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Biomedical subjects

M Maeda

Publications and source records attributed to M Maeda.

At least 1,009 records · Page 56Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[The correlation of serum parathyroid hormones among patients with dementia of vascular type, hemodialysis, and bone-joint disorders].

PTH levels were analysed in sera of patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis, with the vascular type of dementia and orthopedic patients with bone-joint disorders, using PTH assay kits. There were significant interrelationship among all kinds of PTH levels in the hemodialysis patients, but not in patients with the vascular type of dementia and the bone-joint disorders. Renal functions might be responsible for fragmentation of PTH in blood stream. These results suggested that the measurement of PTH levels is needed to examine various kinds of amino-sequence of PTH levels in keeping normal function of kidney.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[An integrated control system for radioisotope facilities].

The authors developed an integrated system for managing the safe use of radioisotope laboratory facilities, users' access to controlled areas, and the control of air-conditioners. This system consisted of a personal computer, an access controller, an eye retinal verifier, magnetic card readers, hand foot cloth monitors, video tape recorders and a fire alarm system. The access controller was set as the central unit to operate the whole system including 13 gates and air-conditioners. Under this program, only registered persons were permitted to enter the laboratories; the exact records on access were easily obtained; and electricity and fuel expenses were largely reduced. We expect that the system would facilitate the safe use of radioisotopes and the utilization of laboratory facilities.

Facility Design and Construction↗
PubMed1989

[Dental anthropological study of the Central American Indians].

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dento-craniofacial morphology and the occlusal characteristics in the Central American Indians from the dental-anthropological point of view. The sample consisted of cephalograms, pantomograms, dental casts, photos and records (anthropometric measurements and oral examinations) which were taken from 210 modern Central American Indians and 212 ancient Central American Indians. The results were summarized as follows: 1. Craniofacial morphology: The modern Central American Indians showed; (1) smaller facial height and shorter depth of the cranial base and jaws than those of the Caucasians. (2) posterior position of peri-orbital structures, and smaller values of anterior facial height in comparison with the Japanese, which were similar to the Peruvian Indians. (3) shorter depth of the jaws and prominence of the chin than the ancient Central American Indians. 2. Dental arch form and tooth size: The modern Central American Indians had; (1) wider dental arches than the Caucasians, while sharing similar values with the Peruvian Indians and the Japanese. (2) smaller incisors, larger premolars and molars in the mesio-distal crown diameter compared with the Caucasians. (3) smaller teeth in the mesio-distal crown diameter than the ancient Central American Indians. 3. Occlusal conditions: The modern Central American Indians showed a good mesio-distal relationship between the upper and lower first molars in 70 percent.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[The changes in plasma histamine levels after a sulpyrin inhalation test in asthmatic patients].

A sulpyrin inhalation test was given to 13 patients with aspirin-induced asthma (AIA) and 8 patients with non-aspirin-induced asthma (non-AIA) to observe the changes in plasma histamine levels before and after challenges. The respiratory function (FEV1.0) was measured before and after sulpyrin inhalation. A decrease of more than 20% the initial value (basal value) was defined as a positive response. Plasma histamine was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In 11 patients with AIA, a positive response was observed (SIT positive), with a fall of FEV1.0 to 63.70 +/- 4.87% of the basal value. In 2 patients with AIA and 8 patients with non-AIA, no positive response was observed (SIT negative). In patients with SIT positive, plasma histamine levels increased significantly from 0.61 +/- 0.06 ng/ml before challenges to 1.34 +/- 0.22 ng/ml after challenges (p less than 0.01). No significant changes of plasma histamine occurred in the SIT negative patients. These results suggest that mast cells play some role in the mechanism of the development of aspirin-induced asthma.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[The effect of a selective 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor, AA-861 on airway hyperresponsiveness induced by ozone exposure in dogs].

