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Urinary cytology in patients with urolithiasis].

Urinary cytological examination was performed on 1032 patients of urolithiasis at the Department of Urology, Chiba University Hospital between 1980 and 1990. Seven hundred twenty-four were male and 308 were female, and the mean age was 44 years. The results of cytological examination of I-II and IV-V were classified as negative and positive, respectively. Eleven patients (1.1%) were positive, 2 of whom were found to be with renal pelvic tumor. False-positive findings were noticed in 9 cases (0.9%), and the abnormal cytologic changes in these cases disappeared after the calculi were removed. In negative cytological cases, 2 cases of renal pelvic tumor were found, one at nephrectomy and the other at percutaneous nephrolithotripsy. These cases were with staghorn calculi with hydronephrosis. The significance of cytological examination in management of calculous diseases were discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Response to chemotherapy in endocrine therapy-relapsed and -resistant prostate cancer].

Effects of chemotherapy to endocrine therapy (castration with estrogen/antiandrogen)-relapsed (24 cases) or endocrine therapy-resistant (14 cases) prostate cancer were compared. Pretreatment clinical stages in these groups were stage D1 (3 cases) and D2 (35 cases). Regimens of chemotherapy in this study were as follows: cis-platinum (CDDP) (1 case), phosphamide (3 cases), combination of vincristine, phosphamide and peplomycin (5 cases), combination of cyclophosphamide, adriamycin (ADM) and CDDP (8 cases) and combination of phosphamide, ADM, and CDDP (21 cases). Response to chemotherapy and subsequent survival in these two groups were examined. When evaluated at 3 months after the start of the chemotherapy, partial response and stable cases were 50% and 36% in endocrine therapy-relapsed and -resistant groups, respectively. Because the worse performance status contained more cases in the endocrine therapy-resistant group, the response was compared at the same base of performance status, and the response was almost equal in the two groups. Survival in the endocrine therapy-relapsed group was better than that in the therapy-resistant group. When compared at the same base of performance status, the difference in survival time between the two groups was not evident. In conclusion, the response of chemotherapy was similar between endocrine therapy-relapsed and -resistant patients, and performance status was a main factor influencing the prognosis of endocrine therapy-refractory prostate cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Immunohistochemical study of androgen receptor in benign hyperplastic and cancerous human prostates.

Androgen receptor was detected immunohistochemically in benign as well as malignant prostatic tissues by using a monoclonal rat anti-human androgen receptor antibody (AN 1-15). In both benign and malignant cells, the androgen receptor was exclusively localized in nuclei. In hyperplastic prostate, the androgen receptor was stained in the glandular and the stromal cells. In the gland, cells facing the lumen were stained more intensively than those adjacent to the basal membrane. In cancer tissue, receptor-positive and -negative cancer cells were intermingled. The percent of strongly positive cancer cells was correlated inversely with grade. Relapsed cells showed a low population of strongly positive cells irrespective of grade.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1990

Histochemical examination of expression of ras p21 protein and R 1881-binding protein in human prostatic cancers.

Expression of ras p21 was examined with monoclonal antibody RASK-3 in normal, benign hyperplasic, and cancerous prostates. In patients with stage D2 disease who received endocrine therapy, the relation between ras p21 expression, response to therapy, and prognosis was studied. In these patients, R 1881-binding protein (androgen receptor and progestin-binding protein) was also examined. Non-cancerous cells and most cancer cells from stage A patients did not express ras p21, while expression increased with both higher staging and grading. Staging pelvic lymphadenectomy was done in some stage A2-C cases, and presence of nodal metastasis was correlated with ras p21 expressions in the primary tumours. In stage D2, there was no correlation between ras p21 expression and R 1881-binding protein. Response to therapy and survival did not correlate with expression of ras p21, but was influenced by presence of R 1881-binding protein.

Androgen-Binding Protein↗
PubMed1990

Investigating the response of prostatic cancer to endocrine therapy.

