Biomedical subjects

M Kubo

Publications and source records attributed to M Kubo.

At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources

PubMed1991

Provirus integration at the 3' region of N-myc in cell lines established from thymic lymphomas spontaneously formed in AKR mice and a [(BALB/c x B6)F1----AKR] bone marrow chimera.

Among 18 thymic leukemia cell lines which have been established from spontaneous thymic lymphomas in AKR mice as well as in bone marrow chimeras which were constructed by transplanting allogeneic bone marrow cells into irradiated AKR mice, three proviral integration sites were identified; near c-myc, N-myc and pim-1 loci. No integration site specific for chimeric leukemia cell lines was found. In three thymic leukemia cell lines which contained rearranged N-myc genes, insertions of long terminal repeats (LTRs) of murine leukemia viruses were detected at 18 or 20 bp downstream of the translational termination codon. These results demonstrate that the 3' region of the N-myc gene is one of the integration targets for murine leukemia viruses in spontaneous thymic lymphomas. In these three cell lines, N-myc mRNA was stably transcribed and transcription of c-myc mRNA was down-regulated. The integrated murine leukemia viruses in AKR thymic leukemia were most likely AKV, though the DNA sequence of the LTR inserted in the genome of a leukemic cell line from [(BALB/c x B6)F1----AKR], CAK20, was different from LTRs of murine leukemia viruses so far reported.

Antigens, Surface↗

PubMed1991

[A case of cat scratch disease complicated by reversible encephalopathy].

We described a eight-year-old girl with encephalopathy due to cat scratch disease. Cat scratch disease is a common cause of benign, self-limited, regional adenopathy seen among young people. Encephalopathy is uncommon but is a serious complication of cat scratch disease. Cat scratch disease with associated encephalopathy was described by Stevens in 1952. Since then there have been reports of only 39 cases in the English literature. As far as we know, this case is the first case in Japan. In cases of a rapidly progressive encephalopathy, the diagnosis of cat scratch disease should be considered.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1991

[Isolation of enteropathogenic microorganism from patients with infection of the digestive tract during 1976 to 1988 in Tenri Hospital].

Enteropathogenic microorganisms isolated from feces of 9,393 patients with diarrhea or enteritis in our hospital between 1976 and 1988 were analyzed. As the result of the examination of 5,443 outpatients, 1,811 strains of pathogens were isolated from 1,686 cases (31.0%). Several species including Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli serotype, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, were isolated before 1978, and the incidence of pathogens was low (14.8%). For the 10-year period since 1979, the incidence markedly increased to 34.4%, and the number of pathogens isolated also increased to about twice that before 1978. The main cause of the increase was Campylobacter species. The major pathogens detected since 1979 were Campylobacter spp., E. coli serotype, Salmonella spp., V. parahaemolyticus, etc., but Rota virus, Clostridium difficile, Aeromonas spp., Vibrio fluvialis, etc. have also been detected, showing an increase in the number and diversity of the detected pathogens. As the result of the examination of 3,950 inpatients, 835 strains of pathogens were isolated from 800 cases (20.3%). The incidence of C. difficile was the highest, 423 of 800, followed by E. coli serotype, Salmonella spp., Campylobacter spp., V. parahaemolyticus and Aeromonas spp., in that order. All the inpatients from whom C. difficile was isolated manifested diarrhea or enteritis after administration of antimicrobial agents. The pathogens causing communicable disease were Salmonella spp. serovar Typhi, Salmonella spp. serovar Paratyphi A, Shigella flexneri, Shigella sonnei and Entamoeba histolytica, which were isolated from 5, 1, 3, 2 and inpatients, respectively.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

Effects of protopine on blood platelet aggregation. III. Effect of protopine on the metabolic system of arachidonic acid in platelets.

The mode of action of protopine on blood platelet aggregation was investigated in the metabolic system of arachidonic acid and in liberation of platelet activating factor using in vitro experimental models. Protopine inhibited the releases of arachidonic acid and platelet activating factor from platelet membrane phospholipids. Protopine also inhibited the conversion of prostaglandin G2 to thromboxane A2, as well as carboxyheptyl imidazole, a thromboxane synthetase inhibitor. These results indicated that protopine functions both as a phospholipase inhibitor and a thromboxane synthetase inhibitor. It is expected that protopine can be applied for treatment of thrombosis as an antiplatelet drug.

