Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Marconi

Publications and source records attributed to M Marconi.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[The Italian Group for the Study of Streptokinase in Myocardial Infarct: Changes in surface cardiac potentials. Study with chest electromaps].

The electrocardiographic changes during and after the thrombolytic treatment with streptokinase (SK) were assessed by means of body surface potential mapping. The aim of the study was to identify potential patterns suggesting reperfusion and revealing possible short-term effects on the infarct size of the recanalization. We studied 23 patients enrolled in the G.I.S.S.I. trial; 11 had an anterior and 12 had an inferior myocardial infarction; 14 were treated with SK and 9 were controls. Body surface maps were recorded from 105 lead points located on the anterior thoracic surface using an automated instrument. The maps were obtained immediately before the SK infusion (or at the time of randomization in the control patients), 30, 60, 120 minutes thereafter and then 24 hours and 7 days after the onset of the infarct symptoms. In each patient the surface potential distribution at 100 msec after the end of QRS was considered and the sum of all the positive potential values was calculated (sigma ST). In addition, the potential time integrals relating to two intervals of the cardiac cycle (first 100 msec of ST and first 40 msec of QRS) were calculated at each lead point and transferred to diagrams representing the chest surface explored (isointegral map). With respect to Q-40 maps, deviation index maps were calculated as follows: the mean Q-40 map (obtained from 30 normal subjects) was subtracted from the map of each patient; the value obtained at each lead point was then divided by the standard deviation of the normal values for that point. An area where the integral values were at least 2 SD lower than normal was considered a reliable index of infarct. By considering as index of reperfusion an early peak of CPK (less than 12 hours from the onset of infarct symptoms), we divided the patients into 2 subsets: reperfused (R) and not reperfused (NR). The mean values of sigma ST at 100 msec progressively decreased in all patients from the baseline to the subsequent recordings in both control and SK groups, without significant differences; nevertheless, the highest percent reductions of sigma ST were observed only in some R patients. The maximum on the ST-100 isointegral maps also showed a similar behaviour.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1987

Single donor plasma in therapeutic plasma exchange for myasthenia gravis.

Thirty-seven myasthenic patients were treated with therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) on different performance schedules using either random or single donor plasma. The two schedules had the same effects in terms of efficacy but single donor replacement gave significantly less side effects in the short and long term. A two exchange procedure on alternate days associated with immunosuppression seems to be an optimal schedule for the treatment of myasthenic patients. A single donor two-exchange on alternate days procedure appears to be safe, useful and can be repeated in patients who need frequent TPE.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Deficiency of neutrophil bactericidal activity in term and preterm infants. A longitudinal study.

The present longitudinal study of 40 healthy term infants and 20 preterm infants shows that neutrophil bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus faecalis is transiently but significantly impaired in term infants during the 1st week of life. The deficiency is more severe and prolonged in preterm infants, and may contribute to the neonate's increased susceptibility to infections.

Blood Bactericidal Activity↗
PubMed1985

Immunological alterations in a case of Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome with recurrent cutaneous infections.

An immunological study was performed in a 16-year-old boy affected with Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome (PLS) and recurrent staphylococcal cutaneous infections. A defect of neutrophil intracellular killing of Staphylococcus aureus and a decreased lymphocyte proliferative response to phytohaemagglutinin were detected. The possible role of these alterations in promoting recurrent infections in PLS is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Immunological evaluation in children with juvenile chronic arthritis treated with auranofin.

An immunological evaluation was performed before therapy and every four months during the first year of treatment with auranofin in 6 children with juvenile chronic arthritis. The immunological tests included: IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE and "natural" antibody serum levels, CH50 of the classical and alternative complement pathways, PWM-induced IgM production in vitro, and polymorphonuclear neutrophil functions. A reduction of the in vitro IgM synthesis and in the CH50 of the classical pathway of complement, and a normalization of impaired chemotaxis, occurred in patients who presented a clinically significant improvement during auranofin treatment.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMed1984

Skeletal changes in preterm infants: personal experience.

The incidence of skeletal changes in preterm low-birth-weight infants is rising. This is probably related to today's higher survival rate of these babies. The late positivity of biochemical data and the lack of clinical prognostic signs justify the role of radiology in such pathology. Radiology, however, although useful in detecting rachitic changes, seems to be less sensitive to minimal osteoporotic modifications, for which densitometric studies should be preferred. The authors report their personal experience in 8 cases of skeletal pathology in preterm infants and suggest a radiological follow-up of the skeleton from the 5th to the 12th week of life, whenever a densitometric method is not available.

Bone Diseases↗
PubMed1983

Defective neutrophil motility in children with chronic liver disease.