The presence of androphilic protein identified histochemically with R 1881-CMO-BSA-FITC correlated with response to endocrine therapy and prognosis. Ras P21 was not a useful indicator of the subsequent course of the disease. Conventional X ray assessment of boney metastases still seems of use in monitoring overall progress of the disease.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1990

[Factors influencing prognosis of stage D2 prostatic cancer following endocrine therapy: comparison between short-term cancer death and long-term survival group].

To clarify factors affecting prognosis following endocrine therapy, stage D2 patients who died from prostatic cancer within 3 years and those under well-controlled state longer than 5 years were compared with respect to background factors and response to endocrine therapy. Thirty-five and 18 cases, respectively, were studied. Differences between the two groups were bone pain, anemia, tumor grade, number of bone metastasis, and response to endocrine therapy. Performance status in long-term survival groups tended to be better than that in short-term cancer death groups.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

[Changes in prostatic acid phosphatase, gamma-seminoprotein and prostate specific antigen after endocrine therapy for stage D2 prostate cancer].

Prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP), gamma-seminoprotein (gamma-Sm) and prostate specific antigen (PSA) were examined on 120 cases of stage D2 prostate cancer between 1979 and 1989. All patients received endocrine therapy as the first treatment; castration and immediate administration of estrogen or antiandrogen (101), LH-RH analogs (13), estrogen (3) and antiandrogen (3). The actuarial survival rates were calculated by the cause-specific survival method. Pretreatment levels of PAP, gamma-Sm and PSA did not influence prognosis. After start of treatment, the relationship between the changes of the markers and prognosis were examined. At 1 month after the start of the treatment, normalization of PAP or gamma-Sm was not reflected in the following course. On the contrary, at 3 and 6 months, groups with normalization of PAP or gamma-Sm showed better prognosis than those with elevated levels. The same tendency of PSA was obtained at 6 months after start of treatment. In patients with normalized PAP at 3 months, abnormal gamma-Sm showed worse prognosis than normalized gamma-Sm. Therefore, the significance of determination on the two markers was manifested. As histological grade influenced the following course, poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma with normalized PAP at 3 months showed better prognosis than those with elevated levels. In conclusion, it is worthwhile to measure multiple markers for predicting the prognosis of stage D2 prostate cancer treated with endocrine therapy.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1990

[A case of chondrosarcoma arising from the left first rib].

A 46-year-old female was admitted to our hospital because of a left supraclavicular tumor. The chest CT scan and MR imaging revealed that the tumor arose from the left first rib and developed into the supraclavicular region. In this case, we tried to resect the tumor using the so-called "trap-door" thoracotomy. Although removal of subclavian vessels and brachial plexus from the tumor was easily performed, we could not enough treat the vertebral side of the first rib through this thoracotomy without the T1 nerves injury. In cases of superior sulcus tumors developing into the posterior chest wall, a posterior incision combined with an anterior one will be useful to remove these tumors safely.

Chondrosarcoma↗
PubMed1990

[Prognosis of the patients with prostate cancer clinically confined within the pelvis].

Between 1975 and 1989, 90 patients with prostate cancer in clinical stage A2 to C underwent pelvic lymphadenectomy. Median follow-up period was 38 months. Almost all of the patients with pN0-1 (49) and 4 of pN2 were treated by curative treatment, such as radical prostatectomy (7) or radiation therapy (45). The remaining pN2 (26), pN3 (4) and pM1 LYM (6) received endocrine therapy. Pelvic lymph node metastasis were noticed in 50 cases (56%). Rates of positive node and degree of nodal extension were related to clinical stage and histological grade. Disease-free survival of the patients with pN0-1 was better than that of the patients with more than pN2. There was no difference in disease-free survival between the patients with pN0 and pN1. We concluded that the patients with pN0 and pN1 were the candidates for curative therapy and recommend that the patients with more than pN2 be treated with endocrine therapy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

[Factors influencing the prognosis of grade 1 renal cell carcinoma].

