On some electrochemical aspects of actomyosin formation.
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
M Marchetti
Publications and source records attributed to M Marchetti.
Spontaneous rupture of the spleen: report of two cases.
Spontaneous splenic rupture is rare and in most cases occurs in a spleen affected by hematologic, neoplastic, or infectious disease or as a complication of pancreatitis. We report the imaging findings in two cases of spontaneous splenic rupture due to non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and pancreatic pseudocyst.
Aged↗
Inhibition of herpes simplex, rabies and rubella viruses by lectins with different specificities.
A series of eleven lectins were investigated for their inhibiting activity towards herpes simplex type 1, rabies and rubella viruses. Herpes simplex virus adsorption was inhibited by Limulus polyphemus (LPA), Canavalia ensiformis (ConA) and wheat germ (WGA) agglutinins, whereas Bauhinia purpurea (BPA) and soybean agglutinins were more effective if present during viral replication; rabies virus attachment to susceptible cells was prevented by LPA and Narcissus pseudonarcissus (NPA) agglutinin whereas WGA and BPA were inhibitory at a later step; rubella virus multiplication was affected only after the attachment step by NPA, ConA and WGA.
Animals↗
Pteroylpolyglutamate pool modifications in rat liver after chronic administration of phenobarbitone and valproate.
Chronic intraperitoneal administration of low doses of phenobarbitone and valproate caused different alterations in hepatic percentage distribution of pteroylpolyglutamate derivatives without modification of total folate content. Phenobarbitone treatment caused a significant decrease of the percentage content of reduced unsubstituted and methylene-substituted derivatives, while valproate produced an increase of the percentage content of methenyl-, formyl- and formimino-substituted derivatives and a concomitant percent increase of hexaglutamates. The modified ratios of various pteroylpolyglutamates, both in phenobarbitone- and in valproate-treated animals, probably contribute to influencing the partitioning of the one-carbon pool through the various areas of one-carbon metabolism.
Animals↗
Effect of natural and semisynthetic polymers on rabies virus infection in CER cells.
Different natural and semisynthetic polymeric carbohydrates inhibited rabies virus infection in chicken-embryo-related cells by interfering with the virus adsorption process; a dose-dependent relationship was exhibited. Among polysaccharides tested, the neutral polymer Scleroglucan and the negatively charged Keltrol, glyloid sulphate 4324, glyloid sulphate 4327 and alginic acid were the most effective and remained active at concentrations far below the cytotoxicity threshold. Data obtained indicated that the inhibition mechanism of polymers may be related to the ability of these compounds to bind to viral envelopes, although their interaction with cell surfaces cannot be excluded. The charge density and the polymeric backbone of the molecules seem to play a role in influencing the antiviral properties, whereas other features such as the sugar moieties do not appear to be relevant.
Adsorption↗
Effects of short-term dietary administration of marginal levels of vitamin B(6)and fish oil on lipid composition and antioxidant defences in rat tissues.
Previous reports have shown that vitamin B(6)deficiency leads to peroxidative stress in rat organs. In this paper, we evaluated the effects on lipid peroxidation of short-term (six weeks) dietary administration of marginal contents of vitamin B(6). A further risk factor of susceptibility to peroxidation was the presence of fish oil with higher contents of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFA). The contemporaneous vitamin B(6)deficiency and presence of fish oil caused a C18:2 increase, a C20:4 decrease, and replacement of some n-6 LCPUFA with n-3 LCPUFA, without changes in the unsaturation index. In liver, TBARS production did not show any differences between dietary conditions, whereas the activities of glutathione-dependent enzymes were stimulated. In heart, fish oil increased lipid peroxidation, especially in the vitamin B(6)-deficient group.
Animals↗
Lytic growth of human herpesvirus 8: morphological aspects.
The human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), also known as Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, is a gamma herpesvirus associated with AIDS-related body cavity-based lymphomas (BCBL), also called primary effusion lymphomas (PEL). These are a rare form of non-Hodgkin lymphomas in which HHV-8 is present, often associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. HHV-8 is also present in a latent state or in a state of low-level persistence in different primary effusion lymphoma-derived cell lines, such BCBL-1 cells, that lack EBV infection. This cell line was induced to produce mature virions by treatment with 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and the characteristic ultrastructural features of HHV-8 lytic replication were identified and compared to those of the other members of Herpesviridae family.
Apoptosis↗
Porocarcinoma detected by fine needle aspiration biopsy of a node metastasis. A case report.
BACKGROUND: Porocarcinomas were first reported by Pinkus and Meherengan in 1963 as uncommon malignant adnexal tumors of the skin characterized by epidermotropism with pagetoid diffusion within the epidermis. CASE: The cytologic findings of an eccrine porocarcinoma lymph node metastasis in a 65-year-old female and histologic features of the skin recurrence are reported. Metastasis was firstly identified by fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) performed on one inguinal lymph node. Cytologically the tumor was characterized by atypical malignant cells showing clear granular or keratinized cytoplasm and vesicular nuclei, with prominent nucleoli, which were irregularly dispersed or forming nests or cords, sometimes harboring central necrosis. The skin metastasis, detected after the cytologic FNAB diagnosis, showed superficial dissemination within the epidermis and dermal invasion. CONCLUSION: Cytologic diagnosis of porocarcinoma metastases by FNAB is important for adequate treatment, but adherence to strict diagnostic criteria is necessary. The tumor cells could be histogenetically related to the intraepidermal duct cells of the eccrine sweat glands, and pagetoid diffusion is considered a sort of homing phenomenon.