Neutrophil motility was assessed in 31 children with chronic liver disease to estimate the eventual increased susceptibility of these patients to bacterial infections. Twelve children had chronic hepatitis (seven with chronic persistent hepatitis and five with chronic active hepatitis), which was mostly related to hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Nineteen children had chronic intrahepatic or extrahepatic cholestasis. A total of six serious bacterial infections occurred in four of the 31 patients during the study. Twenty of the 31 children had a persistent defect of neutrophil chemotaxis. This defect was found in four types of childhood chronic liver disease: HBV-related chronic hepatitis and idiopathic intrahepatic cholestasis of infancy, in which the defect did not seem to predispose significantly to bacterial infection, and in Byler's disease and biliary atresia, in which this neutrophil defect was associated with an increased frequency of severe infections.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Modifications of granulocyte subpopulations and of their adherence property during filtration leukapheresis in man.

Polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN) isolated from the peripheral blood of 23 blood donors undergoing filtration leukapheresis were examined with regard to their number, expression of membrane receptors for rabbit IgG or human C3b and their ability to adhere to nylon fibres. All the donors showed an early granulocytopenia followed by a gradual return of PMN into the circulation, but differed in the number of PMN appearing in the rebound phase. Evaluation of rosette forming cells (RFC) and cells adhering to nylon fibres in this phase led to the recognition of two main groups of donors. In one of these groups the number of PMN, RFC and adhering cells remained unchanged compared to the pre-apheresis values. The other group showed marked leucocytosis accompanied by a relative increase in the number of non-RFC and non-adhering cells. Possible mechanisms involved in the changes of PMN subpopulations are discussed.

Cell Adhesion↗
PubMed1983

Preparation of leukocyte-free platelets for transfusion by filtration through cotton wool.

Filtration through Imugard filters of random platelet concentrates or platelets obtained by plateletpheresis allow the preparation of leukocyte-free platelets for transfusion. The procedure is simple and determines only a small platelet loss (less than 10%). Filtered platelets seem to function normally in vivo. The use of leukocyte-free red cell and platelet transfusions for the support of patients suffering from leukemia or aplastic anemia could prevent major complications, such as refractoriness to platelet transfusion and to bone marrow transplantation.

Blood Platelets↗
PubMed1983

Deficiency of neutrophil phagocytosis in premature infants: effect of vitamin E supplementation.

In 20 healthy premature infants, 10 of whom were administered a total dose of 120 mg/kg vitamin E intramuscularly during the first 13 days after birth, polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) bactericidal activity, frequency and index of phagocytosis, NBT reduction, random movement, chemotaxis and metabolic activity were evaluated within the first 48 hours and again at 5, 14 and 30 days of age. PMN function was also assessed in 30 adult controls. In the treated and untreated infants no differences were found in PMN function before treatment with vitamin E; however phagocytosis, bactericidal activity and chemotaxis were significantly lower than in the adult controls. At 5 days of age, in the untreated infants both index and frequency of phagocytosis remained low but in the treated groups increased significantly. At 14 and 30 days phagocytosis was normal in both treated and untreated infants. No differences were found in the bactericidal activity, NBT reduction, random movement, chemotaxis or metabolic activity of the treated and untreated infants at the ages studied. This preliminary report suggests that vitamin E may be used in premature newborns for accelerating normalization of phagocytic function in the neonatal period.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Association of neutrophil and complement defects in two twins with Shwachman syndrome.

Immunological functions were studied in two 22-month-old dizygotic twins with the characteristic features of Shwachman syndrome. A severe defect of neutrophil motility was found in both children, but not in their parents. An impairment of the activity of the alternative pathway of complement was present in the sera of both patients. This defect, in association with the neutropenia and the chemotactic defect, might be related to the recurrent infections displayed by the twins.

Chemotaxis, Leukocyte↗
PubMed1981

Defective bactericidal reaction by the alternative pathway of complement in atopic patients.

Atopic sera were shown to be defective in serum bactericidal activity by a reaction dependent upon the integrity of the alternative pathway of complement activation. In normal human sera, the efficiency of such a reaction could be modulated by the addition of thermostable serum fractions with inhibitory and stimulatory activity, as demonstrated on two different assay systems. Atopic sera contained the inhibitory activities, but no stimulatory activity. The bactericidal defect of atopic sera was shown to be familial, but its hereditary mechanism could not be unambiguously interpreted.

Blood Bactericidal Activity↗
PubMed1980

[Mechanism of action of butylhydroxyanisole (BHA) toxicity: in vivo and in vitro effects on mammalian smooth muscle].

The toxicity of butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) was greatly enhanced in the rat after i.p. administration, the LD50 being two orders of magnitude higher than the oral administered dose. The compound was shown either "in vitro" or "in vivo" to impair the smooth muscle contractility. Study on the mechanism of toxic action of Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA): "in vivo" and "in vitro" effects on mammalian smooth muscle.

Animals↗