Alkaloids↗

PubMed1991

[Pharmacological study on citrus fruits. II. Anti-allergic effect of fruit of Citrus unshiu MARKOVICH (2). On flavonoid components].

A study was carried out to clarify the active component of green fruit of Citrus unshiu MAKOVICH on the type I allergic reaction. The flavonoid component, isolated from its methanolic extract, hesperidin, was found to inhibit histamine release from peritoneal mast cells of rats induced by compound 48/80. Forty eight-hour homologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) in intact rats was significantly inhibited by the oral administration of hesperidin. However, the anti-allergic action on PCA was not observed in adrenalectomized rats. These results suggests that hesperidin is an effective component of the fruit of Citrus unshiu with the anti-allergic action against the type I reaction.

Adrenalectomy↗

PubMed1991

Pharmacological studies on TA-6366, a new ACE inhibitor: II. Effect of long-term administration from the pre-hypertensive stage on blood pressure, relative heart weight and ACE activity of various tissues in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs).

The long-term oral administration of TA-6366 (5 mg/kg/day) from 4-weeks old impeded the genetic hypertension development with only a slight decrease in heart rate in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). However, the lower dose (1 mg/kg/day) of TA-6366 did not affect the development, but it lowered blood pressure after the development was almost accomplished. Concomitantly, relative heart weights in both the groups were markedly decreased to almost the same degree. The reduction of ACE activity in the aorta, brain and lung of both groups was found at 24 hr after the final administration, particularly at the 5 mg/kg/day dose; and that of the aorta was kept at almost the same low level even on the 9th day after withdrawal. After withdrawal of TA-6366 (5 mg/kg/day), the significant decrease in blood pressure was sustained at least for 10 weeks. The beneficial effect of TA-6366 on the hypertension development in SHRs seems to be related to its strong and long-lasting ACE inhibition, especially in the vasculature.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed1991

Maturation of the pituitary-thyroid axis during the perinatal period.

To clarify the maturation process of the pituitary-thyroid axis during the perinatal period, thyrotropin (TSH) response to thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) and serum thyroid hormone levels were examined in 26 healthy infants of 30 to 40 weeks gestation. A TRH stimulation test was performed on 10 to 20 postnatal days. Basal concentrations of serum thyroxine (T4), free thyroxine (free T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) were positively correlated to gestational age and birth weight (p less than 0.001-0.01). Seven infants of 30 to 35 gestational weeks demonstrated an exaggerated TSH response to TRH (49.7 +/- 6.7 microU/ml versus 22.1 +/- 4.8 microU/ml, p less than 0.001), which was gradually reduced with gestational age and normalized after 37 weeks gestation. A similar decrease in TSH responsiveness to TRH was also observed longitudinally in all of 5 high responders repeatedly examined. There was a negative correlation between basal or peak TSH concentrations and postconceptional age in high responders (r = -0.59 p less than 0.05, r = -0.66 p less than 0.01), whereas in the normal responders TSH response, remained at a constant level during 31 to 43 postconceptional weeks. On the other hand, there was no correlation between basal or peak TSH levels and serum thyroid hormones. These results indicate that (1) maturation of the pituitary-thyroid axis is intrinsically controlled by gestational age rather than by serum thyroid hormone levels, (2) hypersecretion of TSH in preterm infants induces a progressive increase in serum thyroid hormones, and (3) although there is individual variation in the maturation process, the feedback regulation of the pituitary-thyroid axis matures by approximately the 37th gestational week.

Birth Weight↗

PubMed1991

[A rapid method for screening transgenic mice by PCR with small amounts of blood].

We report a rapid method for screening transgenic mice by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with small amounts of blood. Ten to 50 microliters of the uncoagulated blood were collected from the transgenic mice carrying the human A gamma/beta-globin gene (8.9 kb, 13 and 53 copies) by puncturing the leg vein or cutting the tail end. Blood was mixed well with 200 microliter of the white blood cell separating-solution and was stood for 40 minutes. DNA was extracted from the blood cells in the supernatant and was used for PCR. When 10-20 microliters of blood were applied to the cell separating-solution and the blood cells that washed out from 10-20 microliters of the supernatant were used for PCR, the specific DNA band that amplified from the transgene was always detected by the electrophoresis with an agarose minigel.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

Renal kinin and kallikrein excretion in cirrhotic patients.

