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Biomedical subjects

M Kuramochi

Publications and source records attributed to M Kuramochi.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Hypertensive complications and home blood pressure: comparison with blood pressure measured in the doctor's office.

We have compared hypertensive target organ damage with home blood pressure readings (HBPs) and with office blood pressure readings (OBPs) in 100 patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension. The correlation between blood pressure levels and hypertensive target organ damage in HBPs and OBPs were similar (r = .42, p less than 0.001 for systolic HBPs; r = .33, p less than 0.001 for diastolic HBPs; r = .42, p less than 0.001 for systolic OBPs; r = .34, p less than 0.001 for diastolic OBPs). In most instances, HBPs were lower than corresponding OBPs. Among individual patients whose OBPs were identical, HBPs in some instances differed strikingly. Optic fundi abnormalities were significantly more severe in patients whose systolic HBPs were 150 mmHg or greater, than in those whose systolic HBPs were less than 150 mmHg (p less than 0.05). Hypertensive complications did not differ among office hypertensive patients who were normotensive or borderline hypertensive at home, from the differences of OBPs. We concluded that overall hypertensive complications were equally related to HBPs and OBPs, but patients with discrepancies between HBPs and OBPs had fewer hypertensive complications. Thus, both OBPs and HBPs should be considered in deciding therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Plasma atrial natriuretic polypeptide and polyuria during paroxysmal tachycardia in Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome patients.

The human atrial natriuretic polypeptide (hANP) concentration in plasma was measured during paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia provoked in 2 patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. A 10- to 20-fold increase in plasma hANP concentration was observed during the tachycardia: from 12 to 291 pg/ml in 1 case and from 14 to 174 pg/ml in the other. Although polyuria was associated with the tachycardia, urinary sodium excretion as well as urinary osmolality were decreased. The urinary arginine vasopressin was appreciably decreased during the tachycardia. These results suggest that hANP released by paroxysmal tachycardia might not act as a natriuretic factor in this range of plasma concentration. Polyuria during paroxysmal tachycardia was attributed mainly to the inhibition of arginine vasopressin release.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Perforating granuloma annulare.

With more than 3 years' follow-up, dramatic clinical transfiguration of granuloma annulare was observed in a 59-year-old man with perforating granuloma annulare. The eruption was at first localized, then became generalized, developed perforations, and subsided in parallel with the improvement of associated diabetes mellitus. After reviewing 23 cases of perforating granuloma annulare from the literature, the authors divided the eruptions into two types according to their clinical features, naming one type papular perforating type (P-type) and the other ulcerative perforating type (U-type). U-type is strongly correlated with diabetes; patients with this type require detailed laboratory examination for the presence of diabetes mellitus.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Effect of synthetic human atrial natriuretic peptide on aldosterone secretion by dispersed aldosterone-producing adenoma cells in vitro.

The effect of synthetic alpha-human atrial natriuretic peptide (alpha hANP), a potent natriuretic and vasorelaxant polypeptide recently isolated from human atria, on aldosterone secretion was studied in vitro in collagenase-dispersed adrenal adenoma cells from a patient with primary aldosteronism. alpha hANP (3.2 X 10(-7) M) significantly inhibited both basal and potassium (16 mM)-stimulated aldosterone secretion, whereas it had little or no effect on aldosterone secretion submaximally or maximally stimulated by ACTH (3.4 X 10(-10)-3.4 X 10(-9) M) or angiotensin II (10(-8)-10(-9) M). The less potent effect of alpha hANP on aldosterone secretion by dispersed human adrenal tumor cells compared to that in in vitro animal studies may reflect decreased affinity and/or number of specific receptors for ANP on the tumor cells. Whether ANP plays a physiological role in regulation of aldosterone secretion in humans in vivo remains to be determined.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1985

Alterations in renal Na+K+ATPase activity and [3H]ouabain binding in Goldblatt hypertensive rabbits.

To evaluate the role of renal Na+K+ATPase in the presence of Goldblatt hypertension, the enzyme activity and [3H]ouabain binding were examined in cortical and medullary homogenates from two-kidney, one clip (2K1C), one-kidney, one clip (1K1C), unilaterally nephrectomized and normal rabbits. Four weeks after the surgery, systolic blood pressures (SBPs) of 2K1C and 1K1C rabbits were increased significantly to 128 +/- 3 and 129 +/- 2 mmHg, respectively. In contrast, SBPs in the normal controls and unilateral nephrectomized (1K) animals were 83 +/- 2 and 86 +/- 3 mmHg, respectively. In the 2K1C rabbits, atrophy (91%) occurred in the kidney on the ischaemic side and hypertrophy (110%) occurred in the contralateral kidney. Na+K+ATPase activity and number of [3H]ouabain binding sites were reduced in the homogenates of the ischaemic kidney of 2K1C rabbits. In the 1K1C rabbits, marked hypertrophy of the kidney (155%) occurred, and the activity of Na+K+ATPase and the number of [3H]ouabain binding sites increased slightly in the cortex and medulla, compared with the normal controls. 5'-Nucleotidase, a plasma membrane marker enzyme, remained unchanged in both groups of hypertensive rabbits. Dissociation constant (KD) values for [3H]ouabain binding did not differ significantly in the renal homogenates of of 2K1C and 1K1C, compared with findings in the normal controls. The inhibitory activity of plasma was measured by studying [3H]ouabain binding to Na+K+ATPase of renal tubular basolateral membrane vesicles purified by Percoll gradient. The inhibition was more pronounced with plasma from 2K1C, 1K1C and 1K rabbits than from the control animals. Our findings suggest that in the Goldblatt hypertensive model, changes in Na+K+ATPase activity were due to alterations in glomerular filtration rate (GFR).

