Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Maki

Publications and source records attributed to M Maki.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

The difference in sex hormone dependence for gap junction formation in the muscles of uterine leiomyoma and normal myometrium.

Gap junction is reported to be initiated by changes in levels of steroid hormones in the smooth muscle cells of myometrium. In order to clarify the difference in sex hormone dependence for gap junction formation in the muscles of uterine leiomyoma and normal myometrium, uterine leiomyoma and myometrial gap junctions, and serum estradiol and progesterone levels were determined simultaneously in 23 women who had undergone simple hysterectomy for leiomyomas of the corpus uteri. In all tissues of the myometrium from 23 women, at least three gap junctions were found between muscle cells in the series of photographs. On the other hand, there were 7 out of 23 uterine leiomyomas in which not even one gap junction was detected between muscle cells in the series of photographs. The phasic change in the number of gap junctions related to the menstrual cycle was detected in the muscles of uterine leiomyoma as well as normal myometrium. Uterine leiomyoma was characterized by less correlation between the number of gap junctions in the muscles and the concentration of serum sex steroids, compared with those of normal myometrium. Sex steroids may have a trophic effect on some uterine leiomyoma, but the sex hormone dependence of uterine leiomyoma for gap junction formation may be less than that of normal myometrium. The present study also showed that the increased gap junction formation in myometrial muscles from women with dysmenorrhea may be formed between myometrial cells in response to physiologic or pathologic stimuli, such as the production of local prostaglandins, and may result in hypercontraction of the uterus.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Effects of changes in water-sodium balance on levels of atrial natriuretic factor messenger RNA and peptide in rats.

Responses of atrial mRNA, atrial peptide and plasma peptide of atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) to treatments to alter fluid volume were studied in rats using RNA dot hybridization assay and radioimmunoassay. Specific changes in the level of ANF mRNA relative to total atrial RNA were observed in atria from sodium restricted rats and water deprived then sodium loaded rats, demonstrating an association of change in water-sodium balance with the expression of ANF gene. The levels of mRNA and the immunoreactive ANF in plasma decreased to 30% and 15% of controls, respectively, on water-deprivation and then increased again to control levels after administering 1.8% NaCl solution, whereas atrial immunoreactive ANF increased to about twice the control on water-deprivation and decreased again after supplying NaCl solution, in parallel with the level of the hematocrit. These findings suggest that atrial ANF content is dependent more on ANF release than on biosynthesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Biochemical studies of rat atrial natriuretic factor.

The natriuretic substances were purified from rat atrium (ANF, atrial natriuretic factor) and were shown to be identical with the inhibitor of norepinephrine-induced contraction of smooth muscle. Their four native forms were isolated. Amino acid sequence analyses showed they are peptides with 35, 31, 30 and 25 amino acid residues respectively and contain a ring structure consisting of 17 amino acid residues and a disulfide bridge. The presence of a high molecular weight prohormone was shown. cDNA coding for the precursor was cloned and used to deduce the amino acid sequence of the preprohormone. Genomic DNA for ANF was cloned and the presence of two introns were found. Several ANF peptides were synthesized. Structure-function studies showed that the ring structure is essential for the activity. Antibodies produced against the synthetic 25 amino acid residue ANF were used to develop radioimmunoassay. The presence of ANF in rat plasma was demonstrated as evidence that ANF is a circulating hormone. ANF was also found in the hypothalamus of rats. The quantitative determination of the synthetic ability of ANF has been determined by the application of ANF cDNA for the quantification of ANF messenger RNA. Immunohistochemical methods localized ANF in cardiac atriocytes, gonadotrophs in anterior pituitary and adrenal medulla (chromaffin cells). A strong immuno-reactivity was found in dark cells of the collecting ducts of the kidney. ANF increases cyclic GMP in target cells suggesting that cyclic GMP may be the intracellular mediator of ANF action.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1985

Isolation and characterization of bulgecins, new bacterial metabolites with bulge-inducing activity.

