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Biomedical subjects

M Kucera

Publications and source records attributed to M Kucera.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Free oxygen radicals and rheumatic diseases].

The authors assessed in blood some indicators of the reaction of the organism to the formation and action of free radicals in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, with other inflammatory articular diseases selected at random and with degenerative diseases of the joints and spine. From the results ensues that subjects with inflammations of the synovial membrane respond relatively frequently by a rise of indicators of the antioxidant system such as the activity of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase or the antioxidant capacity of plasma. Obviously a defence reaction of the organism is involved to the increased formation and action of free oxygen radicals in the inflamed articular lining. The authors conclude that the mentioned laboratory indicators of the action of free radicals could be used when checking the progress of treatment in rheumatic diseases.

Antioxidants↗
PubMed1996

[Personal experience with use of Claforan in the form of a "protected coagulum" in patients after kidney transplantation].

Prophylaxis by means of antibiotics in the form of a so-called "protected coagulum" is an important part of prevention of postoperative infections in renal transplantations. The antibiotic is selected with regard to its effectiveness against the most frequent pathogens, tissue penetration, undesirable effects (in particular nephrotoxicity). The authors investigated a group of 450 renal transplantations with cefotaxime prophylaxis. During the four-week follow-up period after operation infection of the surgical wound (abscess, purulent secretion) occurred in 15 patients (3.33%). The mentioned results indicate that cefotaxime is suitable for use as a protected coagulum also in patients with postoperative immunosuppression.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Surgical complications after kidney transplantation].

In the period from 1 January 1992 through 31 December 1995, a total of 582 renal transplantations were performed at the Department of Cardiovascular and Transplant Surgery of the Prague-based Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine. This number does not include combined kidney and pancreas transplantations. In 571 cases, the kidney was transplanted from a cadaveric donor while living related donors were involved in 11 cases. Of the 582 procedures, 515 were first transplantations while the remaining 67 were re-transplantations. The most frequent surgical procedure was lymphocele developing in 70 patients. Urinary fistula was present in 39 patients while 21 patients developed early obstruction or stenosis of the ureter. Other complications included graft rupture, bleeding, vascular thrombosis and a rare case of bowel perforation. Surgical complications required graft nephrectomy in 27 cases (4.6%).

Female↗
PubMed1995

[Levels of endogenous plasma cortisol in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and other diffuse connective tissue diseases].

The authors tried to obtain information on levels of endogenous plasma cortisol in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and other diffuse connective tissue diseases, in particular systemic lupus erythematosus. Endogenous cortisol was assessed by radioimmunoanalysis at 8 a.m. and 4 p.m. If the sum of the morning and afternoon values reached the level of 280 nmol/l (sum of the lowest still normal values), they considered the daily cortisol secretion still normal. In a group of 30 patients who did not have glucocorticoid therapy the authors found only in one patient a lower daily endogenous cortisol secretion. In 117 patients with a relatively severe course of rheumatoid arthritis where small doses of corticoids (equivalents of 5-10 mg Prednisone) were administered for prolonged periods, a reduced daily secretion of endogenous plasma cortisol was recorded in almost 40%. Repeated examinations made in 13 subjects with rheumatoid arthritis revealed relatively frequent differences in values of endogenous plasma cortisol. In rare instances extremely low plasma levels of endogenous cortisol were found. Similar results as in rheumatoid arthritis, although assessed in a relatively small number of probands, were obtained by the authors also in patients with other diffuse connective tissue diseases, in particular those with systemic lupus erythematosus. Those patients had for prolonged periods roughly double doses of corticoids as compared with patients with rheumatoid arthritis. During repeated examinations the endogenous plasma cortisol levels varied also. The authors are aware that from the assembled results it is so far not possible to draw any definite conclusions and that further investigations are needed which will test the impact of endogenously produced corticoid.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1995

Vinorelbine and cisplatin in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer: results of a multicenter Czech study.

