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Biomedical subjects

M Larsen

Publications and source records attributed to M Larsen.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Prognosis of diabetics with diabetes onset before the age of thirty-one. II. Factors influencing the prognosis.

In 307 patients with diabetes mellitus, developed prior to 1933 and before age 31 it was demonstrated that: (1) frequent contact with a specialized diabetes clinic from an early stage of the disease; (2) a good quality of "metabolic control"; (3) a low insulin dose; (4) a body weight of 10% less than ideal; and (5) a mean blood pressure below 100 mm Hg, all had significantly beneficial effects upon the survival. It was also found that patients domiciled in Copenhagen had a significantly better prognosis than patients domiciled outside Copenhagen. Frequent contact with a diabetes centre was accompanied by an appreciable decrease in disabling late diabetic complications.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1978

[Inhibition of platelet migration. A simple technic for typing of PLA1 and the detection of platelet allo- and autoantibodies].

In vitro, platelets can migrate in an active way. This migration can be immunologically inhibited through specific antibodies. This test (PMI-test) can be easily carried out in any laboratory. In that study this test was used: 1) For the detection of anti-platelet allo-antibodies in neonatal thrombopenia. Out of nine cases studied, two anti-PLA1 were identified and three anti-HLA antibodies (anti-B8, anti-B17+21 and a polyspecific serum) detected thanks to the micro-lymphocyto-toxicity test were confirmed by that test. 2) To find free auto-antibodies in the sera of patients suffering from idiopathic thrombopenic purpura. In five cases out of twelve the presence of auto-antibodies could be shown, that is 41,6%. In some cases, the auto-antibodies showed a certain degree of specificity as it had already been pointed out in other studies. When the thrombopenias were associated with other diseases, all the tests were negative. 3) For the PLA1 typing of donors: 1,85% donors submitted to the test proved to be PLA1 negative. 4) To identify anti-HLA antibodies and to compare this test with the micro-lymphocyto-toxicity-test: the anti-A2, A11, B8, B17, CW3 and CW4 antibodies used titrated the same in both tests. 5) Eventually to study the possible action of ABO-system antibodies in this test; this study shows that only sera containing immune antibodies can bring about an inhibition of the incompatible platelet migration. The sensitivity of the PMI-test which has previously been mentioned as equal to platelet-lysis and superior to aggregometry and platelet factor-3 release, is superior to the complement fixation test since with an 1/16 titre in PMI test for the two anti-PLA1 antibodies, the latter could not be detected through the complement fixation test; it seems to be equal to platelet indirect radioactive Coombs since both sera titrate in the same way.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1978

Cytostatic treatment of glomerular diseases. IV. The effect of combined immunosuppressive treatment on serum creatinine and proteinuria evaluated by sequential statistical analysis. Report from a Copenhagen study group of renal diseases.

Sequential statistical testing of the development of the disease in the single patient was used in the assessment of immunosuppressive treatment of renal glomerular diseases. After an initial period of prednisone (P) treatment, this was supplemented first by azathioprine (A) and later in addition by cyclophosphamide (C). The time of transition from one treatment to another was determined by the result of the current statisical testing of the correlation between serum creatinine concentration and proteinuria on the one hand and the time and the varying doses of the drugs on the other. Twenty-nine patients entered the study. Thirteen were withdrawn, eight for technical reasons, three due to side-effects and two on account of renal deterioration and transfer to dialysis treatment. Eight patients were cured, one during P treatment, five during P + A, and two during the combination of P, A and C. Eight patients completed treatment without being cured. In the overall material no statistically significant change in serum creatinine was noted, whereas the proteinuria decreased during P + A and P + A + C. No dose-dependent therapeutic effect of the drugs was demonstrated. In conclusion, this combined treatment with P, A and C did not seem to yield any major therapeutic progress. The technic of sequential statistical testing may be a useful tool in clinical research.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Progressive spastic paraparesis and adrenal insufficiency.

A 10-year-old boy with progressive paraparesis, personality change, and seizures had laboratory evidence of adrenal insufficiency. Pathologic study showed cerebral edema, but no loss of myelin. Notable pathologic changes were limited to the spinal cord, where the corticospinal and spinocerebellar tracts were demyelinated. Lipid analysis of the brain was normal apart from the finding that galactocerebroside contained a higher proportion than normal of alpha-hydroxy fatty acids. We suggest that this case represents a distinct disease, differing importantly from adrenoleukodystrophy. The underlying defect appears to be in the early enzymatic pathway before cholesterol synthesis, although it is also possible that the defect is at the cell membrane.

Adrenal Insufficiency↗
PubMed1976

Cytostatic treatment of glomerular diseases. III. A double-blind cross-over study of the effect of cyclophosphamide report from a copenhagen study group of renal diseases.