Bulgecins A, B and C, new bacterial metabolites which induce the formation of bulges by cooperation with beta-lactam antibiotics, were isolated from the culture broth of Pseudomonas mesoacidophila. The three components, separated by column chromatography on QAE-Sephadex A-25, are water-soluble acidic compounds containing a sulfate group in the molecule. Acid hydrolysis showed that D-glucosamine and a new proline derivative are common constituents of the three components. In addition, taurine and beta-alanine are constituents of bulgecins A and B, respectively.

Glucosamine↗
PubMed1985

[Preclinical and clinical studies on aztreonam in obstetrics and gynecology].

Aztreonam (AZT), a new monobactam antibiotic, was studied in obstetrics and gynecology with the following results. The tissue concentration of AZT in the female genital organs was relatively high at the portio vaginalis and the cervix uteri followed by at the ovary and the myometrium, but the distribution to the endometrium and the oviduct was a little poor. The concentration of AZT in the pelvic dead space exudate was highest at 2 hours after intravenous injection whereas it was highest at 5 hours after intravenous drip infusion. However, there was no significant difference in the concentration between intravenous injection and intravenous drip infusion and the distribution to the pelvic dead space exudate was relatively good. AZT was clinically administered to pyometra (3 cases), puerperal endometritis (3), adnexitis and endometritis (3), pelvioperitonitis (1), Bartholin's abscess (4) and purulent vulvitis (1), a total of 15 cases with an overall effective rate of 93.3%. AZT was microbiologically effective for Gram-negative bacteria such as E. coli and K. pneumoniae, but also effective for anaerobes and some Gram-positive bacteria, etc., for which MIC of AZT is high. With regard to safety of AZT, neither side effects nor abnormal laboratory findings were reported.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Prenatal assessment of fetal lung maturity by the stable microbubble method--fundamental and clinical study].

Diagnostic value of RDS was investigated by the Stable Microbubble Method. When this method was applied to the tracheal fluid of fetuses in rabbit (28 days of gestation), the PV curve and lung-thoracic compliance showed mature patterns in the test results for weak, medium, and strong as compared with those for zero and very weak in which they showed an immature pattern. Results by this method correlated with the DSPC level in human amniotic fluid, and were little affected by the contamination of meconium or fresh plasma. Amounts of DSPC were 0.69 +/- 0.05 (mg/dl, Mean +/- SE) in zero, 1.19 +/- 0.15 in very weak, 3.99 +/- 5.06 in weak, 6.58 +/- 2.01 in medium, and 7.70 +/- 1.15 in strong test results. The coefficient of correlation was 0.56 (p less than 0.01). In the clinical study, when the mature level was arbitrarily defined as weak, the diagnostic accuracy was 76.8%, false negative rate was 0%, and false positive rate was 27.5%. If the mature level was defined as very weak, the diagnostic accuracy was 94.2% and the false positive rate was 3.4%. But the false negative rate increased to 18.8%. The diagnostic accuracy of this method was higher than the double shake test (72.2%), and was as high as the measurement of the DSPC level (92.0%).

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1985

[Fundamental studies on aspoxicillin in the field of gynecology. Penetration of the drug into the genital organs and the dead space fluid. Antibacterial activity of the drug against various strains of clinical isolates].

