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Biomedical subjects

M Leroy

Publications and source records attributed to M Leroy.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Nitroglycerin-induced decrease of carbon monoxide diffusion capacity in acute myocardial infarction reversed by elevating legs.

Hemodynamic and respiratory variables were measured in 18 supine patients with acute myocardial infarction uncomplicated by left ventricular failure. Measurements were done during a control period and then when pulmonary capillary bed filling was decreased by iv injection of 3 mg nitroglycerin (NTG) and finally when pulmonary capillary bed filling was increased by raising the patients' legs. Heart rate increased significantly (p less than .05) ventricular filling, and mean aortic pressures dropped significantly (p less than .001) after NTG injection. Heart rate and mean aortic pressure returned to control level and ventricular filling pressures increased significantly (p less than .001) after elevating patients' legs. Mean carbon monoxide diffusion capacity decreased significantly (p less than .01) from 9.8 +/- 3.4 to 8.5 +/- 2.9 ml/min X mm Hg after NTG injection and increased significantly (p less than .02) to 9.3 +/- 3.5 ml/min X mm Hg after elevating patients' legs. Pulmonary wedge pressure decreased significantly (p less than .001) from 15 +/- 5 to 8 +/- 4 mm Hg after NTG injection and increased significantly (p less than .001) to 10 +/- 4 mm Hg after elevating patients' legs. We conclude that NTG reduces pulmonary capillary filling and pulmonary diffusion by reducing the available pulmonary gas exchange surface.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Mechanism of anemia seen in children living in the Amazon forest of Peru].

A recent study performed in 48 indian children (ranging to 2 to 10 years) from Peruvian Amazona emphasizes the high incidence of sideropenia as a mechanism of anemia. Indeed neither proteins loss or hemolysis was found in these patients. Sideropenia was secondary to iron loss closely related to parasitosis. Thus it could be hopeful to improve both quality of nutrition and life of such patients as well as treatment of parasitosis.

Anemia, Hypochromic↗
PubMed1987

Effects of a low dose of pancuronium on oxygen consumption during sustained muscular exercise.

The effects of a low dose of pancuronium on muscular performance were studied in six healthy volunteers. Three dynamic exercise tests at increasing levels of power were performed by each subject on two consecutive days using an ergometric bicycle. To assess muscular function, oxygen consumption was measured in a steady state at each level of power output. Pancuronium 6-8 micrograms kg-1 or placebo was administered i.v. in a double-blind fashion before the second test each day. Plasma pancuronium levels were measured 8 min after administration but even with pancuronium clearly detectable in the plasma no significant differences were found either in oxygen consumption or in the haemodynamic measurements made. The authors conclude that such doses of non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents do not disturb oxygen consumption during dynamic muscular exercise and are therefore unlikely to have a significant effect on muscular function.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Monoclonal anti-prostatic acid phosphatase antibodies (production and characterization)].

5 monoclonal antibodies have been produced by Köhler and Milstein. The production and the characteristics of the monoclonal antibodies are presented. They are all IgG1 and have high specificity against prostatic cells producing prostatic acid phosphatase. These monoclonal antibodies can be used to perform immunoscintigraphies and immunolymphoscintigraphies to titrate prostatic acid phosphatase serum levels and to identify the prostatic origin of a tumor.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1986

[Relation between urinary albumin excretion and retinopathy in insulin-dependent diabetics].

To study the relationship between retinal and renal microangiopathy, the albumin excretion rate (AER) was measured by radioimmunoassay in 111 insulin-dependent diabetics and compared to their stages of retinopathy, as assessed by ophthalmoscopic examination and fluorescein angiography. The prevalence of pathological AER differed from that of diabetic retinopathy. The stage of retinopathy was related to the duration of diabetes (r = 0.59; P = 0.001), which was not the case for AER (r = 0.06; ns). Half of patients with proliferative retinopathy (11/22) had a normal AER, while 12% of those without retinopathy had a pathological AER (microalbuminuria). No relationship was found between glycaemic control and AER. The highest prevalence of hypertension was found in patients with macroalbuminuria (greater than 500 mg/24 h) and/or severe retinopathy. The mean AER was higher in hypertensive diabetics than in non-hypertensive diabetics (P less than 0.005). These results suggest that the risk of retinopathy is dissociated from the risk of glomerulopathy in diabetics, and that hypertension associates with diabetes mellitus in a greater risk of pathological AER.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Indications and technique for endoscopic laser resections in bronchology. A critical analysis based upon 2,284 resections.

