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Biomedical subjects

M Lyons

Publications and source records attributed to M Lyons.

79 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Energy deficits associated with nasogastric feeding in patients with burns.

This study was designed to identify whether significant energy deficits occur when feedings are (1) withheld perioperatively and (2) withheld because of gastric ileus. We studied patients with more than 20% total body surface area burns, who had survived at least one surgery, and who were intubated within 3 days of admission. Energy needs and energy received from enteral feedings were summed across the period during which the patients underwent surgical procedures. The difference between energy needed and energy received was divided into that caused by feedings being withheld perioperatively and that caused by feedings being withheld because of a gastric ileus. Twenty-five patients (9 women and 16 men) were included in the study. The total energy deficit was a mean of 15,969 kcal (31.6% of 50,546 kcal needed); 58% of the energy deficit (9264 kcal of the 15,969 kcal deficit) was caused by feedings being withheld perioperatively and 42% of the energy deficit (6705 kcal of the 15,969 kcal deficit) was caused by feedings being withheld because of gastric ileus. The withholding of feedings perioperatively and because of gastric ileus were both significant contributors to energy deficits. Future studies are necessary to determine whether energy needs being more closely met would result in improved outcomes for these patients.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Increasing your decision-making role in ethical situations.

Critical care nurses are increasingly involved in situations of ethical conflict; yet, they are often left out of consequential decision making. This article discusses ways critical care nurses can become more deeply involved in actual decision making in ethical situations.

Critical Care↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Atypical pneumonia in the critically ill obstetric patient.

The critically ill obstetrical patient is a challenging complex case for today's critical care nurse. Butterworth Hospital in Grand Rapids, Michigan, identified this emerging patient population and developed a collaborative multidisciplinary program to provide positive outcomes for these patients. The following case study illustrates the components of the program and its usefulness in providing individualized care for a particular critically ill obstetrical patient.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A case study in assessing an ethnically diverse community-based aging population: a multimethod approach.

Obtaining useful information to improve services for older, multi-ethnic populations requires a nontraditional approach to assessing needs that can overcome both cultural barriers and natural suspicions about research. This case study describes a multimethod needs assessment conducted in a large senior housing facility, where 58% of residents were non-English-speaking. Methods of data collection were both qualitative and quantitative. Data were gathered by focus groups, interviews, and a written survey (N = 874) on topics of need for personal care assistance, level of assistance required for instrumental activities of daily living, and mobility. Qualitative inquiry yielded information about facilities and safety, and culturally specific needs, particularly communication. The case study concludes by discussing how the research findings translated into on-site programmatic changes, and delineating the factors that contributed to the success of this approach.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Stereotypes, stigma, and mental illness: learning from fieldwork experiences.

OBJECTIVES: A phenomenological study explored occupational therapy students' experiences in psychiatric fieldwork. Of particular interest were students' experiences with and perceptions of persons using psychiatric services. METHOD: Data were gathered from 16 informants, via in-depth interviews and participant observation, on multiple occasions throughout the students' fieldwork affiliations in hospital and community psychiatric service settings. Triangulation of data gathering methods and member checking were used to strengthen the interpretive validity of the study. RESULTS: Informants manifested stereotyped preconceptions and associated anxiety regarding persons labeled as mentally ill, though the strength of such beliefs and feelings was found to diminish as fieldwork progressed. Sensationalized popular images of mental illness (e.g., that it is linked with malevolence) and some aspects of academic and clinical education (e.g., a deficit focus) seemed to adversely affect students' perceptions. CONCLUSIONS: Assisting students to acquire a sound appreciation of the humanness of persons with psychiatric disorders is an educational imperative. There is a need to critically appraise academic and fieldwork practices in psychiatric occupational therapy.

Humans↗