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Biomedical subjects

M Kuroda

Publications and source records attributed to M Kuroda.

At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Experience with transabdominal and scrotal ultrasonographic examination in urology].

To evaluate its diagnostic availability in urology, transabdominal and scrotal ultrasonographic examination was made on 87 patients who had been admitted to our hospital for space occupying lesions. In retroperitoneal lesions, adrenal tumors and renal tumors greater than 2.5 cm could be detected by this examination. In pelvic lesions, bladder tumors greater than 0.5 cm were demonstrated and prostatic carcinoma with heterogeneous echotexture and irregular margin was discriminated from BPH. Not only could fluid-filled scrotal lesions larger than 1.0 cm be distinguished from solid mass lesions, but the intrascrotal anatomy could also be demonstrated in detail. Because of its safety, flexibility, and accuracy in detecting space occupying lesions, this examination could be a useful screening test in urology. Representative cases we experienced are presented.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1982

Urinary prostaglandins and kallikrein in the course of acute renal failure.

To examine the role of prostaglandins and the kallikrein system in the recovery from acute renal failure, we studied the sequential changes in urinary prostaglandins and kallikrein after the onset of oliguria. The six patients studied had acute tubular necrosis of the vasomotor type. Urinary PGE2, PGF2 alpha, the PGF2 alpha-main urinary metabolite, 6-keto-PGF1 alpha and TXB2 were all measured by radioimmunoassay. Urinary kallikrein was assayed by means of hydrolytic activity using a chromogenic tripeptide substrate. Following onset of diuresis, urinary PGE2 excretion was increased to normal, parallel to the increase in urine volume. In contrast, the ratio of urinary PGF2 alpha/PGE2 peaked at the onset of diuresis, indicating a relative increase in PGF2 alpha production at this time. Prior to this peak, urinary kallikrein concentrations reached the highest levels, suggesting a close connection with renal prostaglandin metabolism. On the other hand, changes in PGF2 alpha-MUM, 6-keto-PGF1 alpha and TXB2 were not found. These results indicate that there may be an interlocking acute alteration of the kallikrein-prostaglandin system occurring immediately before the resolution of oliguria, although the role of the acute shift to PGF2 alpha production observed needs further study.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1982

Direct extraction of G-actin from the myosin-removed myofibrils under the conditions of low ionic strength.

Muscle actin is, in most cases, prepared from an acetone-dried powder of the myosin-removed myofibrils under low-salt conditions in the presence of ATP. In this paper, it is shown that G-actin can be directly extracted from the myosin-removed myofibrils without acetone treatment. The extraction conditions are the same as those used for the extraction of G-actin from the dried powder: extraction of the myosin-removed myofibrils for 1 h with 2 mM Tris-HCl, pH 8.0, in the presence of 0.5 mM ATP. However, the crude G-actin directly extracted from the myosin-removed myofibrils loses its polymerizability after prolonged extraction. Measurements of inorganic phosphate and thin layer chromatography of the adenine nucleotides of the crude G-actin solution show that free ATP added to the extraction buffer is sequentially hydrolyzed to ADP and AMP, and then finally converted to IMP. The instability of the G-(ADP)-actin, depolymerized from the ends of actin filaments, explains the loss in polymerizability of G-actin during the extraction. Residual ATPase, adenylate kinase, and deaminase contained in the myofibrils may account for the decomposition of ATP.

Actins↗
PubMed1982

Hypouricemia due to renal urate wasting. Two types of tubular transport defect.

We present 2 patients associated with hypouricemia. Serum uric acid levels were 1.6 and 1.3 mg/100 ml, and the ratios of urate clearance to creatinine clearance were 34.1 and 39.4%, respectively, while glomerular filtration rates (GFR) were normal. In the pyrazinamide (PZA) suppression test these 2 patients showed a different response of urate excretion. In the first patient urate excretion showed only a slight decrease following PZA. The load of benzbromarone did not increase urate excretion significantly. This patient is considered to have a defect of urate reabsorption in the proximal tubule, resulting in renal uricosuria. The second patient, on the contrary, showed nearly complete suppression of urate excretion after PZA. Uricosuric response to benzbromarone was far less than in the normal subjects. The suppression rate of urate excretion following PZA in benzbromarone-induced uricosuria was similar to the value of the normals. These results suggest that the latter had a defect of postsecretory reabsorption of urate in the tubule.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[The propensity to malignant changes in heterozygous moles].

There are at least two mechanisms of origin for complete mole, each with different genetic implications; 1) the fertilization of an empty egg by a haploid sperm and its subsequent duplication (homozygous mole), 2) the fertilization of such an egg by two haploid sperms, which produces an heterozygous constitution of allelic genes (heterozygous mole). The present study was undertaken to investigate whether the difference of origin would determine whether the moles underwent malignant transformation or not. By using of chromosomal, enzymatic and HLA polymorphisms, 35 moles were confirmed to be androgenetic in origin. Among them fifteen homozygous and 4 heterozygous moles were identified. The persistency of high HCG titration of the urine in the mother was observed in all 4 cases from the latter (4/4-100%), though the percentage of the development of sequelae in the former was low (1/15-6.7%). The diagnosis of destructive mole was established in the uterine lesion of 2 heterozygous moles by pathological examination. These two patients had lung metastases. A high incidence of sequelae after the expulsion of heterozygous moles suggests that the heterozygous constitution of allelic genes plays an important role in the process of malignant transformation of trophoblasts.

Adult↗