To determine whether 5-lipoxygenase products are involved in hyperresponsiveness induced by ozone exposure, we studied the effect of a selective 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor, AA-861 on ozone-induced airway hyperresponsiveness in six dogs. Airway responsiveness to methacholine was measured by modified Astograph (7 Hz oscillation method) before and after ozone exposure, and TxB2 in plasma and in BALF, 6-keto-PGF1 alpha in BALF, numbers of neutrophils in the peripheral blood and differential cell counts in BALF were measured before and after ozone exposure. Ozone exposure was carried out for 2 hr at an ozone level of 3.04 +/- 0.01 ppm (mean +/- SE). There was a significant increase in airway responsiveness to methacholine after ozone exposure in the six dogs (p less than 0.01), and the numbers of neutrophils in the peripheral blood and the neutrophil counts in BALF increased significantly after ozone exposure (P less than 0.01). A selective 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor, AA-861 significantly inhibited the increase of airway responsiveness to methacholine induced by ozone exposure (p less than 0.05), and furthermore, the increase in the numbers of neutrophils in the peripheral blood and the neutrophil counts in BALF after ozone exposure were significantly inhibited by pretreatment with AA-861 (p less than 0.05). There was no significant change in the levels of TxB2 in plasma or in BALF, and also no apparent change in the levels of histamine was observed in BALF after ozone exposure. The levels of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha in BALF decreased after ozone exposure, but the decrease was not significant. These results suggest that 5-lipoxygenase products play an important role in the development of airway hyperresponsiveness and in the infiltration of neutrophils into the airway after ozone exposure in dogs.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Result of registration and follow-up system of gestational trophoblastic disease in Shizuoka Prefecture (from 1977 to 1988)--recent trend and choriocarcinoma following term gestation].

The remission rate of choriocarcinoma has greatly improved since the introduction of effective multiagent chemotherapy combined with aggressive surgical therapy and radiotherapy. In addition to these, the registration and follow-up of gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) also has been playing an important role in the early detection and treatment of choriocarcinoma following hydatidiform mole. The system for the registration and follow-up of GTD was started in 1977 in Shizuoka Prefecture. In the present series, the results obtained with this registration and follow-up system from 1977 to 1988 in Shizuoka Prefecture were reviewed and analysed. 1) One thousand, nine hundred and twenty-five cases of hydatidiform mole, 68 cases of invasive mole, 70 cases of persistent trophoblastic disease and 48 cases of choriocarcinoma were registered in 12 years. The overall registration rate was 97.4%. 2) The number of cases of hydatidiform mole registered has decreased from about 180 cases to about 140 cases per year, probably due to the decreasing birth rate. 3) The number of cases of choriocarcinoma registered has recently been decreasing significantly and the number of cases of registered invasive mole and persistent trophoblastic disease has decreased slightly. 4) Antecedent pregnancy with choriocarcinoma including clinical choriocarcinoma has been changing from "post-molar" to "post-term" in the past 12 years. The prognosis of the patient with choriocarcinoma following hydatidiform mole has improved by the early detection and treatment since the introduction of the registration and follow-up system. More attention should be paid to choriocarcinoma following term gestation not yet included in the registration and follow-up system to facilitate early detection and treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Preventive effect of urinastatin on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity].

Anticancer chemotherapy with cisplatin (CDD) as the main drug (combined with adriamycin (ADM) and cyclophosphamide (CPM), PAC therapy) was performed on patients with ovarian cancer. Urinastatin (US) was concurrently administered to assess its effectiveness in preventing CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity. Twenty-two patients with gynecological malignant tumor were treated with PAC therapy, and of these, twelve concurrently received US. The ten who did not receive US served as the control. As a rule, one course of PAC therapy consisted of 50mg/m2 CDDP, 50mg/m2 ADM and 500mg/m2 CPM. Before the administration of CDDP, US 100,000 units was administered by I.V. drip infusion and after the administration, US 400,000 units was again administered by I.V. drip infusion at a speed of 100,000 to 200,000 units/hour. A total of approximately 3,500ml of fluids was administered I.V.. Each course of PAC therapy took 7 to 14 hours to complete. The control group underwent PAC therapy in a regimen not including US. As indexes of nephrotoxicity, serum levels of BUN, creatinine (Cr), and creatinine clearance (Ccr), and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase (NAG), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GTP), and arylamidase (AA) activity in the urine was determined before treatment and at days 1, 2, 3, 7, 14, and 21 after the initiation of PAC therapy. Changes in serum BUN, Cr, and Ccr levels after CDDP administration in the group with and the group without concurrent US were similar. Urinary gamma-GTP, AA, and NAG activity remained unchanged after CDDP administration in the group with concurrent US. In contrast, in the group without US, this urinary enzyme activity was transiently increased after CDDP administration.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Prolymphocytic leukemia associated with serum hypo IgA].

