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Biomedical subjects

M Maeda

Publications and source records attributed to M Maeda.

At least 1,207 records · Page 67Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

A human T cell line established from a patient with Sézary syndrome. Application for assay of human interleukin 2 (IL-2).

A human T cell line, designated Sez 627, was established from a patient with Sézary syndrome. These clonal T cells have been cultured for more than 2 years in the presence of IL-2 without any antigen stimulation. The surface phenotype of Sez 627 was OKT3+, OKT4-, OKT8+, and Tac+, and infection with human T lymphotrophic virus type I (HTLV-I) was demonstrated by Southern blot hybridization analysis. In human IL-2 assay, Sez 627 cells were found to be superior to murine CTLL-2 cells with respect to their unresponsiveness to phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), and species specificity for human IL-2, as well as better cryopreservation, although they were less sensitive to IL-2 than CTLL-2 cells. Using Sez 627 cells, IL-2 production by lymphocytes from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was examined. Decreased IL-2 production was observed in the patients with active SLE but not in most patients with inactive SLE. These findings suggest that Sez 627 is a useful human T cell line for human IL-2 assay.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1986

Interleukin 1 alpha mRNA in virus-transformed T and B cells.

IL-1 alpha cDNA clone was isolated from a T cell line infected by the human T lymphotropic retrovirus type-I (HTLV-I/ATLV). We found significant amounts of mRNA hybridizing to IL-1 alpha cDNA not only in HTLV-I-transformed T cells but also in Epstein-Barr Virus-transformed B cells. A part of IL-2 receptor inducing activity in Adult T cell leukemia (ATL) cell line seems to be due to IL-1 alpha.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1986

Metabolic pathway of 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose studied by F-19 NMR.

The behavior of 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose (FDG) in mouse has been studied by F-19 NMR method for long period. The F-19 NMR signals of FDG or its metabolites were observed in tissues without serious broadening. FDG was found to be accumulated in organs in the form of FDG or FDG-6-phosphate and 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-mannose (FDM) or FDM-6-phosphate, and the latter dominated the former in the heart sampled at 24 hr or later. The fluorine compounds were excreted in urine in both forms. The clearance was rapid from brain, liver, and blood, but was slow from heart.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

DNA strand scission by hemin-thiolate complexes as models of cytochrome P-450.

Hemin-thiolate complexes, as chemical models for cytochrome P-450 monooxygenases, have been shown to cause strand scission of DNA. Circular super-coiled DNA was degraded to open-circular and linear forms by these complexes in 30 min at pH 7.8 under aerobic conditions, the degradation depending on the structure of the thiol ligand and the ratio of thiol ligand to hemin concentration. The relationship between the structure of the thiol ligand and DNA strand cleaving activity was examined. Complete cleavage of DNA was observed by complexes containing TGE and ME at 400-600 moles excess of thiol ligand to hemin, those containing Cys, CysMe, and CysEt at 50-200 moles excess, and those containing MPG, GSH, penta- and nona-peptides at 5-20 moles excess. Complexes containing NACys and MEA caused no cleavage of DNA. Inhibition experiments suggested the involvement of active oxygen species in the cleavage.

Cysteine↗
PubMed1986

A case of hepatocellular carcinoma associated with ossification. A case report.

A 54-year-old man with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) of the typical trabecular pattern exhibiting unusual histologic features, both osteoid and bone formations, is reported. The tumor was associated with well-developed cirrhosis; thus, this may be different from mixed hepatic tumors of adults with bone formations because the latter are characterized by their prevalence in noncirrhotic livers and by the formation of myxoid connective tissue. Computed tomography of the current case revealed calcification within HCC.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1986

Fluorescence high performance liquid chromatographic determination of 3 alpha-hydroxysteroids in urine of 21-hydroxylase deficiency.

