Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Maki

Publications and source records attributed to M Maki.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Coagulation, fibrinolysis, platelet and kinin-forming systems during toxemia of pregnancy.

The coagulation, fibrinolysis, and platelet and kinin-forming systems were studied during toxemia of pregnancy by multifactorial examinations. In severe toxemia of pregnancy, decreases in extrinsic coagulation factors, platelet, antithrombin III, plasminogen, alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor, and increases in soluble fibrin-monomer complex, fibrin degradation products, beta-thromboglobulin were observed. This suggests that intravascular coagulation, induced probably through the extrinsic pathway and secondary fibrinolysis, is associated with toxemia of pregnancy. Prekallikrein increased during pregnancy but decreased rapidly with onset of labor. The same changes were observed in high molecular weight kininogen, indicating that kinin may be generated, which would contribute to the uterine contraction during labor. The prekallikrein level was significantly low during severe toxemia.

Blood Coagulation↗
PubMed1983

[Transfer of fosfomycin sodium into the pelvic organs].

To confirm efficacy and safety of fosfomysin sodium (FOM-Na) in the field of obstetrics and gynecology, hemodynamics and pelvic transference were analyzed using so-called three-compartment model in adult women treated with the drug at a dose of 2 g either as an one shot injection or an intravenous infusion over 1 hour. Following results were obtained. 1. Hemodynamics in these patients were similar to those obtained in healthy adult males, although there was a tendency that levels reached were lower and elimination was more rapid in cases of genital cancer. 2. As to drug concentration of dead cavity fluid, Tmax appeared at 1.75 hours after completion of administration irrespective of administration methods, with Cmax being 67.8 micrograms/ml and 50.5 micrograms/ml of intravenous injection and intravenous infusion, respectively. Thereafter, there was no difference between two administration methods. 3. Uterine tissue concentration reached to its Tmax at 15 to 30 minutes after intravenous injection and within 10 minutes after completion of intravenous infusion, Cmax being higher than 90 micrograms/g. Even at 5 hours, 15 to 25 micrograms/g of the drug was detected. From these results and from susceptibilities of clinical isolates to the drug, it was considered that FOM-Na at a dose level of 2 g is highly effective in the treatment of various infections in the field of obstetrics and gynecology including intrapelvic infections, uterine infections and adnexitis.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1982

[Effect of combined use of dextran sulfate and urokinase in cases of preeclampsia-behavior of blood coagulation-fibrinolysis and inhibitor systems].

UNLABELLED: In the severe cases of toxemia of pregnancy, the coagulation-fibrinolysis pattern and the morphological findings of the kidney suggest participation of chronic DIC. Accordingly, it is considered that management of mother and fetus by administration of drugs with anticoagulant and fibrinolytic activities may be useful. METHOD: For 17 cases of preeclampsia (gestosis index, 9.1 +/- 1.5) daily dose of 3,000-1,500mg DS and 48,000 IU of UK were administered intravenously by one shot or drip (10-30 minutes) twice daily. The following clinical and laboratory examinations were done: Gestosis index (GI), blood pressure (BP), edema, urine volume, urine protein, Ccr (ml/min), platelet counts, PT, PTT, PRT, TT, factors XII, IX, VIII, X, VII, V, II and XIII, Fbg, ELT, eug + SKLA(Std), Plg, SFMC, serum and urine FDP, AT-III, C1-INA, alpha 2-PI, alpha 2-M and alpha 1-AT. RESULT: In the preeclamptic women, increases in intrinsic coagulating factors, marked decreases in the extrinsic coagulating factors, depletion of ELT, rise in SFMC, marked increases in blood and urine FDP, and decreases in AT-III and alpha 2-PI were observed, suggesting the presence of chronic DIC. After administration of DS and UK, improvement of clinical findings such as a fall of BP, disappearance of edema, reduction in urine protein, and increase in Ccr were observed. In addition, normalization of the intrinsic system, recovery of the extrinsic system, ELT and serum FDP to normal levels, increasing tendency of Plg, AT-III, alpha 2-PI, alpha 2-M, alpha 1-AT, and disappearance of urine FDP were demonstrated at the same time. It is therefore concluded that this treatment for severe preeclampsia seems to be effective.

Blood Coagulation↗
PubMed1982

[Experimental and clinical studies of cefmenoxime in the field of obstetrics and gynecology].

The study group was organized to evaluate the usefulness of cefmenoxime (CMX) injection, a new synthetic cephalosporin, for the treatment of infections in the field of obstetrics and gynecology. Fundamental and clinical studies were made by the society and the following results were obtained. 1. The peak distribution of CMX's MIC for E. coli, Klebsiella sp., Enterobacter sp., Bacteroides sp. and Peptococcus sp. isolated from obstetrical and gynecological infections with relatively high frequencies area 0.1, less than or equal to 0.05, 0.2, 3.13, 1.56 micrograms/ml, respectively, with an inoculation of 10(6) cells/ml. 2. When 1 g of CMX is administered by intravenous drip infusion for 1 hour, the maximum concentrations in various tissues of female genital organs were as follows: 14.2 and 13.2 micrograms/g in ovary and oviduct, respectively, at 1.20 hours after the start of administration, and 16.9 and 26.3 micrograms/g in corpus uteri and cervix uteri, respectively, after 1 hour. As for the transfer to the exudate in the pelvic dead cavity, the peak concentration was 15.6 micrograms/ml after 2.13 hours. 3. In the clinical studies, CMX was given to 258 cases with female genital organ infections and others. As for the clinical effects, with exclusion of 3 cases in which other antibiotics are concomitantly used, responses were excellent in 76 cases, good in 162 cases and poor in 17 cases, among 255 cases in total. The efficacy rate was 93.3%. The efficacy rates by diseases were 97.1% (68/70) for intrauterine infections, 88.8% (79/89) for intrapelvic infections, 98.4% (62/63) for adnexitis, and 100% (23/23) for infections of external genital organs. As for the clinical effects on causative bacteria, the efficacy rates were 100% (19/19) for single infections due to Gram-positive bacteria, 94.8% (55/58) for single infections due to Gram-negative bacteria, and 88.2% (15/17) for single infections due to anaerobic bacteria. And its efficacy rates were 89.6% (69/77) for mixed infection cases. Side effects were observed in 2 cases (0.8%); 1 case with eruption, and 1 case with diarrhea and vomiting. As for abnormal laboratory findings, lower white blood cell count was observed in 2 cases and elevation of the values regarding hepatic functions in 9 cases. All cases were returned to the normal after the completion of the administration. Cefmenoxime showed a satisfactory clinical efficacy and a potent bacteriological effect in treatment of the infections in the field of obstetrics and gynecology, and it has been concluded that cefmenoxime will be useful addition to the antibiotics for the therapy of these infections.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Studies on coagulation-fibrinolysis system and cold insoluble globulin in normal pregnancy (author's transl)].