A 69-year-old man was admitted for the evaluation of leukocytosis with atypical cells. Physical examination revealed marked hepatosplenomegaly. The peripheral blood demonstrated Hb 10.1 g/dl, platelet 13.6 x 10(4)/microliters, and WBC 14200/microliters with 76% lymphoid cells. Bone marrow showed 52.4% lymphoid cells. These cells had a nucleus which was relatively large with a coarse chromatin structure and one prominent nucleolus. Under electron microscopy, these cells had a narrow cytoplasm containing a few mitochondria with some microvilli. The surface of these cells was positive for Ia, B1, B2, C3R, and had markedly elevated IgM-K and IgD-K surface immunoglobulins. Levels of IgG, IgA and IgM were 1140 mg/dl, 53 mg/dl, and 198 mg/dl respectively. He was diagnosed as having B-PLL, and was treated with vincristine, cytarabine and prednisolone. Since B-CLL frequently in accompanied by reduced levels of one or several immunoglobulins, and the most significant is the decrease of IgA, it is speculated from our case that B-PLL is very similar to B-CLL in the abnormalities of B cell function.

Agammaglobulinemia↗
PubMed1989

[Analysis of Raynaud's phenomenon in systemic scleroderma: comparative study with that in vibration disease].

Raynaud's phenomenon in systemic scleroderma (SD: 37 cases) was analysed and compared with that of vibration disease (VD: 21 cases) in order to clarify the entity of SD. Raynaud's phenomenon was provoked by cold exposure, high temperature (hot water) exposure, mental stress and vibration stress, which were seen in 37 cases, 22 cases, 7 cases and 3 cases of SD, respectively. However, in VD patients, 21 cases were provoked only by cold exposure other than for vibration stress (1 case). Raynaud's phenomena in SD and VD patients differed in appearance duration, and color changes. These data lead to the conclusion that the vascular responses of SD for extrinsic factors including vibration stress and cold exposure may be different from those of VD.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Hemoglobin A1 in cirrhosis of the liver.

Patients with cirrhosis of the liver (LC group, n = 12) frequently have glucose intolerance secondary to hepatic dysfunction. We compared HbA1 levels and other measures of blood sugar control in the LC group with those in healthy controls (N group, n = 43), patients with diabetes mellitus (DM group, n = 36), or patients with chronic hepatitis without evidence of cirrhosis (CH group, n = 12). HbA1 levels and the mean values of fasting plasma glucose for the past month (FPG) were as follows: LC group 6.40 +/- 0.36 (mean +/- SEM)% and 130 +/- 20 mg/dl, DM group 10.29 +/- 0.45% and 172 +/- 11 mg/dl, CH group 10.70 +/- 0.86% and 176 +/- 21 mg/dl, N group 6.52 +/- 0.11% and 83 +/- 1 mg/dl, respectively. HbA1 in the LC group was similar to that in the N group, although FPG in the former was higher (p less than 0.05). All groups showed statistically significant positive correlations between HbA1 levels and (a) FPG, (b) the daily profile of plasma glucose values, (c) the total or peak plasma glucose values during a 50 g-OGTT. The regression line in the LC group, however, was statistically different from that in DM or CH group. Thus, HbA1 in the LC group is lower than that in DM or CH in spite of equivalent glucose intolerance. Therefore, we suggest caution in the interpretation of HbA1 levels in hepatic cirrhosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A renal biopsy study in pre-eclampsia: clinical-pathological correlations in 20 cases].

Twenty cases of pre-eclamptic toxemia were examined clinicopathologically. Twelve primipara and 6 multipara underwent renal biopsy at 1-24 (3.5 +/- 5.4, mean +/- SD) weeks after delivery. Specimens were examined by light and electron microscopy and immunofluorescence. Their mean blood pressure at delivery was 177.0 +/- 19.4/116.3 +/- 10.2 mmHg, proteinuria was 9.5 +/- 8.4 g/day. Follow-up period was 23.0 +/- 19.3 months after delivery. The severity of double contour of the glomerular basement membrane and mesangial interposition were correlated with the amount of proteinuria at biopsy (r = 0.40, p less than 0.05, r = 0.51, p less than 0.05, respectively). Proteinuria disappeared in all cases after delivery. The length of the hypertensive period after delivery correlated with the severity of glomerular lesions (r = 0.63, p less than 0.05), but did not correlated with the severity of vascular lesions. All patients became normotensive within three months after delivery. No patients showed microhematuria during pregnancy or after delivery.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Statistical survey of tracheobronchoplasty in Japan.

