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Biomedical subjects

M Laus

Publications and source records attributed to M Laus.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Retrospective analysis of 31 cases of soft tissue tumors. Comparison of MR and surgical and anatomo-pathological findings].

Twenty-five patients (16 with malignant soft-tissue tumors and 9 with suspected recurrence), previously studied with conventional radiography and Computed Tomography (CT), were examined with Magnetic Resonance (MR) imaging. MR findings were surgically and anatomo-histopathologically confirmed. Six more patients with benign lesions were examined for differential diagnosis. MR capabilities are here evaluated to detect and eventually characterize the lesion, and to assess its exact location. No false positives were found, and there was only one false negative, in a case of recurrent Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma (MFH). In another case of MFH the infiltration of the adjacent vessels and nerves was not imaged. After a careful review of all the examinations, MR imaging appears to be able to provide much information for surgical planning about tumor extent and margins, thanks to its contrast resolution between tumor and surrounding anatomical structures. Therefore, MR imaging can be reasonably employed as the examination of choice when a soft-tissue tumor is clinically suspected, because of the multi-planar images it provides with and of its differential imaging parameters.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Osteosynthesis of the cervical spine with an anterior plate.

Osteosynthesis of the cervical spine with an anterior plate is indicated for reconstruction by a bone graft after somatectomy and in anterior fusion for unstable lesions such as fracture dislocations and fractures with severe deformity. In these situations traditional surgery with intersomatic wedged bone grafts may be insufficient and posterior surgery inadequate or risky. The authors report 11 cases of anterior osteosynthesis with a Louis plate, all of which were sufficiently stable to allow early mobilisation and minimal external orthosis. Fusion of the grafts occurred in all cases at long-term follow-up. The method involves a potential risk to the esophagus, which is in close contact with the plate. It must therefore be limited to cases in which the advantages outweigh the risks. The indications, technique, complications and results are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[High-resolution computed tomography in injuries to the cervical spine].

Correct orthopedic therapy for traumas of the cervical rachis requires perfect knowledge of the spatial balance of the fracture focus. The authors believe Computed Tomography (CT) to be the most suitable, and often indispensable, method for this purpose. Twenty-four patients were examined for traumatic pathology of the cervical rachis. In 7 cases with clinically minor traumas, the negative outcome of the traditional exam was considered reliable and sufficient for therapeutic purposes. The extant 17 patients were examined also by means of CT, either to better determine the characteristics of skeletal lesions already ascertained with traditional techniques or to assess the presence of clinically-suspected osteo-articular lesions, even with negative conventional X-rays. For 9 of these patients orthopedic treatment was considered sufficient, whereas 8 patients underwent surgery and were subsequently examined with CT, which allowed correct evaluation of postoperative pictures even in the presence of metal prostheses. In 10 cases CT demonstrated the presence of lesions which had not been diagnosed with traditional X-ray techniques.

Cervical Vertebrae↗
PubMed1988

Traumatic cervical radicular lesions.

Isolated traumatic cervical radicular lesions are rare. They constitute only 3% of the neurological lesions due to spinal trauma. A monolateral radicular lesion (Type A) is occasionally associated with medullary damage (Type B), resulting in a more complex neurological syndrome. Type A lesions are caused by flexion/rotation with fracture of the upper part of an articular facet and rotatory dislocation of the vertebra above, or by a pure monolateral dislocation. Reduction by halo traction followed by halo plaster gives good results even when the anatomical result is imperfect. Operative treatment of these lesions is required only in cases which cannot be reduced nonsurgically. Type B myelo-radicular lesions are caused by hyperextension-rotation injuries with displaced fractures of the facets and secondary subluxation. The treatment is surgical; reduction by a posterior approach with fixation by Roy-Camille plates, but must include radicular release by removal of the fractured joint mass.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Dissolution and partition thermodynamic functions of some nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

Solubility values of a selected group of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have been determined in water and 1-octanol as a function of temperature. Thermodynamic functions of dissolution and partition have been calculated and discussed with respect to various physical parameters of each solute and the two solvents. The calculated solubility values show good agreement with the experimental values. The analysis of the experimental solubility values of these compounds in terms of solid-state contribution and solute-solvent interaction suggests the different importance of these parameters in promoting solubility of solid nonelectrolytes.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents↗
PubMed1984

Stenosis of the lumbar vertebral canal (a study of 25 cases operated on).