Hypercoagulability and diminished fibrinolysis during pregnancy have been reported fragmentarily by several investigators. However, systemic informations of coagulation-fibrinolysis bared on the multifactorial and stage-dependent analyses have not appeared. The factors of coagulation (XII, IX, VIII, VII, X, XIII, prothrombin, platelet, fibrinogen), fibrinolytic enzyme system (euglobulin clot lysis time, eug . lysis area of SK (Std), plasminogen, SFMC, FDP), serin protease inhibitor in plasma (AT-III, C1-INA, alpha 2-PI, alpha 2-M, alpha 1-AT) and CIG were determined on 30 normal non-pregnant women as control, and total 270 normal gravidas. The activities of the intrinsic coagulation factors were markedly increased after middle stage of pregnancy with advance of gestational ages, while those of the extrinsic system increased slightly even in late stage of pregnancy. Factor XIII and C1-INA decreased, SFMC and FDP elevated. These findings suggest that pregnant blood is hypercoagulable. CIG did not change during pregnancy. In the fibrinolytic system, ELT was markedly diminished, PLg gradually elevated, alpha 2-PI and alpha 2-M did not change, and alpha 1-AT increased. These indicate that the fibrinolytic system is depressed on the whole.

Blood Coagulation↗
PubMed1981

Purification and properties of a major casein component of rat milk.

A casein component (C2-casein) was purified by ion-exchange and gel filtration chromatography from rat milk, and the properties of this protein were examined. The molecular weight of C2-casein, as determined by Sepharose 4B gel filtration in 6 M guanidine hydrochloride, was 34 000 +/- 1000. The average hydrophobicity calculated from the amino acid composition showed that C2-casein is a rather hydrophilic protein. The alpha-helix content obtained from optical rotatory dispersion experiments was about 12%. In ultracentrifugation analyses, monomer and polymer peaks of C2-casein were both seen, and the monomer-to-polymer ratio was not affected by changing temperature conditions. C2-casein was precipitated by the presence of 2.5 mM CaCl2, and the precipitability was greatly decreased by the dephosphorylation of the protein. C2-casein was stabilized from Ca2+-dependent precipitation by the addition of another rat casein component (C3-casein) or of bovine kappa-casein.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1981

Possible role of prekallikrein in the mechanism of labor.

From the standpoint of labor mechanism, behavior of prekallikrein, a kinin-forming enzyme, during pregnancy and labor has been of great importance. Plasma prekallikrein determined by synthetic chromogenic tripeptide substrate was increased with advancing gestational ages, reaching approximately 200% of normal. When labor started, it decreased rapidly to 70%, then returned gradually to the normal level after delivery. Prekallikrein and kininogen are only two plasma proteins which change so markedly during labor among many plasma proteins. Role of prekallikrein in the mechanism of labor is presumptively as follows: (1) Prekallikrein is converted to kallikrein resulting in its consumption and decrease. (2) Kallikrein contributes to uterine contraction by liberating kinin from kininogen.

Female↗
PubMed1981

Effects of some drugs on ripening of uterine cervix in nonpregnant castrated and pregnant rats.

The stimulating effect of some drugs on the ripening of the uterine cervix in rats was studied by measuring the wet weight of the uterine cervix and by both light and electron microscopy in nonpregnant castrated and pregnant conditions. Since the light and electron microscopic findings after estrogen (E) administration to castrated rats were similar to those found in the uterine cervix of rats at the end of pregnancy, it was concluded that E (E2 greater than or equal to E3 greater than or equal to E1) plays a major role in the ripening mechanism. It was also found that DHA-S, progesterone and relaxin had stimulating effects on cervical ripening. Oxytocin and PG (PGE2 greater than PGF2 alpha) showed the ripening activity only in pregnant condition. Moreover, oxytocin, PGE2 and PGF2 alpha potentiated the estrogen action. The effects on the increase in wet weight of the uterine cervix and microscopic findings due to DHA-S were different from E in castrated rats. It is therefore postulated that the effect of DHA-S might be mainly due to the secondary increase in E converted from DHA-S in the ovary and, in addition, to a direct effect of this medicament on the uterine cervix. There was essentially no difference in ultrastructure between the cervix of control (nonpregnant, castrated or pregnant) rats and that of rats treated with HCG, isoxsuprine hydrochloride, dihydroergotoxine, diazepam or n-butylscopolammonium bromide.

Animals↗