Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Martin

Publications and source records attributed to M Martin.

At least 847 records · Page 47Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Depletion of excessive liver iron stores with desferrioxamine.

To determine the therapeutic effect of long-term, intensive iron chelation therapy, we studied liver iron content and histology in four children with thalassaemia major during 52-83 months of intensive therapy with desferrioxamine. The initial biopsies obtained prior to or within 21 months after beginning chelation therapy had Grade IV iron staining, with heavy iron deposition present in parenchymal and reticuloendothelial cells. Subsequent biopsies, obtained when serum ferritin levels had fallen to 71-246 micrograms/l, contained Grade 0 or Grade I stainable iron. Little or no iron was present in parenchymal or reticuloendothelial cells. The liver iron concentration, measured by magnetic susceptibility, returned to normal or nearly normal levels. Hepatic fibrosis did not progress during treatment with desferrioxamine. These findings demonstrate that intensive and sustained chelation therapy with desferrioxamine will remove excessive liver iron and preserve hepatocellular structure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

The role of radiation therapy in the treatment of adenocarcinoma of the corpus uteri stage I. A ten year experience (1970-1979).

A series of 93 cases of endometrial adenocarcinoma stage I, of which 87 were treated by surgery in combination with pre- or postoperative irradiation, is analysed with respect to recurrence rate, survival and effect of preoperative irradiation on myometrial invasion. According to the authors, the treatment of choice remains a combination of surgery and radiation therapy in order to control the primary tumor and prevent vaginal recurrence. The authors recommend uterovaginal intracavitary irradiation followed by total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy with or without lymphadenectomy, and with adjunctive postoperative external irradiation reserved for the rare cases at high risk for locoregional failure (persistence of deep myometrial invasion, lymph node involvement).

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

[Initial polychemotherapy in the treatment of cancers of the head and neck. The efficacy and tolerance of 2 nonrandomized combinations in 48 patients].

Before loco regional treatment for head and neck cancer forty eight patients received one or the other of the following combined chemotherapy regimens: Regimen A (28 patients): high dosage methotrexate, bleomycin, cis-platin; regimen B (20 patients): common dosage methotrexate, bleomycin, hydroxyurea, vincristin. The effectiveness of regimen A seemed better than that of regimen B (46% responses versus 20%). This assessment must be accepted with caution, since, although the organization of treatment was strictly similar in the two groups, the study was not randomized, and there were noticeable differences between the two groups. Regimen B was associated with no toxicity. Regimen A was responsible for two fatalities. These two cases were linked to high dosage methotrexate. However, a combined chemotherapy regimen of type A with the high dosage methotrexate replaced by intermediate dosage methotrexate, seems feasible to us. Loco regional treatment was not impaired by initial chemotherapy with either regimen.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1984

[Role of iridium-192 endocurietherapy in the treatment of T1 and T2 tumors of the tonsillar region].

From July 1971 to August 1981, 31 selected patients with T1, T2 tumours of the Tonsillar region were treated according to the following protocol: Telecobalt therapy to the primary site and to neck nodes to a dose of 45 Gy, Brachytherapy to the primary site to a dose of 25-30 Gy using iridium 192, Boost dose to involved neck nodes, with electrons, or radical neck dissection, wether N1, N2 or N3. The actuarial survival free of disease is 76% for the whole group and 86% for the NO group. The local control rate is 100% without any recurrences at the primary site having been observed. Disease control in the neck is 94% overall and 100% for the NO group. The effects on salivary function were reduced in comparison with telecobalt therapy alone. These favourable results favour the use of this protocol for superficial, minimally infiltrating tumours less than 4 cm in diameter without obvious extension to the base of the tongue or retromolar trigone.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Giant fibrovascular polyp of the esophagus.