In a survey of 142 hospitals in Japan, 1562 operations involving tracheobronchoplasty, 565 involving tracheoplasty, and 992 involving bronchoplasty were found to have been done from 1954 to 1984. The number of operations showed a steep increase from 1965 and reached more than 200 a year by 1984. This increase comes from larger numbers of bronchoplasty procedures being performed for lung cancer (58.8% in toto) and of tracheoplasty procedures for thyroid cancer (9.7% in toto). Fifty-seven operative modes could be classified, in which bronchial anastomosis was most frequent (62.1%), followed in order by tracheal anastomosis (18.0%), and tracheobronchial anastomosis (5.9%). Complications, encountered in 16.9% in toto, resulted in death in 22.3%, with fistula bleeding in all and anastomotic stricture in 47.7%. Anastomotic stricture alone had a higher mortality rate than anastomotic stricture combined with recurrent palsy (p less than 0.01). The tracheal anastomosis mode had a higher complication rate than that of the bronchial anastomosis mode (p less than 0.01). Among the 57 modes, the complication rates were lower than those of each stem mode in the following: suture of the tracheal wall (p less than 0.05), tracheal patch grafting (p less than 0.01), sleeve resection of the right main bronchus (p less than 0.02), and sleeve lobectomy of the right lower lobe (p less than 0.001). Complication rates were higher than those of each stem mode in these procedures: prosthetic replacement of the trachea (p less than 0.001), sleeve resection of the right main bronchus (p less than 0.05), and the montage-type carinal reconstruction (p less than 0.05) modes. The tracheal anastomosis mode was classified into two categories, standard and extensive. The latter showed complication rates higher than the former (p less than 0.01), tracheoplasty (p less than 0.0025), and the tracheal anastomosis stem mode (p less than 0.0025). Complication rates have decreased with time, being 21.8% with the tracheal anastomosis mode and 10.8% with the bronchial anastomosis mode in the past 9 years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

High-energy, low-dose radiation therapy for aneurysmal bone cyst. Report of a case.

Whereas curettage and bone grafting of aneurysmal bone cysts (ABC) are generally accepted, recurrence is not uncommon and surgery is hazardous when the lesion is large and adjacent to the growth plate. High-energy, low-dose radiation in an eight-year-old girl with this lesion of the distal tibia was successful with no recurrence at the three-year follow-up examination. No complications have ensued, and excellent function has been sustained. Further evaluation of this form of radiation treatment is important in similar situations in which surgical excision of ABC may carry high risks.

Bone Cysts↗
PubMed1989

[Optimum dose of intravenous butorphanol as a supplemental drug during regional anesthesia].

The optimum doses according to age of butorphanol tartrate as a supplemental drug during epidural and spinal anesthesia were investigated in 60 patients without complications. We classified patients into 4 groups by age as A, B, C and D-group. A-group consisting of patients between 20 to 40 years received 1.5mg of butorphanol. B-group 41-60, C-group 61-75 and D-group over 76 years received 1.0mg, 0.5mg and 0.25mg respectively. After operation was started without pain, and during the stable period, we determined by age, doses of butorphanol injected intravenously in one minute. HRs, mean BPs, respiratory rates (RRs) and so on were obtained at the preinjection point and 5 minutes after injection. In addition, in 15 patients, arterial blood gas analysis was performed at the same times. Butorphanol injections decreased HRs, mean BPs and RRs significantly. But there was no one whose PaCO2 increased more than 50 mmHg and no difference was found in degree of side effects between the groups. In conclusion, this study suggests that the decision to administer doses depending on the age is useful to decrease frequency of the grave side effects, especially respiratory depression which the elderly people frequently fall into.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Successful repair of post-operative rupture of the left ventricular wall after mitral valve replacement].

Rupture of the left ventricular wall after mitral valve replacement (MVR) is a rare but lethal complication, particularly in delayed type. We have encountered five cases of this complication, and the last case who was suffered 6 hours after MVR was successfully repaired. This case is a 56-year-old woman with MS. She underwent MVR with a Duromedics 25 M. She was transferred to the ICU and the postoperative course was uneventful until 6 hours after the operation, then bleeding from chest drainage tubes increased suddenly. She was promptly brought to the operating room, and the cardiopulmonary bypass was restarted. A tear and hematoma at the posterior wall of the left ventricle (Type II perforation) were found. The rupture was closed with three interrupture mattress sutures with a teflon felt strip. Bleeding was decreased, but oppression with sponge was applied to small but continuous bleeding. At present, she is in a good condition without occurrence of pseudoaneurysm of the left ventricle. We investigated our own five cases and sixty cases reported in Japan, and etiology, surgical repair and prevention of this complication were discussed.

Adult↗