A study is presented of 25 cases of stenosis of the lumbar vertebral canal treated surgically by bilateral laminectomy at each affected level. The clinical and radiographic features are described, also the operative technique. Good results were obtained in 84% of the cases followed up for an average period of 3 years.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Multiple operations on the lumbar spine. A study of 15 patients operated on 3 times or more for an initial diagnosis of prolapsed disc.

This is a study of 15 patients who have been operated on three or four times after an initial diagnosis of prolapsed lumbar disc. Four main causes have been distinguished; recurrent prolapse, spinal stenosis, arachnoiditis and vertebral instability. The final results of these multiple operations have been assessed as worthwhile in 73% of cases. Several factors in this case material have been identified as important in determining the satisfactory end results.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Multiple non-ossifying fibromata with extraskeletal anomalies: a new syndrome?

Ten patients with multiple non-ossifying fibromata are reported. All had associated extraskeletal congenital anomalies such as café-au-lait spots, mental retardation, hypogonadism or cryptorchidism, ocular anomalies or cardiovascular malformations. The radiographic picture and the distribution of the skeletal lesions are characteristic and constant. There are lucent areas in the shaft with a sclerotic margin; these areas narrow the medullary canal or may completely fill it. It is suggested that these features characterise a new malformation syndrome, possibly allied to neurofibromatosis. After skeletal maturation is complete, the skeletal lesions may (like non-ossifying fibromata) regress and undergo spontaneous healing.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1982

Periosteal chondrosarcoma and periosteal osteosarcoma. Two distinct entities.

This review of 27 cases serves to emphasis that periosteal chondrosarcoma and periosteal osteosarcoma are two distinct entities. Clinically, periosteal chondrosarcoma is less painful than periosteal osteosarcoma and runs a slower course. Radiographically, periosteal chondrosarcoma tends to affect the metaphysis and contains granular or "popcorn" opacities; while periosteal osteosarcoma more often affects the mid-diaphysis and shows lytic lesions with some spicules of reactive bone perpendicular to the underlying cortex. Histologically, periosteal chondrosarcoma shows lobular well-differentiated cartilage with Grade I or II (rarely Grade III) malignancy; periosteal osteosarcoma has a chondroid matrix with some osteoid component and Grade II or III malignancy. The prognosis in periosteal chondrosarcoma is good; conservative surgery is usually effective and metastases are very uncommon. In periosteal osteosarcoma the prognosis is less satisfactory but is better than that of other osteosarcomata; wide surgical excision is, however, needed and the incidence of metastases is about 15 per cent.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Surgical treatment of isthmic spondylolisthesis in adults. Review of 44 cases with long-term control.

The results are presented of 44 cases of isthmic spondylolisthesis in adults treated surgically. The Authors consider three groups treated by: A) surgery to free the nerve roots, B) posterior fusion with or without freeing of the nerve roots, C) posteriorlateral fusion. After an analysis of the techniques at present in use for the treatment of spondylolisthesis, the Authors conclude that, in adults, posteriorlateral fusion produces a high percentage of successes with low risk.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Synovial chondromatosis and chondrosarcoma of the hip: indications for surgical treatment.

Five cases of cartilaginous neoproliferation of the hip, of synovial origin, were treated by different surgical techniques. From the clinical point of view these cases can be classified as simple synovial chondromatosis and progressive synovial chondromatosis. The writers, on the basis of their own experience and on data collected from the literature, conclude that simple synovial chondromatosis should be treated by partial or total synovectomy, while progressive synovial chondromatosis should be treated by total synovectomy with or without arthroplasty with total hip prosthesis. Synovial chondrosarcoma should be considered a neoplasm with at least local malignancy and should be treated by wide surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Complementary immunotherapy in the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis.

The authors present a retrospective study of 492 cases of chronic osteomyelitis treated with active immunotherapy to complement surgical and antibiotic treatment. The systematic application of this treatment, which is based on the use of antistaphylococcal vaccines and/or auto-vaccines resulted in the osteomyelitic process being cured in 80 per cent of cases, with complete closure of the fistulae maintained for at least three years. The authors also report the preliminary results obtained with passive immunotherapy in twenty-six patients with chronic osteomyelitis that had proved resistant to all other forms of treatment. Sero-immunological investigations in these patients revealed a deficiency in the opsonifying capacity of the serum. Treatment with opsonin precursors produced complete recession of symptoms and clinical signs, maintained for at least a year, in 50 per cent of these patients.

Adolescent↗