A fluorescence high performance liquid chromatographic method using an immobilized 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase column as a post-column enzymatic reactor was developed for the determination of corticosteroid metabolites in the urine of subjects with congenital adrenal hyperplasia. 3 alpha-Hydroxysteroids, such as pregnanetriol, pregnanediol and pregnanetriolone, in the eluate from mu-Bondapak phenyl column (300 x 3.9 mm I.D.) using 0.05% ammonium phosphate buffer (pH 7.1)-acetonitrile-methanol (100:55:15) as the mobile phase was mixed with NAD+ solution in the enzyme column at 30 degrees C to generate NADH, which was monitored by a fluorophotometric detector. Each steroid was measured at the 2.5 micrograms/dl at the highest sensitivity of the detector. The mean recoveries and reproducibilities were 91.5-108.2% with 0.9-6.5% (CV%).

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1986

Adhesion behavior of rat lymphocyte subpopulations (B cell and T cell) on the surface of polystyrene/polypeptide graft copolymer.

Polyvinyl/polypeptide graft copolymers having microdomain structure on their surfaces were newly synthesized for the development of a specific cell separator, and the adhesion behavior of rat lymphnode lymphocytes with these materials was examined by column method. Morphologic change of lymphocytes adherent to the graft copolymers was found to be less than that of cells adherent to corresponding homopolymers, i.e., polystyrene and poly (gamma-benzyl L-glutamate). Separation of lymphocyte subpopulations (B cell and T cell) was examined in the absence of serum proteins. The adhesion selectivity for B cell was found to depend on the microdomain structure, since the highest value, 2,2, was observed for the graft copolymer with the polypeptide content of 50 wt%. Synthetic polypeptide derivatives may be promising materials which substitute for a conventional system with nylon fiber and fetal calf serum.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Adhesion behavior of rat lymphocytes to poly(ether)-poly(amino acid) block and graft copolymers.

Block and graft copolymers consisting of poly(ether) and poly(amino acid) were synthesized, and adhesion behavior of rat lymphocytes to the surface of the film made from these copolymers was analyzed by the microsphere column method. Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and poly(benzyl L-glutamate) (PBLG) were used as poly(ether) and poly(amino acid), respectively. Adhesion behavior of lymphocytes was found to depend on the content and chain length of the components in these copolymers.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Malignancy and differentiation of neoplastic epithelial cells of thymoma.

Fifteen fetal thymuses and 100 thymomas were examined concerning the degree of differentiation of thymic epithelial cells by light and electron microscopy. The following results were obtained. The embryologic process of the fetal thymus was categorized into four stages (8, 12, 15, and 17 weeks or more of gestation) based on the morphological features of epithelial cells and the maturity of thymic tissues. Thymomas were classified into the undifferentiated, and poorly, moderately, and well-differentiated types by their morphological features in comparison with the fetal thymuses. The incidences of the respective types in the 100 thymomas were 5, 16, 68, and 11 cases. The moderately differentiated type was divided into three subtypes; namely, polygonal cell (49 cases), clear cell (6), and spindle cell type (13). The degree of differentiation of the thymomatous epithelial cells showed strong correlations with both the invasiveness and the prognosis of the thymoma. The ratios of invasive thymomas were 36, 47, 25, and 100% for the well-differentiated, moderately-differentiated, poorly-differentiated, and undifferentiated types, respectively. The 10-year survival rates were 87.5, 62.5, 46.9 and 0% for the well-differentiated, moderately-differentiated, poorly-differentiated, and undifferentiated thymomas.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Surgical management of insulinoma: diagnosis of tumor location and high incidence of malignancy.

The findings in twenty-two patients with insulinoma were reviewed, as continuous efforts should be made to establish preoperative localization of the tumor. Superselective arteriography and percutaneous, transhepatic portal vein and pancreatic venous catheterization are highly recommended approaches. At the time of surgical intervention, a cautious exploration of the pancreas after thorough mobilization is most important. Recent use of intraoperative ultrasonography increases the likelihood of finding these occult tumors which locate deeply in the head of the pancreas. Apart from the diagnostic problems, we wish to emphasize the high incidence of malignancy (7/22, 31.8 per cent) in our series. Although patients with malignant insulinoma had a much better prognosis compared to those with a pancreatic ductal malignancy, pancreatic resection with regional lymphnode dissection seems to be a rational procedure. Enucleation can be done when intraoperative findings of the tumor and regional lymphnode indicate no malignant features and no multiple lesions. However, at the first operation, enucleation is still a procedure of choice, even for the malignant insulinoma in the head with a well-defined capsule and no metastatic lesions, the objective being to avoid a duodenopancreatectomy or total pancreatectomy.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMed1986

Omental transposition and skin graft in patients for advanced or recurrent breast cancer.