A new semisynthetic penicillin aspoxicillin (ASPC, TA-058) has been evaluated in regard to distribution into the genital organs and the dead space fluid and also in regard to antibiotic activity against various strains clinically isolated in the field of gynecology. The pharmacokinetic studies were made by using two-compartment model on the data of concentration in ovary, oviduct, endometrium, myometrium, cervix uteri and portio vaginalis of the genital organs and in dead space fluid. The following results were obtained. After one shot intravenous administration of 2.0 g ASPC, no marked difference was observed in concentration pattern between peripheral vein and uterine artery. Half-lives were 1.8 hours and 3.5 hours, respectively. The concentrations in various tissues of genital organs reached to the maximum at 36.2-73.6 micrograms/g during 0.07-0.44 hour with half-life varied from 0.53 to 1.3 hours. Area under the curves (AUC) of various tissues were reached to 30-65% of that uterine artery. After 2.0 g administration of ASPC drip intravenously (d.i.v.; for 30 or 60 minutes), there are no remarkable difference on simulation curve of concentration between peripheral vein and uterine artery. The peak level of various tissues attained to 22.5-40.3 micrograms/g during 0.53-0.56 hours and AUC of their concentration achieved about 20-40% of that of uterine artery after intravenous drip infusion for 30 minutes. After intravenous drip infusion for 60 minutes, tissue level reached to the maximum during 1.01-1.82 hours with half-life of 0.65-1.4 hours and AUC of tissue concentration achieved about 20-57% of that of uterine artery. The concentration of the drug in dead space fluid was reached to the maximum at 3.1 hours after the administration and its half-life was 5.3 hours. The in vitro activities of ASPC against clinical isolates were examined. The values of MIC70 and MIC80 were ranged 0.35-5.1 micrograms/ml against S. aureus, S. epidermidis, E. faecalis and P. mirabilis, respectively. Against E. coli, the value of MIC70 was attained 2.9 micrograms/ml, however, the value of MIC80 was more than 100 micrograms/ml due to the two-peaked activity of this drug against the bacteria. AUC and duration time of various tissue concentration were scrutinized regarding to the value of MIC80 of ASPC against S. aureus, S. epidermidis, E. faecalis and P. mirabilis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Amoxicillin↗
PubMed1985

[Studies of coagulation-fibrinolysis system and cold insoluble globulin in cases of caesarean section].

In our previous study, we reported that pregnant blood was hypercoagulable and hypo-fibrinolytic. However, localized fibrinolytic activity, e.g. in the placenta, seemed to be present, because of increased FDP and fibrinopeptide B beta 15-42 during pregnancy. In this study, we tried to find out the changes in the coagulation-fibrinolysis system as well as cold insoluble globulin when stress such as operative procedure is being added. In 25 cases of cesarean section in full term pregnancy without onset of labor, blood samples were collected before operation, during operation and 3 hours, 6 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours and 48 hours post-operatively for estimation of the coagulation factors (FXII, IX, VIII, VII, X, V, II. XIII. Fbg), fibrinolytic factors (plg-Act, plg, SFMC, FDP), prekallikrein, plasma serin protease inhibitors (AT-III, alpha 2-PI, alpha 2-M, alpha 1-AT) and cold insoluble globulin. 30 normal term-pregnant women as well as 30 non-pregnant women were studied as the control. The result showed that the activities of both the intrinsic and extrinsic coagulation factors were markedly increased while the Fbg and AT-III were markedly decreased from during operation to 3 hours after operation. FXIII was markedly decreased and FII was slightly decreased from during operation. The marked decreases in prekallikrein, plg, alpha 2-PI, alpha 2-M, alpha 1-AT together and marked increases in plg-Act and FDP were noted from 3 to 12 hours after operation. A marked decrease in CIG was demonstrated immediately after the operation and continued until 48 hours after operation. These findings suggested that hypercoagulable state and secondary hyperfibrinolysis were associated during and after cesarean section. Decreases in Factor XIII and CIG seemed to be a general reaction in the mechanism of wound healing.

Antithrombin III↗
PubMed1985

[Clinical evaluation of ceftriaxone in the field of gynecology].

Ceftriaxone (Ro 13-9904, CTRX) was administered to 3 cases with gynecological infections and following results were obtained. CTRX was administered by intravenous drip infusion or intravenous injection with 2 g per day for 4 to 6 days. The clinical efficacy was good in all cases (2 cases with pyometra, 1 case with adnexitis and endometritis). No side effect could be determined in all cases.

Adult↗