Urinary kinin and urinary kallikrein activity were measured in 33 liver cirrhotics, and the values were correlated with the severity of the liver disease. A significant relationship was observed between urinary kinin excretion and urinary kallikrein excretion (r = 0.53; p less than 0.01). Both urinary kinin and kallikrein excretion were significantly lower in Child's group C than in Child's groups A and B (p less than 0.05) and showed positive correlations with serum albumin (r = 0.47, p less than 0.01 and r = 0.46, p less than 0.01, respectively). Increases in urinary kinin and kallikrein excretion after endoscopic variceal sclerotherapy were observed in 18 patients (p less than 0.01 and p less than 0.05, respectively). These results suggest that the renal kallikrein-kinin system in suppressed in severe liver disease in proportion to the severity of the underlying liver disease. In this study possible activation of this system after sclerotherapy was also demonstrated.

Esophageal and Gastric Varices↗

PubMed1991

[Psychological states and personality as factors in the morbidity of head and neck malignant tumors].

Many publications have repeatedly indicated that there seems to be a correlation between neoplastic disease and certain types of psychological situations. However, such studies subjected malignant tumors in head and neck region are scanty so far. We applied Cornell Medical Index Health Questionnaire (CMI) and Maudsley Personality Inventory (MPI) to collect medical and psychiatric data from 86 patients (56 males and 30 females) with head and neck malignant tumors and 115 control patients (73 males and 42 females) with head and neck diseases other than malignant tumors. Analysis of CMI data using Diagnostic Sheet, Fukamachi's method and Modification of Abe's method, and analysis of each of Extroversion-Introversion scale scores, Neuroticism scale scores and Lie scale scores of MPI led the following conclusion. 1) Both male and female patients with head and neck malignant tumors showed to be more depressive than their control patients were. Especially, between the two patient groups in males, there was a statistically significant (p less than 0.05) difference. 2) Regarding neurosis, autonomic nerve dysfunctioning and extroversion-introversion, none of these factors seemed to be related with the morbidity of head and neck malignant tumors. Further exploration of this issue, with a special attention to the relationship between depression and head and neck malignancy should be conducted, if possibly, from a prospective point of view.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

[Effect of recognition of head and neck malignancies on patients' psychosomatic condition and personality].

In order to elucidate the effect of recognition of head and neck malignancies on patients' psychosomatic condition and personality, we applied the Cornell Medical Index Health Questionnaire (CMI) and the Maudsley Personality Inventory (MPI) and collected medical and psychological data from 35 male (42-78 years of age; average 62.5) and 15 female (20-76 years of age; average 54.7) patients with malignant head and neck tumors (10 nose and paranasal, 8 oral, 8 pharyngeal, 14 laryngeal, 6 thyroid gland and 4 others). The two tests were done twice for each patients; at first immediately before hospitalization for treatment of the tumors at Mie University Hospital and secondly just before discharge from the hospital. The period of hospitalization ranged 1 to 13 months, average 3.3 months. At the end of hospitalization doctors and nurses who had mainly taken care of the patients estimated the patients' recognition of their malignancy by analyzing behavior and information mainly from their family and classified patients into three groups; Group R (Patients who recognized that they were patients with head and neck malignancies) comprised 22 patients, Group N (who did not recognize the condition) comprised 15 and Group U (who could not be classified into Groups R or N) comprised 13. Comparison among the three groups revealed the followings. 1) Patients in Group R were relatively young (average 56.3 years) and extrovert (estimated by MPI) and their somatic and psychological complaints registered on the CMI were less than those in other 2 groups. Psychosomatic condition after recognition that they had been patients with malignant tumors was better than before.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗

PubMed1991

[A case of malakoplakia of the kidney and urinary bladder].

