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Biomedical subjects

M Lancet

Publications and source records attributed to M Lancet.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Effects of short-term treatment with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) or ethinyl estradiol on the pituitary responsiveness to GnRH.

In 4 patients with hypothalamic amenorrhea, the pituitary responsiveness to an intravenous challenge of 20 micrograms synthetic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) was evaluated before and following a 3-days treatment course with GnRH (100 micrograms/per day i.m.) or ethinyl estradiol, (100 micrograms/day orally). The amenorrheic patients all had normal or reduced levels of serum gonadotropins, no evidence of galactorrhea and no other endocrine abnormality. Following GnRH treatment basal luteinizing hormone levels as well as the luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone responses to GnRH were markedly reduced when compared with responses to GnRH before the treatment. Responses to GnRH were significantly augmented after treatment with estrogens. In patients with previous treatment with GnRH the augmented estrogen-induced LH response to GnRH was abolished. These preliminary results support the pathophysiological concept that in amenorrheic patients with hypothalamic dysfunction long-term administration of GnRH does not result in an improvement but rather in a deterioration of pituitary gonadotropic function.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Endometrial foam cells. Non-estrogenic and estrogenic.

Four patients with endometrial foam cells are described. In one the endometrium was obtained after parturition. It showed decidua and endometritis, whereas in the second patient, who had received birth control medication in the past, the endometrium was proliferative. In both cases there was a considerable amount of endometrial hemorrhage. The foam cells in these two patients had little granularity, and their cytoplasm contained hemosiderin. The other two patients received exogenous estrogen and presented with endometrial hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma. In these latter cases the foam cells were more granular, and contained no hemosiderin. Our findings confirm the presence of two types of histologically similar endometrial foam cell: a histiocytic, "non-estrogenic" reactive type capable of phagocytosis, and a stromal, "estrogenic" non-phagocytic type which is associated with hyperplasia or carcinoma and which may also be related to estrogen administration. Staining for hemosiderin may be particularly helpful in differentiating between the two types of foam cell. Such a differentiation is of practical importance because of the biologic significance attached to the "estrogenic" foam-cells which are usually indicative of endometrial hyperplasia or carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

The obstetrical management of patients with immunologic thrombocytopenic purpura.

Pregnant women with immunologic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) run the risk of complications during pregnancy and labor, mainly due to the possibility of hemorrhage. Antibodies pass through the placenta, causing a transient, but dangerous thrombocytopenia in the fetus and infant. Four women with ITP, having five deliveries, are presented, showing that the modern treatment of these patients includes corticosteroids during pregnancy, thrombocyte transfusion during labor, and splenectomy being or after the pregnancy in selected cases. Cesarean section is not indicated for the disease per se, and fetal scalp blood sampling for thrombocyte count during labor is not necessary. The newborn needs immediate, careful control and, if necessary, thrombocyte transfusion and even steroids. Prolonged follow-up of the infants is necessary.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

The clinical significance of rheometric measurement of cervical mucus properties.

Rheometric properties of cervical mucus were studied with the Ovutimer in 26 women. 14 women had regular menstrual cycles, 12 had menstrual irregularities and received treatment to induce ovulation. In 21 women (80.7%) a significant correlation was found between the ovulation time as established by the luteinizing hormone surge, and ovulation time as established by the Ovutimer test. The instrument was found satisfactorily accurate in establishing the day of ovulation in almost all cases.

Anovulation↗
PubMed1982

Hydrops fetalis caused by maternal indomethacin treatment.

Hydrops fetalis was diagnosed in one of two twins, while the other suffered from cardiac failure. Indomethacin administered to the mother to arrest premature labor, seemed to be the predisposing factor resulting in the hydrops fetalis. The possible relationship between intrauterine closure of the ductus arteriosus and the pathogenesis of hydrops fetalis is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

A possible causal relationship between mesonephric remnants and infertility of uterine origin.

Out of 714 hysterographies performed because of infertility, Four cases of unilateral "patent" mesonephric duct remnants were found and are described. In these patients a dysfunction of the uterus may be postulated, as all four had some pathology in their pregnancies, whether abortions, bleeding, premature deliveries, or a combination of these processes. It is suggested that there is a possible connection between mesonephric duct remnants and congenital uterine pathology.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Partial moles: a clinicopathologic study of 25 cases.