An adult patient with a giant fibrovascular esophageal polyp, measuring 17 cm in length, is described in this report. The patient presented with dysphagia and intermittent partial regurgitation of a fleshy mass in the mouth, only after the polyp had attained giant proportions. The polyp appeared as a large polypoid filling defect on a barium swallow and the findings were confirmed at endoscopy. The stalk was attached just below the cricopharyngeus muscle, and the club-shaped polyp extended almost up to the gastroesophageal junction. Because of the vascularity of this large structure and the proximity of respiratory passages to the site of attachment of the stalk, surgical resection of the polyp was undertaken.

Deglutition Disorders↗
PubMed1984

Radioimmunoassay and preliminary pharmacokinetic studies in rats of 5'-noranhydrovinblastine (navelbine).

The antitumor drug navelbine (5'-noranhydrovinblastine) was converted into a reactive acid azide and covalently coupled to free amino groups of bovine serum albumin. The conjugate was used to raise specific antibodies in rabbits. The acid azide derivative was also reacted with the peptide glycyl-L-tyrosine, and the conjugate was radiolabeled with 125I. The resulting high-specific-activity gamma-emitting probe was shown to bind very tightly to anti-navelbine antiserum. Using these reagents, a radioimmunoassay was developed which proved sensitive enough to measure less than 10 fmol of navelbine in serum and which showed little cross-reaction with closely related analogues such as vinblastine, vindesine, or 5'-6'-secovinblastine. A preliminary pharmacokinetic analysis was performed in rats given navelbine i.v. (dose, 1.2 mg/kg). The radioimmunoassay was used to monitor the plasma concentration decay kinetics after injection. Navelbine systemic clearance was estimated from the area under the concentration-time curves [1.9 +/- 0.5 (S.D.) liters/hr/kg] and was found to be larger than that of vinblastine (1.1 +/- 0.4 liters/hr/kg) measured under similar conditions (dose, 0.6 mg/kg). Terminal half-lives were 8.9 +/- 2.1 hr for navelbine and 8.1 +/- 2.6 hr for vinblastine. This radioimmunoassay will provide a sensitive method with which to monitor plasma levels of navelbine during clinical trials and to further study the relationships between pharmacokinetics, toxicity, and antitumor activity among Vinca alkaloids.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Effect of intermittent infusions of glucose-containing crystalloid cardioplegic solution on myocardial tissue lactic acid and recovery of contractility.

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of single or intermittent infusions of cardioplegic solution with glucose (5 gm/L) or without glucose on myocardial tissue lactic acid and recovery of myocardial contractility following 80 minutes of total ischemia at 28 degrees C in the isolated, blood-perfused, beating rabbit heart. Ischemia without cardioplegia increased tissue lactic acid (6.79 mg/gm tissue) above the control value (0.9 mg/gm tissue), p less than 0.0025). Lactic acid following single infusions with (4.19 mg/gm tissue) or without glucose (3.67 mg/gm tissue) was significantly greater (p less than 0.0025) than tissue lactic acid following intermittent infusions with (1.06 mg/gm tissue) or without glucose (1.05 mg/gm tissue). Cardioplegic arrest in all cases significantly decreased tissue lactate accumulation when compared to arrest without cardioplegia (p less than 0.01). The decrease in myocardial contractility demonstrated when no cardioplegic protection was employed (86% recovery) was completely eliminated (100% recovery) with a single-bolus infusion of cardioplegic solution containing glucose (p less 0.025). Intermittent infusions of cardioplegic solution containing glucose (92% recovery) and single infusions without glucose (93% recovery) also improved recovery of contractility following ischemia, but the results were not statistically significant.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Selection by trypsin of two sublines of rat colon cancer cells forming progressive or regressive tumors.

From an established cell culture line obtained from a chemically-induced rat colon carcinoma, two sublines have been selected and isolated according to their susceptibility to trypsin-mediated detachment from plastic surfaces. Subline TR, the most resistant to the detaching effect of trypsin, gave progressive tumors in most of the syngeneic rats in which it was inoculated. Subline TS, which was easily detached by trypsin, also gave tumors in the syngeneic rats, but all these tumors disappeared within 3 or 4 weeks. Both sublines gave progressive tumors when injected into nude mice. This suggests that the parent cell line is heterogeneous and contains cell variants differing in their susceptibility to trypsin-mediated detachment from substrate and their sensitivity to host factors leading to acceptance or rejection of the inoculated tumor cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Hydramnios: ultrasound diagnosis and its impact on perinatal management and pregnancy outcome.