Between 1960 and 1988, 65 patients with grade 1 renal cell carcinoma were nephrectomized in our institutions. To delineate potentially curable cancer, the host and tumor factors influencing the prognosis were analyzed. Factors that had unfavorable effects were the presence of tumor thrombi in renal veins, fever, and elevation of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), serum alpha 2-globulin and C-reactive protein (CRP). Patients who were under 39-years-old or with pT1-2a tumor had excellent prognosis. The ratio of tumor thrombi, pT, fever, ESR, serum alpha 2-globulin and CRP levels all increased with age. In conclusion, patients with normal levels of fever, ESR, serum alpha 2-globulin, CRP and no tumor thrombi and/or with pT1-2a tumor were considered to be the potentially curable cancer patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Detection of inflammation in aortic aneurysms with indium 111-oxine--labeled leukocyte imaging.

BACKGROUND: The exact cause of aortic aneurysms is not completely understood. Histologically, the atherosclerotic lesions present in an aneurysm contain numerous inflammatory cells. This finding represents active atherosclerosis, which can cause lesion expansion. In this study we investigated the role of scintigraphy in the evaluation of inflammation in aortic aneurysms. METHODS AND RESULTS: We performed imaging using indium 111-oxine--labeled leukocytes in 14 patients with aortic aneurysms (10 thoracic and 4 abdominal) diagnosed by computed tomography. Peripheral blood evidence of inflammation was assessed on the same day. In 8 patients who subsequently underwent graft replacement of the aneurysm, the excised specimen was examined for evidence of inflammatory infiltration and correlated with the scintigraphic findings. Scintigraphic accumulation of labeled leukocytes was present in 10 of the 14 patients. Although all patients had a small increase in the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, there was no significant difference in the erythrocyte sedimentation rate between patients with positive and negative scintigram results. In 5 of the 8 surgical patients with positive scintigram results, the resected specimens demonstrated numerous inflammatory cells in the adventitia of the aortic wall and atherosclerotic changes in the media. There was no correlation between the presence of periaortic inflammatory adhesions at the time of surgery and the scintigraphic results. CONCLUSIONS: The accumulation of In-111-oxine--labeled leukocytes is a potentially useful scintigraphic marker of inflammatory infiltration in aortic aneurysms.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Changes in cell proliferation and apoptosis during local progression of prostate cancer.

To determine the changes in biological features of the prostate during the course of local recurrence of prostate cancer after endocrine therapy, histologic grade, proliferating activity and apoptotic indices were examined in prostate specimens obtained before treatment and at recurrence. A total of 16 patients, who had received endocrine therapy and eventually recurred in the prostate, were evaluated. Histologic grade was determined by the method of Gleason and the number of proliferating cells and apoptotic cells were counted. Tumors with a high grade Gleason score remained at a high grade. A statistically significant increase in the number of Ki-67 positive cells was observed from pretreatment biopsy to local recurrence. On the other hand, the apoptotic index decreased during progression. Patients with a higher number of Ki-67 positive cells before the initial treatment had a poorer prognosis than those with a lower number of Ki-67 positive cells. In conclusion, prostate cancer shows an increase of malignant potential as assessed by the number of Ki-67 positive cells, whilst the decrease in apoptosis might play some role in the course of progression.

Apoptosis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prostate-specific antigen density adjusted for the transition zone for staging clinically localized prostate cancer in Japanese patients with intermediate serum prostate-specific antigen levels.

The prostate-specific antigen (PSA) density of the transition zone (PSATZ) in 45 prostate cancer patients who received radical prostatectomy with a PSA value of 4.1-10 ng/ml was determined to see whether PSATZ was useful in the prediction of extracapsular invasion of prostate cancer. The value of PSATZ for the detection of extracapsular invasion was compared with that of PSA and PSA density (PSAD). Thirty-one patients (68.9%) had pathologically organ confined cancer while 14 (31.1%) had extracapsular disease. Patients with organ confined tumor had significantly lower PSAD and PSATZ than those with non-organ confined tumor. PSATZ was superior to PSA when analyzed by receiver operating characteristics curves. In those patients with a cut-off value of 1.0 ng/ml per ml of transition zone volume, the PSATZ had a sensitivity of 43% and a specificity of 90% for prediction of extracapsular extension. The present study demonstrated that PSATZ was superior to PSA as a predictor of extracapsular invasion in intermediate PSA levels. Measurement of PSATZ may be of additional value to indicate the need for radical prostatectomy.

Adenocarcinoma↗