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Effect of angiotensin III on blood pressure, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in normal and hypertensive subjects.

The biological actions of angiotensin III (AIII) in animals have been reported to be stimulation of aldosterone secretion and vasoconstriction. However, the biological actions of AIII in human essential hypertension (EH) have not been evaluated. Twenty ng/Kg/min of AIII was infused intravenously for 30 min into 6 normal subjects and 24 patients with EH. The systolic blood pressure was elevated significantly, from 116 +/- 5 (mean +/- SD)/68 +/- 4 to 137 +/- 9/74 +/- 5 mmHg in normal subjects and from 155 +/- 29/95 +/- 17 to 176 +/- 26/106 +/- 20 mmHg in EH patients. The elevation in systolic BP of low-renin EH patients was significantly larger than that of normal-renin EH patients. Plasma renin activity (PRA) decreased significantly from 1.64 +/- 1.07 to 1.21 +/- 1.05 ng/ml/hr in normal subjects and from 0.88 +/- 0.66 to 0.76 +/- 0.63 ng/ml/hr in EH. Plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC) increased significantly from 57 +/- 34 to 116 +/- 34 pg/ml in normal subjects and from 66 +/- 56 to 91 +/- 24 pg/ml/ in EH. There was no significant difference between the increase of PAC in low-renin EH and in normal-renin EH. Plasma cortisol concentration (PCC) did not change in these subjects. There were no significant relationships between the changes of PRA and PAC or PRA and blood pressure. These results suggest that the pressor action of AIII appeared in relation to the basal PRA in EH. In EH, PRA is suppressed by the direct action of AIII in the kidney and neither by increased PAC nor by increased blood pressure. The small changes in blood pressure caused by AII infusion suggest that a test using an AIII infusion for aldosterone stimulation would be preferable to an angiotensin II infusion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Neurohumoral factors in borderline hypertension.

Role of neurohumoral factors in borderline hypertension was evaluated in comparison to those in established hypertension. Although there was no significant difference in urinary noradrenaline between the 2 groups, urinary adrenaline was significantly higher in borderline hypertension than in established hypertension. During head-up tilt and Schellong's test a significant increase of diastolic blood pressure was demonstrated in borderline hypertension, whereas a significant decrease of systolic blood pressure was observed without any significant change of diastolic pressure in established hypertension. There was no significant difference in blood pressure response to cold pressor test, plasma volume, total body potassium and plasma renin activity (PRA) between the 2 groups. Blood pressure did not change after administration of captopril in normal subjects but it decreased significantly after captopril in patients with borderline hypertension even when blood pressure became normotensive during hospitalization. Blood pressure decreased significantly after captopril in patients with established hypertension. However, no significant relationship between the pretreatment PRA and the reduction of mean blood pressure was observed in both groups. It can be concluded from the present study that borderline hypertension is intermediate between normal subjects and established hypertension and that both the renin-angiotensin system and the kinin-prostaglandin system play some role in the maintenance of blood pressure in borderline hypertension.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Elevation of plasma renin activity during pregnancy and rupture of a dissecting aortic aneurysm in a patient with primary aldosteronism.

This is a case report of a 37-year-old Japanese woman with primary aldosteronism who was found to have high plasma renin activity during toxemia of pregnancy and who died of a dissecting aneurysm of the aorta about 2 years later. The autopsy findings showed cystic medial necrosis in the aorta and a right adrenocortical adenoma. The dissecting aneurysm in this case is probably related to hypertension and cystic medial necrosis. A definite diagnosis of primary aldosteronism cannot be made during toxemia of pregnancy, and it is necessary to do serial determinations of plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone concentration after delivery to confirm the diagnosis.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1981

Correction of hypertension by partial nephrectomy in segmental renal artery stenosis and electron microscopic studies of renin.

An 18-year-old man had hypertension with hyperreninemia and marked difference in plasma renin activity between both renal veins after tilting. Selective renal arteriography revealed a stenotic lesion in a segmental artery to the upper pole of the left kidney with poststenotic dilatation. The upper pole of the kidney with abnormal arterial segment was resected and the blood pressure returned to normal. Electron microscopically, a large number of mature juxtaglomerular cell granules were associated with many protogranules in the epitheloid cell. These findings suggest that his hypertension was due to overproduction of renin from the upper pole.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Release of active and inactive renin by the human kidney.

1. Active and inactive renin were assayed in plasma of the renal veins and the inferior vena cava below the kidney in eight patients with hypertension and unilateral renal abnormalities, 20 min after the patients had resumed the upright position. 2. The concentration of active renin on the affected side was significantly higher than that on the non-affected side. The concentration of inactive renin on the affected side was significantly lower than that on the non-affected side and in the inferior vena cava. 3. These findings suggest either that the affected kidney mainly secretes active renin, which is then converted into inactive renin in the extrarenal circulation, or that the affected kidney activates inactive renin.

Enzyme Activation↗