A case of malakoplakia which co-existed in the kidney and the urinary bladder is reported. The patient was a 51-year-old female who had been suffering from asymptomatic macroscopic hematuria. Cystoscopic examination revealed multiple yellow-red nodules in the posterior and lateral wall of the bladder. Transurethral punch biopsy of the mucosa was performed and histopathological examination of the specimens revealed the diagnosis of malakoplakia. The laboratory data at admission were within normal limits except for slightly accelerated erythrocyte sedimentation rate. The culture of urine was negative. The cytology of urine was interpreted as Papanicolaou class I. Intravenous pyelography demonstrated filling defect of the left upper renal calyx, which was confirmed by retrograde pyelography. Computerized tomography showed dilatation of the left upper calyx. An exploratory operation disclosed that the upper calyceal neck was obstructed by several small nodular lesion, which were very similar to the lesions in the bladder. Because intraoperative pathological diagnosis of the frozen section was malakoplakia, partial nephrectomy was performed. Histopathological examination of the kidney and the bladder showed typical Michaelis-Gutmann bodies in the granulomatous lesions. Follow-up examinations 4 months after operation revealed some residual lesions in the bladder which were treated with bethanechol, but no recurrence in the kidney.

Bethanechol↗

PubMed1991

[Correction of EOG with eye movement measured by the eye mark recorder system].

The electrooculogram (EOG) is usually necessary for the subject to fixate two targets alternately at a fixed visual angle. However, in the patients with poor vision, it can be difficult to fixate exactly. In such case, the results can be improved by using both the measurement of real eye position and the measurement of EOGs in combination. In this study, we measured subject's eye position simultaneously with the potential changes around his eyes as the subject pursued alternately two on-and-off visual targets which were horizontally placed on the cylindrical screen at a regular visual angle in front of his eyes. The EOG is obtained from those potential changes. If the difference between the target position and the fixating point can be calculated from the net eye movement measured with an eye camera, the error potential can be derived from this difference. Therefore, exact potential changes are obtained by correcting the measured potentials with the above error potentials. The authors were able to confirm that the potential changes were approximately proportional to the amplitude of saccadic eye movements within about 30 degrees in front of the eyes. Therefore, the simultaneous measurement of the potential changes and the eye position enable measurement of EOG without pursuing the targets by transforming the measured potentials into the exact values corresponding to the constant amplitudes of saccades.

Electrooculography↗

PubMed1991

[The respiratory function in children with collagen disease].

Respiratory function tests were performed on 60 children with collagen disease. Twenty-seven cases (45%) showed abnormalities in the respiratory function. These abnormalities were restrictive in 14 cases (52%), obstructive in 6 cases (22%), and mixed type in 7 cases (26%). Eight out of 14 SLE patients (57%) showed abnormalities of various types. Abnormalities were seen in 9 out of 25 JRA patients (36%) including 6 cases (67%) with restrictive type changes. Four out of 6 MCTD (67%) and 3 out of 9 DM (33%) patient showed functional abnormalities. Most of patients with these two types of collagen disease showed restrictive changes. Investigations performed by a research group of the Ministry of Health and Welfare showed the incidence of restrictive type changes (% VC less than 80) in adult patients of collagen disease to be in the following descending order: PM/DM greater than PSS greater than MCTD greater than SLE. Though small in number, our investigation revealed that a considerable proportion of MCTD and SLE patients showed restrictive changes in respiratory function. In evaluating the clinical course of the disease, it was thus considered to be important to follow up the progress of respiratory functions in children with collagen disease.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

[Cranial fasciitis of childhood].

A rare case of cranial fasciitis in a 1-year-old boy arising in the temporoparietal bone has been described. In 1990, Lauer and Endinger first reported cranial fasciitis, which is a benign subcutaneous tumor of the head developing from the deep fascia or the cranial periosteum and showing a pathological finding characterized by proliferation of fibroblasts. They described this tumor as "cranial fasciitis of childhood" in view of a high incident in infants and child. Cranial fasciitis grows rapidly in the scalp without pain, but its mean size is 2.5-3cm. Cranial fasciitis is closely related a clinical course and pathological findings to nodular fasciitis, which is also a benign proliferative fibroblast tumor developing from the subcutaneous muscular layers of the trunk and extremities (especially, the forearms), which was reported by Konwaler in 1955. However, cranial fasciitis differs from nodular fasciitis in that it is associated with the skull bone and, in many cases, the tumor destroys the inner and outer table of the skull and adheres to the dura mater. Cranial fasciitis should be considered to be a variant of nodular fasciitis. Neurosurgeons should be aware of this entity in the differential diagnosis of a firm lesion of the scalp in children. A brief review of the literature disclosed only 17 cases in the world. This case report is the first one of cranial fasciitis in Japan.