Nine patients, including 4 with primary advanced breast cancer (stage IV) and 5 with local recurrent cancer, underwent chest wall reconstruction using an omental flap and mesh skin grafting. In 2 of these patients the defect of bony chest wall was reconstructed with an acryl-resin plate and omental flap. The postoperative course in all patients was uneventful, except for a slight necrosis on the transposed mesh skin. Flail chest or dyspnea did not occur in those with a bony chest wall reconstruction. The immediate postoperative performance status in 6 of 9 patients and also quality of life improved.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

Escherichia coli H+-ATPase: loss of the carboxyl terminal region of the gamma subunit causes defective assembly of the F1 portion.

Mutant genes for the gamma subunit of H+-translocating ATPase (H+-ATPase) were cloned from eight different strains of Escherichia coli isolated in this laboratory. Determination of their nucleotide sequences revealed that they are amber nonsense mutations: a Gln codon at position 15, 158, 227, 262, and 270, respectively, was replaced by a termination codon in these strains. As terminal Met is missing in the gamma subunit, these results indicate that these strains are capable of synthesizing fragments of gamma subunits of 13, 156, 225, 260, and 268 amino acid residues, respectively. Studies on the properties of membranes of these strains suggested the importance of the region between Gln 269 and the carboxyl terminus (residue 286) for forming a stable F1 complex with ATPase activity and the region between Gln 226 and Gln 261 for normal interaction of F1 with F0. The sequence from Gln 261 to Gln 269 also seemed to be important for stability of F1 assembly on the membranes. The high frequency of the nonsense mutations suggested that the number of essential residues is limited in this subunit. Comparison of the homologies of the amino acid sequences of the gamma subunits from four different sources confirmed this notion: 19% of amino acid residues are identically conserved in these four strains, and the conserved regions are the amino terminal and carboxyl terminal regions.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1986

On the mechanism of rapid plasma membrane and chloroplast envelope expansion in Dunaliella salina exposed to hypoosmotic shock.

Dunaliella salina cells rapidly diluted from their normal 1.71 M NaCl-containing growth medium into medium containing 0.86 M NaCl swelled within 2--4 min to an average volume 1.76 X larger and a surface area 1.53 X larger than found in control cells. Morphometric analysis of thin section electron micrographs revealed that certain organelles, including the chloroplast, nucleus, and some types of vacuoles, also expanded in surface area as much or more than did the entire cell. It is likely that glycerol, the most important osmotically active intracellular solute, was present in high concentration within these organelles as well as in the cytoplasm itself. Thin section and freeze-fracture electron microscopy were utilized to trace the origin of membrane material whose addition permitted the large increase in plasma membrane surface area and the equally large growth of the chloroplast outer envelope. The findings indicated that the plasma membrane's expansion resulted from its selective fusion with numerous small (less than or equal to 0.25 micron diam) vesicles prevalent throughout the cytoplasm. In contrast, new membrane added to the chloroplast outer envelope was drawn from an entirely different source, namely, elements of the endoplasmic reticulum.

Cell Membrane↗
PubMed1986

Reconstruction of microtia with conchal remnant.

In microtia with conchal remnant (type B microtia), there are various degrees of deformity; consequently, different surgical procedures are required for individual cases. To clarify and simplify these complicated surgical techniques, type B microtia is divided into two types, type BI and type BII, from the standpoint of the emphasis on conchal creation. The methods of treatment are discussed.

Ear Cartilage↗