There is continuous discussion about the optimal treatment for patients with inoperable non small cell lung cancer. This is because chemotherapy can only improve the quality of life in a fraction of treated patients while prolonging survival by a couple of weeks at best. The new cytostatic drug "vinorelbine" has been tested in this indication during the last years. The drug has reached the response rate of 16 to 30% when used as monotherapy. The phase II studies proved the combination of vinorelbine with cisplatin to be the most efficient one and this combination was picked up for phase III clinical trials. The clinical trial with the aims to verify published data on treatment efficacy, to assess adverse effects of treatment and to evaluate appropriateness for routine application has been made in the Czech Republic. The treatment schedule was as follows: cisplatin (Platidiam Lachema) in a dose of 80 mg/m2 on day 1, vinorelbine (Navelbine Pierre Fabre) in a dose of 30 mg/m2 on days 1 and 8. The whole cycle was repeated on day 22. The treatment was applied for 12 weeks. After that the efficacy of treatment was evaluated and only the patients with regression or stabilization of the disease continued the treatment. 44 (35%) partial remissions and 3 (2.3%) complete remissions were achieved in a group of 126 evaluable patients. The effect of treatment was evaluated as stable disease in 35 (27%) patients while the progression of disease occurred in 38 (30%) patients. The tolerance of treatment using effective antiemetic support (ondansetron or granisetron) was fairly good.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Evaluation of physical activity in obese individuals].

BACKGROUND: Dynamic exercise is the optimal form of spending leisure time and forms the contents of the majority of children's games. It is a risk to restrict (or enforce) physical activity in particular on young children. This pertains also to obese children where the regulation of the ratio energy input: energy output is one of the therapeutic components. METHODS AND RESULTS: The authors investigated physical activity during spontaneous activity in a group of 36 obese subjects, 20 non-obese controls and 41 comparable subjects aged 8-16 years (with the exception of a group of 13-14-years-olds the obese children were taller than the control group). Assessment by concealed camera. Children had a varied selection of gymnastic apparatuses and other activities. Concurrently the heart rate was recorded (by a Sport-Tester Pollar, evaluated by Sony equipment). Everything was rated as active movement with the exception of the standing, sitting or recumbent position. The examiners did not interfere with the physical activity. The assembled values confirm the basic need of activity in relation to age and the important role of elevated body weight. The latter was the reason why, while less time was spent for exercise (chronometer), the heart rate of obese subjects did not differ significantly from that of the control group during spontaneous physical activity and during a 3-minute run. CONCLUSIONS: Controlled physical activity must always respect the total burdening with excessive body weight as well as the physical action of overweight. Physical activity of young subjects with a higher body weight is in relation to needs of exercise of the given age group and to their total body weight.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Rheumatoid arthritis--a diffuse connective tissue disease].

The authors describe in a group of 100 patients, mostly with a severe form of rheumatoid arthritis, subjects with so-called "severe" extraarticular affections which can threaten the patients' lives or cause substantial deterioration of its quality, and those subjects where rheumatoid arthritis was the cause of death. These affections were associated--directly or indirectly--with the basic disease. From the absolute number of revealed affections the authors do not want to draw any conclusions as they are aware of various factors which could influence them. They assume, however, that the assembled data provide evidence that the American Rheumatological Association was right to include rheumatoid arthritis among diffuse connective tissue diseases and that it must be considered not only a disease of the locomotor apparatus but a potential disease of the organism as a whole.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1994

Osteoporosis and former athletes.

Osteoporotic changes are one of most frequent causes of compliant in both female and male older populations. Former female athletes have an even higher incidence due to greater risk factors. Frequency and risk of damage in the musculoskeletal system for older athletes and a complete analysis of therapeutic effects are covered. An emphasis is given to the significance of a rational daily regimen and exercise. Examinations of 405 patients with these troubles were carried out over a period of twelve months.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Principles of general and specialized physical activity].