Ultrasonographic technique allows for noninvasive quantification of amniotic fluid volume in pregnancy. A series of 12 pregnancies with ultrasonographically confirmed hydramnios is presented in detail. Following the diagnosis of hydramnios an intensive system-by-system evaluation of the fetal structures was performed. Developmental defects known to be associated with the production of hydramnios were detected in 83% of these pregnancies. Anomalies detected included abdominal wall defects, abnormalities of the central nervous system, pleural effusions, obstructions of the fetal gastrointestinal tract, and others. The early definition of hydramnios and the subsequent discovery of anomalies associated with increased amniotic fluid volume may lead to alteration in prenatal care, in intrapartum management, and in postdelivery resuscitative measures in these complicated pregnancies. In this series, despite early diagnosis of hydramnios and associated fetal developmental anomalies, complications of the pregnancies directly resultant from hydramnios resulted in a high perinatal mortality rate.

Congenital Abnormalities↗
PubMed1983

Quantitation of adriamycin in plasma and urine: comparative study of radioimmunoassay and high-performance liquid chromatography methods.

The response of tumours to adriamycin, and the cardiotoxicity of the drug, may be related to its pharmacokinetics and plasma levels. Rapid and sensitive methods of adriamycin determination in plasma and urine samples are thus needed. A comparative study shows that high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorimetric detection is a reliable and specific method, but it is relatively slow and sometimes lacks sensitivity. A commercially-available radioimmunoassay kit is convenient, but there is a cross reaction with the major metabolise adriamycinol and unless the assay is combined with an extraction step, it gives erroneously high results.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1983

Renal excretion of ascorbic acid in the rat: a micropuncture study.

Ascorbate concentration was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography and amperometry in plasma, tubular fluid, and urine from rats infused with ascorbic acid to steady-state levels. At a low concentration of ascorbate in plasma (Pasc = 0.2 mM) reabsorption occurred along the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT). The fractional delivery (FD) of ascorbate [(TF/P)asc/(TF/P)polyfructosan] to the late proximal convoluted tubule was 0.64 +/- 0.04, and the fractional excretion of ascorbate (FEasc) was 0.56 +/- 0.01. At higher Pasc (0.9 mM) net secretion occurred in the PCT, while the FDasc was 1.5 +/- 0.2 to the early and 1.8 +/- 0.2 to the late PCT. At still higher Pasc the secretory and the reabsorptive transports were saturated and the FDasc and FEasc approached unity, indicating that reabsorptive as well as secretory transport occurs in the proximal tubule. In clearance experiments the reabsorptive transport and secretory transport were inhibited by 2-nitroprobenecid. The drug induced a fall of FEasc when infused at a low rate (0.9 mumol X kg body wt-1 . min-1), which was followed by an increase in FEasc when the rate of infusion of 2-nitroprobenecid was increased to 3 mumol . kg body wt-1 X min-1.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Striving for a nursing home insurance].

The present study emphasizes the necessity to alleviate the frail and handicapped elderly from paying the full amount of nursinghome costs by themselves. Because of today's exorbitant high nursinghome fees the resident becomes destitute within a very short period of time. To change this two solutions are discussed. One deals with a monthly downpayment by all younger members of society. Under the assumption that all adults between 25 and 65 years would participate and nursinghome referrals would not change considerably, each adult had to pay DM 6,-per month. Another way would be the introduction of an optional or mandatory nursinghome insurance plan. This would cost a single individual DM 9,-per month. In setting-up these kinds of measures disabled elderly could live a dignified life without the embarassment of loosing all their lifetime savings and of becoming destitute.

Aged↗