Over a period of 6 years, we have treated 1,310 patients in 2,284 sessions using a neodymium-yttrium aluminum garnet laser. Indications are more often palliative than curative, with the primary goal to relieve an obstructed airway in a single treatment. The effectiveness of such resections is widely recognized, but indications for such a technique with its limitations deserve emphasis. The use of a rigid bronchoscope is important to provide satisfactory operating conditions and especially to manage hemorrhage rapidly while maintaining a satisfactory airway.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Evaluation of the severity of pulmonary embolism. Value of the measurement of stable carbon monoxide transfer capacity].

A non-invasive and easily repeatable method of pulmonary gas exchange evaluation, using measurements of stable carbon monoxide transfer capacity (DLCO) and alveolar-capillary ductance ( DuaCo ), was compared to a complex, invasive method of pulmonary vascular bed evaluation (pulmonary angiography) in 17 patients during the first 24 hours of pulmonary embolism. DLCO and DuaCo measurements were subsequently repeated in several of the patients during the course of the disease. The study showed that DLCO was lowered in both massive (Walsh's angiographic index 12.9 +/- 1.9) and submassive (Walsh's index 4.1 +/- 1.3) pulmonary embolism, with values of 7.0 +/- 2.5 and 7.0 +/- 1.8 ml/min/mm Hg respectively. It also showed a highly significant correlation between the degree of vascular obstruction, as determined by Walsh's angiographic index, and the reduction of alveolar-capillary gas exchange, as evaluated by DuaCo (r = 0.80; p less than 0.001). A progressive improvement in the pulmonary capillary bed perfused could be suspected from the results of DuaCo monitoring during the course of embolism.

Carbon Monoxide↗
PubMed1984

[Diffuse hepato-pulmonary hydatidosis. Apropos of a case].

The authors report a case of diffuse hydatid disease of the lung and liver. This association accounts for about 20 per cent of cases. Diffuse lesions are, on the other hand, exceptional. In this case the lung and liver functions were both impaired. Surgical management involved resection of the top of the cyst protruding from the liver and pulmonary cystectomy. The relative simplicity of the postoperative course, restoration of liver function and improvement in lung function prompt the authors to recommend surgical management of these cases, which cannot be treated medically.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Study of forced expiratory flow rates in respiratory paralysis].

Subjects with a complete paralysis of the abdominal muscles and severe or lesser involvement of the intercostals were studied. The author analysed, under electromyographic control, the flow-volume curves by measuring flow at 50% (V50) and at 25% (V25) of the observed and theoretical vital capacity (CV) above observed residual volume. The results were compared to a group of normal subjects in three situations: sitting and lying in air and sitting in water. A sloping, head down position was also studied. In the handicapped, instantaneous flow at 50% CV was significantly lower than normals in all situations; at 25% CV the difference was not significant but expiration was incomplete for those sitting in air. For the handicapped, sitting in water, the residual volume was close to that of normal subjects sitting in air and the last part of the flow-volume curve was the same gradient as of normal subjects sitting in air: this enabled some comparisons of instantaneous flow. In order that measures of instantaneous flow were made at the same inflation volume, they were made at 50% and 25% of theoretical vital capacity in the handicapped. The results did not differ from those of normal subjects sitting in air. The situation was less satisfactory lying in air, only useable in practice, the most handicapped subjects having notably reduced outputs compared to those whose motor deficit was less severe. The head down position was as for outputs at very low volume.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[The pulmonary toxicity of mercury vapors in the rat].

Rats have been exposed for periods of 120 to 240 minutes to an atmosphere containing 6 +/- 0.7 mg per cu.m mercury vapor. All rats developed an acute respiratory distress which lead to death within 2 to 210 hours (mean 53.5 h). Microscopical examination of the lungs showed an oedema rich in fibrin, an epithelial necrosis, hyaline membranes and in two cases an interstitial fibrosis. Mercury levels in the lungs ranged between 0.5 and 9.37 micrograms per gramme wet weight. The activity of pulmonary superoxide dismutase was decreased to 1.57 +/- 0.66 micrograms per mg of soluble proteins, compared with the level of 5.01 +/- 0.76 micrograms per mg in control rats. This study confirm the pulmonary toxicity of mercury vapors observed in human intoxication.

Animals↗