Physical activity plays an important role in the maintenance of functions and the milieu interieur. There are many types and intensities of physical activity and their impact on the organism and its parts is varied. However, exercise must always be consistent with the state of the organism at a given moment. Inadequacy of the form and type of physical activity becomes always manifest after different time intervals, as a process of maladaptation and finally as a pathological adaptation. It is important for every age group and every health status but differs markedly as regards quality and quantity. Objective evaluation of the load and state of the organism and capacity of a physiological response is one of the basic principles of prevention as well as therapy.

Exercise↗
PubMed1993

[A new method of retrograde hypothermic cardioplegia].

Application of the cardioplegic solution dramatically improved the results of the operations in ECC. Authors discussed the methods of application of the cardioplegic solution, mainly in the connection with its applications to the sinus coronarius. This is then discussed from another point of view of its use. In the field of the cardioplegy there is referred about new authors' method, and so on the possibility of its use, and the most propriete indications. Described method is available and its parameters, verified clinically and experimentally, are advantageous in the stated situations.

Heart Arrest, Induced↗
PubMed1992

[Preliminary results of the 1991 population and housing census].

"This article contains a brief commentary on already published preliminary census results [for Czechoslovakia].... The author paid special attention to the data on nationality...and to changes since 1980 and, above all, to the numbers of inhabitants of Moravian and Silesian nationality but also to smaller nationality groups, including their territorial distribution." For the first time in 40 years, a question on religious affiliation was included in the Czech census, and consideration is given here to the responses. (SUMMARY IN ENG AND RUS)

Censuses↗
PubMed1992

[Modern cardiac pacing. I. Dual-chamber pacemakers: 10 years' experience].

Dual chamber cardiac pacemakers restoring an impaired atrioventricular synchrony meet a demand of contemporary so-called physiologic cardiac pacing. 39 dual chamber (DDD) pacers were implanted in 1982-1991 in our center. They improved both well-being and hemodynamic values (doppler echocardiography) more distinctly than common ventricular demand devices did. P-wave driven ventricular pacing in normal sinus node function (in 40 per cent of our DDD patients) made a frequency response in physical exercise possible. A short atrioventricular delay in DDD pacing proved to be helpful in the treatment for reentry tachycardias refractory to antiarrhythmic drug administration. Demanding implant, high price, lengthy programming as well as a higher incidence of complications (30.7 per cent) as compared to ventricular pacemakers (7.6 per cent) were the main problems of DDD ones.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Plasma iron levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis].

In 50 patients with confirmed or classical rheumatoid arthritis the serum iron level (FeS) was examined (in some repeatedly), the total number of examinations being 82. In 51.1% reduced values were recorded. In 27 subjects of the group the total iron binding capacity was assessed. In none of the patients reduced values were found, in 24 the values were at the upper borderline of normal values and in one instance the value was elevated. In 13 patients with a low FeS with a normal or elevated total iron binding capacity Ferronat Retard was administered. The FeS level reached relatively rapidly normal values which in the author's opinion is rather a manifestation of receding activity of rheumatoid arthritis. They consider administration of iron preparations even in patients with a relatively high total iron binding capacity problematical, except when there is justified suspicion of iron ion losses via the gastrointestinal tract or in malnutrition. Iron administration did not cause deterioration of the rheumatic process.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1990

[Characteristics of physical stress in children participating in sports at the present time].

The author, head of the Clinic of Paediatric Sports Medicine, demonstrates in an article written for paediatricians the controversy between the phylogenetically based need of exercise and the inadequate practice in the ontogenesis of the present young generation. He explains from the theoretical and practical aspect basis concepts of adequate physical exercise in different age periods, the minimal need of physical activity, sports loads in different types of physical training and he emphasizes the importance of close cooperation between paediatricians and adolescence medical officers of the first line and at district policlinics with surgeries for sports medicine.

Child↗