Acrospiroma↗
Natural distribution and occurrence of coenzyme Q homologues.
The knowledge of coenzyme Q levels in tissues, organs, and subcellular compartments is of outstanding interest. A wide amount of data regarding coenzyme Q distribution and occurrence was collected in the last decades; nevertheless the data are often hard to compare because of the different extraction methods and different analytical techniques used. We have undertaken a systematic study for detecting the ubiquinone content in subcellular compartments, cells, and whole-tissue homogenates by a previously standardized HPLC method performed after an extraction procedure identical for all samples. It was confirmed that the major coenzyme Q homologue in rat tissues is coenzyme Q9; however, it was pointed out that all the rodents samples tested contain more than one coenzyme Q homologue. The coenzyme Q homologue distribution is tissue dependent with relatively high coenzyme Q10 content in brain mitochondria, irrespective of the rat strain used. There is no constant relationship of the coenzyme Q content in mitochondria and microsomes fractions. Most organisms tested (including other mammals, bird and fish specimens) have only coenzyme Q10, while the protozoan Tetrahymena pyriformis contains only coenzyme Q8.
Animals↗
Practical aspects in drawing up a quality handbook in radiotherapy.
The quality and dimensions of the Quality Handbook in healthcare are shortly defined. Particular emphasis is put on the role of the quality of compliance and on certification (ISO 9000). The role of quality assessment in healthcare processes is described. It is not conceived as an inspection but rather as an incentive to a continuous quality improvement in healthcare processes. Within the quality of compliance, the role of the Quality Handbook and its modalities of definition, organization and implementation are illustrated.
Certification↗
Quality handbook in radiotherapy: personal experience.
The Quality Handbook includes the description of the activities carried out in Radiotherapy and the methodology used to ensure the Quality Assurance according to the principles indicated in national and international documents of reference and the recommendations of accreditation agencies. The structure of the Quality Handbook, the main aspects of single chapters, the selected quality indicators undergoing inspections are analysed and procedures to be followed for changes and updating of the Quality Handbook are described. The Quality Assurance program is illustrated in another article of this issue.
Humans↗
Quality assurance in radiotherapy: personal experience.
The approach to the implementation of a Quality Assurance Program applied from 1 October 2000 at the Radiotherapy Service of the "Università Cattolica del S. Cuore, Policlinico "A. Gemelli" of Rome, is described. Some major aspects of this program are analyzed.
Humans↗
Quality handbook in radiotherapy. Brachytherapy: personal experience.
Brachytherapy is a conventional method of radiation therapy characterized by peculiar technical, clinical, operational and radioprotection problems. Therefore, the management of a service or department of brachytherapy requires a specific organization aimed at Quality Assurance. In this report, the personal experience with the drawing up of a Quality Handbook of brachytherapy with reference to the method used and the structure of the document, is described.
Brachytherapy↗
[Secondary neoplasms of the kidney. Tomodensitometric diagnosis].
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Carcinoma↗
[Evaluation of the appropriateness of hospital admissions using the iso-gravity classification systems APR-DRG and Disease Staging and the Italian version of Appropriateness Evaluation Protocol (AEP)].
Our main purpose was to evaluate the organizational appropriateness of admissions made in a university hospital, by comparing two iso-gravity classification systems, APR-DRG and Disease Staging, with the Italian version of AEP (PRUO). Our analysis focused on admissions made in 2001, related to specific Diagnosis Related Groups (DRGs), which, according an Italian Law, would be considered at high risk of inappropriateness, if treated as ordinary admissions. The results obtained by using the 2 classification systems did not show statistically significant differences with respect to the total number of admissions. On the other hand, some DRGs showed statistically significant differences due to different algorithms of attribution of the severity levels used by the two systems. For almost all of the DRGs studied, the AEP-based analysis of a sample of medical records showed an higher number of inappropriate admissions in comparison with the number expected by iso-gravity classification methods. The difference is possibly due to the percentage limits of tolerability fixed by the Law for each DRG. Therefore, the authors suggest an integrated use of the two methods to evaluate organizational appropriateness of hospital admissions.
Diagnosis-Related Groups↗
Hemangioma of the hand.
The authors describe the anatomopathological and clinical findings of 24 cases of benign hemangioma of the hand. The instrumental methods used to diagnose hemangioma are discussed, and MRI imaging is given particular importance in the preoperative evaluation of the site, size, extent, and relationship with the surrounding tissues and any multiple locations of the vascular tumor. This evaluation is essential to perform a wide resection of the tumor, which is the only means of avoiding recurrence. After an average follow-up of 33 months (14-54) recurrence was observed in 7% of the cases treated.
Adolescent↗
[Distribution and control of drugs in unitary doses in hospitals].
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Dosage Forms↗
[Risk of bacterial endocarditis after dental treatment. Recent findings].
Dental procedures may be associated to transient bacteraemias that, in the past, were believed to be the most common cause of infective endocarditis, mainly in patients with rheumatic or congenital heart disease. However, a careful survey of the recent published reports indicate that the real risk to develop endocarditis following dental procedures is actually low, because the bacteraemias are very short in duration and several statistics demonstrate that only a few patients with endocarditis had undergone any dental procedure before the onset of the illness. In patients at risk, however, when some major dental interventions are needed, oral chemoprophylaxis with amoxicillin orally administered, appears prudent; parenteral administration of antibiotics (amoxicillin associated to gentamicin or other drugs) is indicated in high risk patients only.
Adolescent↗