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Biomedical subjects

M M Carr

Publications and source records attributed to M M Carr.

58 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

MHC class II antigen expression in normal human epidermis.

Monoclonal antibodies consistently demonstrated the presence of MHC class II antigens (HLA-DR,-DP and -DQ) on keratinocytes in normal human epidermis. Reactivity was normally greatest on the keratinocytes of the intraepidermal portion of sweat ducts or the external root sheath of hair follicles, but staining was noted on the surface of some interappendageal keratinocytes in most subjects. The patterns were varied but distinctive and depended on the antibody used. The functional importance of the MHC class II antigens expressed on normal keratinocytes remains to be investigated.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Phenotypic characterization of the early cellular responses in allergic and irritant contact dermatitis.

Despite qualitative similarities there were subtle differences between the nickel allergic and dithranol irritant dermatitis reactions. In both responses, dermal and epidermal cellular infiltrates developed, which were predominantly of Leu 3a phenotype with lesser numbers of Leu 2a positive cells. Dermal infiltrates were larger in the allergic response, but epidermal invasion was greater in the irritant reaction. In the allergic challenge response, Leu 3a reactive cells appeared in the dermis and epidermis by 4 h. At 48 h, both reactions showed skin infiltration by Leu M3 positive macrophages, and had increased numbers of cells in the epidermis expressing class II antigens. The number of Leu 6 reactive Langerhans cells in the epidermis was almost halved at 48 h in the irritant reaction, but Langerhans cell counts were increased by a third between 24 and 48 h of the allergic response. Ultrastructural studies showed disruption of the Langerhans cell mitochondrial cristae at 8 h in the irritant reaction, with few identifiable epidermal Langerhans cells at 48 h. At 1 h in the allergic response, electron microscopy identified two populations of Langerhans cells; the majority showed an electron-dense cytoplasm with vacuoles, and the rest appeared normal. Peripolesis was noted in both types of reaction.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Treatment and prevention of porcine proliferative enteropathy with oral tiamulin.

The effect of an oral treatment or prevention programme, incorporating the antibiotic tiamulin, on the development of proliferative enteropathy in experimentally challenged pigs was studied. Twenty weaner pigs were challenged orally with a virulent inoculum of Lawsonia intracellularis strain LR189/5/83, a British isolate of the causative agent of porcine proliferative enteropathy, and seven control pigs were dosed with a buffer solution. Seven of the 20 challenged pigs were left untreated; they gained less weight than the controls and three of them developed mild to moderate diarrhoea two weeks after the challenge. All seven developed lesions, six visible grossly, of proliferative enteropathy, and numerous intracellular L intracellularis were detected in sections of the intestines examined three weeks after the challenge. To test a 'prevention' dosing strategy for tiamulin, six of the challenged pigs were dosed orally with 50 ppm tiamulin, incorporated in a 2 per cent stabilised premix, given from two days before the challenge until they were euthanased. To test a 'treatment' strategy, the remaining group of seven challenged pigs were dosed orally with 150 ppm tiamulin given in the premix from seven days after challenge until they were euthanased. All the control pigs and the 13 pigs treated with tiamulin, either before or after challenge, remained clinically normal and had no specific lesions of proliferative enteropathy in sections of the intestines examined post mortem.

Administration, Oral↗