Fifty patients with renal glomerular diseases entered a double-blind cross-over study on the effect of cyclophosphamide; 38 had received neither corticosteroids nor cytostatic drugs before joining the study. Cyclophosphamide was given for 4 months in doses decreasing from 3 to 1.5 mg/kg b.wt. Cyclophosphamide caused a 46% decrease in the 24-hour excretion of urinary protein and a decrease in serum creatinine within the normal range. Albumin, transferrin and IgA in urine, as well as albumin clearance and the sieving coefficient of albumin, changed parallel to the total urinary protein. The initial values of proteinuria and serum complement were of prognostic significance for the effect of cyclophosphamide in serum creatinine. We were unable to demonstrate a prognostic significance for the variables: clinical diagnosis, renal histology, arterial BP, initial values of serum creatinine and IgG, IgA and IgM in serum and urine. ESR appeared to be the most reliable acute phase reactant. No differences were found between the changes in renal histology during cyclophosphamide or placebo.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1975

Peripheral neuropathy in classic Niemann-Pick disease: ultrastructure of nerves and skeletal muscles.

A patient with classic (type A) Niemann-Pick disease had the usual clinical signs of failure to thrive, hepatosplenomegaly, and intellectual deterioration in the first year of life. In addition, there was striking hypotonia, areflexia, and abnormal nerve conduction velocities. Pathologically, the Schwann cells were filled with numerous cytoplasmic bodies. These bodies measured 1 mu in diameter and appeared to be dense, round masses with poorly defined internal structure but with occasional slightly curved parallel lines and small radiolucent areas. Peripheral nerve involvement may be a frequent finding in patients with classic Niemann-Pick disease.

Autopsy↗
PubMed1975

Answer the call.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Communication↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Photochemical bleaching of fluorescent glycosylation products.

We have examined the effect of visible light and ultraviolet on the non-enzymatic glycosylation of lysine in vitro. Glucose and L-lysine were mixed and incubated under white light, UV-A, UV-B, or in the dark. During 15 days of incubation in the dark, a heterogeneous mixture of intensely brown chromophores developed, with a dominant fluorescence excitation maximum at 350 nm and emission maxima near 425 nm. The process was delayed or inhibited to a moderate extent by white light, whereas under UV-A and UV-B this effect was more pronounced. We conclude that non-enzymatic glycosylation can be photochemically modulated by both visible light and ultraviolet.

Fluorometry↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Blood-retina barrier permeability is independent of trace substance lipid solubility in retinitis pigmentosa and in the healthy eye.

Differential ocular spectrofluorometry was used to assess the passive permeability of the blood-retina barrier in healthy subjects and in patients with retinitis pigmentosa by determination of the rate of inward leakage of fluorescein and fluorescein glucuronide after intravenous injection of fluorescein. In five healthy subjects we found permeabilities of 1.3 (0.6-2.8) nm/s [log-mean (range)] for fluorescein and 1.3 (0.6-3.1) nm/s for fluorescein glucuronide. Six patients with retinitis pigmentosa all had a markedly increased blood-retina barrier leakage, with inward permeabilities of 8.2 (3.4-25) nm/s for fluorescein and 8.2 (5.6-27) nm/s for fluorescein glucuronide. Since no detectable difference was found between the permeabilities of the two tracers the passive permeability of the blood-retina barrier appears to be independent of the 18-fold difference in lipid solubility between the two tracers, both in retinitis pigmentosa and in healthy subjects. Presumably, the structural substrate for leakage of small hydrophilic molecules through the blood-retina barrier is a water-filled pore, since diffusion through lipid cellular membranes would favor fluorescein over its more water soluble glucuronide.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fluoride in enamel lining pits and fissures of the occlusal groove-fossa system in human molar teeth.

The fluoride (F) distribution in enamel lining the occlusal fissures of human molars and premolars is difficult to investigate by normal microsampling techniques, yet this information is of importance as fissures are particularly susceptible to caries. We have used the proton probe to map the distribution of F and Ca in sections of 17 molar teeth collected from Danish and New Zealand populations. The caries status of the sectioned fissure was determined by microradiography or visually after drying. The probe scans were graphed as density images, surface plots and topographical plots. Sound enamel bordering grooves and fissures showed a high-F surface layer, in 1 sample approximately 60 microm wide near the fissure bottom but gradually widening to double this width near the fissure opening, and up to 200 microm wide in grooves, while underlying enamel had a low and almost constant F level. In this respect fissure and groove enamel resembled smooth surface enamel. The F concentration fluctuated along the surface layer, reaching maximum values ranging from 1,800 to 4,200 ppm in 5 non-carious fissures. Incipient caries in fissure enamel usually but not always resulted in an increase in F in the outer layer, the F maximum values in 5 such samples ranging from 1,900 to 7,200 ppm. F maximum values in outer enamel were higher in 7 samples showing advanced caries, 2, 700-10,000 ppm. The lesion subsurface body usually showed normal F values, as did carious dentine in the advanced lesions. The variable characteristics of the outer layer in sound fissure enamel are likely to be the result of a developmental process rather than environmental influences. The fact that we normally failed to find increased F concentrations in subsurface carious fissure enamel or in underlying carious dentine suggests that F does not diffuse into the deep part of fissure lesions, and probably has minimal effect on slowing the progress of such lesions, a suggestion in accord with clinical findings on the F effect on fissure caries.

Calcium↗