Fasciitis↗

PubMed1991

Anti-hepatitic activity of ginsenoside Ro.

Ginsenoside Ro, an oleanane-type saponin has been screened for activity in experimental models of acute and chronic hepatitis. Ginsenoside Ro (50 and 200 mg/kg, p.o.) inhibited the increase of serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (s-GOT) and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (s-GPT) levels in D-galactosamine (GalN)- and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced acute hepatitic rats. Ginsenoside Ro inhibited the increase of connective tissue in the liver of CCl4-induced chronic hepatitic rats. Ginsenoside Ro showed a stronger inhibitory effect on the GalN-induced acute hepatitic model than those of the aglycone of ginsenoside Ro, oleanolic acid, or glycyrrhizic acid and its aglycone, glycyrrhetinic acid.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1991

Abnormalities of plasma lipoproteins in a new genetically obese rat with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (Wistar fatty rat).

We investigated plasma lipoprotein profiles and the activities of tissue cholesterol regulating enzymes in Wistar fatty rats, an animal model for non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Wistar fatty rats were made by transfer of the fa gene to the Wistar Kyoto rats by backcross-breeding. Wistar fatty and control non-diabetic littermates were given a laboratory chow or an atherogenic diet containing 1 percent (weight percent) cholesterol, 0.5 percent cholic acid, and 5 percent lard. Under the chow diet, plasma fasting glucose and immunoreactive insulin concentrations in Wistar fatty rats were 1.5- and 6-fold higher than controls, respectively. Plasma cholesterol was significantly increased in Wistar fatty rats compared with controls. Elevated plasma cholesterol levels in Wistar fatties was accounted for by the increases of cholesterol content in the d less than 1.006 g/ml lipoprotein and high-density lipoproteins. Under the atherogenic diet, plasma cholesterol levels in Wistar fatties were further increased by 129 percent compared with controls. The diet-induced increase of cholesterol contents was shown in all lipoprotein classes for Wistar fatty rats. The activities of regulatory enzymes for cholesterol biosynthesis or absorption were measured in Wistar fatty rats. Both hepatic and intestinal 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl (HMG)-CoA reductase activities were significantly higher in Wistar fatty rats than those in controls (P less than 0.05 and P less than 0.01, respectively). ACAT activities in Wistar fatties were significantly increased in the intestine (P less than 0.05) and decreased in the liver in comparison with controls (P less than 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Analysis of Variance↗

PubMed1991

[Effects of ONO-1016, inhibitor of C1-/HCO3- exchange, on the brain water content and local cerebral blood flow following cerebral ischemia in spontaneously hypertensive rats].

The effects of ONO-1016, as an inhibitor of C1-/HCO3-exchange, on the brain edema and circulatory failure following cerebral ischemia were examined in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR-SP). SHR-SP were divided into three groups: control (sham-operation), non-treated, ONO-1016 group, respectively. Cerebral ischemia was produced by bilateral carotid artery occlusion (BCAO) for 1 hr and then following reperfusion. The brain water content and local cerebral blood flow (LCBF) were determined by dry-wet method and 14C-iodoantipyrine method 2 hr after start of reperfusion. ONO-1016 was given intravenously at a dose of 100 micrograms/kg/min prior to ischemia. The brain water content increased in septum (SP), amygdala (AM) in both non-treated and ONO-1016 groups compared from those in control group. However, brain water contents in SP and midbrain were lower in ONO-1016 group than those in non-treated group. LCBFs decreased to 50-80% in SP, cerebral cortex (CT), striatum (ST), hippocampus (HC) and AM in non-treated group, while LCBFs decreased to 60-80% in SP, CT, ST, AM in ONO-1016 group when compared from those in control group. Decrease of LCBF in ST and HC in ONO-1016 group were less severe than those in non-treated group. From these results, ONO-1016 may prevent the brain edema formation associated with hypoperfusion during reperfusion period after ischemia in SHR-SP.

Animals↗