This study is based on a review of all moles diagnosed at the Kaplan Hospital in Israel from 1968 to 1977. Histologic reevaluation revealed that of a total of 72 moles, 47 (65%) were complete and 25 (35%) partial. In contrast to complete moles, about one third of the partial moles showed fetal parts. An analysis of the patient records showed smaller uteri, less vaginal bleeding, absence of severe vomiting, lower gonadotropin levels, and normal follow-up in patients with partial moles as compared with those who had complete moles. These results indicate that the partial mole is a distinct clinicopathologic entity that can be suspected by the clinician and confirmed by the pathologist on morphologic grounds, even in the absence of cytogenetic analysis.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

The beneficial effect of vacuum extraction of the fetus.

The vacuum extractor (VE) was applied electively after approximately 25 min of expulsion in 25 normal primiparae. Twenty-five identical parturients with spontaneous deliveries served as controls. The fetal scalp pH was measured at the beginning of the 2nd stage, and again in the cord blood of all newborns. Cardiac monitoring by scalp electrode was done for all fetuses throughout labor. The mean pH of the first blood sample was almost identical in the two groups, while the mean decrease in pH in the VE group was 0.077, against a mean change of 0.106 in the controls (p less than 0.05). In the FHR graph the total area of deceleration, and separately in the controls (p less than 0.05). In the FHR graph the total area of deceleration, and separately the up to 30 beats/min (area A) and of more than 30 beats/min (area B) were calculated. The mean total area of deceleration in the VE group was 14.76 cm2vis-à-vis 17.56 cm2 in the controls. Areas A and B were also smaller in the study group, but these differences were not statistically significant. The mean total deceleration time in the VE fetuses was 22.8 min, and 37.75 min in the controls (p less than 0.001). It is concluded that the application of the VE during the second stage lessens fetal depression, when compared with spontaneous delivery.

Extraction, Obstetrical↗
PubMed1981

Familial 5/14 translocation with triple X and 47,XY + 14q.

A family with 5/14 balanced translocation was investigated. The father and both his daughters had the same balanced translocation. One of the daughters had four spontaneous abortions, the last one with a karyotype of 47,XY + 14q-. The other daughter had two children, one of them a normal 46,XX girl, the other with the karyotype 47,XXX;5/14.

Abortion, Habitual↗
PubMed1981

Concomitant hysteroscopy and hysterography in Asherman's syndrome.

Intrauterine adhesions (IUA) (Asherman's syndrome) are a relatively frequent sequel of curettage and may cause fertility problems. Diagnosis is by hysterography, and hitherto treatment was by blind division or curettage. Lately hysteroscopic division has been introduced. A few weeks later re-hysterography is done to evaluate the results. A one-stage method is presented, in which hysteroscopic division of adhesions and immediate hysterography are done on the operating table. If some adhesions are still seen, repeat hysteroscopy and adhesionolysis re done, until the uterine cavity is restored to normal. A Lippes IUD is inserted for 2 months, with cyclic hormonal treatment, and the patient allowed subsequently to become pregnant. Fifty-six patients were treated in this manner and in 53 a regular cavity was obtained. Obstetric performance was improved from 31.9% to 64.9%, so that anatomical and functional results compare very favorably with previous reports that used other methods. This one-stage method offers a short and efficient treatment of IUA.

Female↗
PubMed1981

Combined bromocryptine and hMG treatment in hyperprolactinemic infertility.

Ten women with hyperprolactinemic sterility, which had lasted for 2-8 years, did not conceive under bromocryptine alone or combined with clomiphene, with or without hCG. Two of the patients were anovulatory, while in eight the main problem seemed to be an unreceptive cervix. They were all treated with bromocryptine combined with menotropin (hMG) and hCG for one to four cycles. Seven became pregnant after one to two cycles. Three remained unresponsive even after four cycles of treatment. It is proposed that in hyperprolactinemic infertility a combination of bromocryptine with hMG-hCG may give good results when other regimens of treatment have failed.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Bromocriptine treatment of hyperprolactinemic infertility with ovulatory disturbances.

We studied 77 women with hyperprolactinemic infertility and possible ovulatory disturbances. Galactorrhea was present in 27. Ovulation was normal in 15, 21 were anovulatory and 41 had luteal phase deficiency. All patients received bromocriptine for three months, resulting in normal serum prolactin levels. After that time, if no pregnancy occurred, clomiphene (with or without human chorionic gonadotropin) or human menopausal gonadotropin and human chorionic gonadotropin were added to the treatment. The overall pregnancy rate was 65%. The incidence of hyperprolactinemia in infertile patients is higher than expected, and patients with luteal phase deficiency can benefit from treatment with bromocriptine and ovulatory agents.

Adult↗