Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to M Krause.
The recent advent of microcomputers offers a possibility and challenge to use them for data acquisition, storage and analysis. The paper describes a simple program which allows to analyze and storage the spirometric data. The program was written in BASIC-80 so that it could be easily modified and extended. A microcomputer MC 80 was used.
The computer program LSD 1 published in 1973 which was used for daily processing of lung function data in a number of hospitals is at present realized on the computer KRS 4 201. In the last years new reference values and new valuations of parameters lead to changed and more complete programs. The here presented new program is based consequently in magnetic files from data input with DEG 1 370 to output of the computed parameters. It concludes new reference values and SI-units also. With the computer KRS 4 201 parameters were corrected and computed, respectively, derivated diagnostic valuations were printed out and all data stored by magnetic files.
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Previous findings in our laboratory have identified a specific small nuclear RNA (7S-K) that promotes transcription initiation by RNA polymerase II in isolated mammalian nuclei. The present study was designed to investigate the homology between 7S-K RNAs and host and viral sequences in simian virus 40 (SV40)-transformed and in untransformed mouse 3T3 cells, with the object of testing the hypothesis that these RNAs take part in the transcription initiation complex by base pairing to promoter/enhancer regions of active genes. DNA . RNA hybridization experiments, using either Southern or RNA blotting techniques, indicated that both 7S-K and 7S-L RNAs hybridize to midrepetitive fractions of the mouse genome. However, only 7S-K RNA from transformed cells hybridized to SV40 DNA. Restriction mapping and nuclease S1 treatment of the hybridized region of SV40 yielded a 45-nucleotide-long hybrid duplex. Partial sequence analysis of the 5' end of the DNA in this duplex revealed sequence homology with the 21-base-pair repeat sequence, identified as the SV40 early promoter. Because the viral early gene is expressed in transformed cells, we conclude that 7S-K RNAs in these cells contain a species that has sequence homology to a promoter of an active gene. Taking these results together with previous ones, we postulate that the observed stimulatory activity of 7S-K RNA on transcription initiation is due to its recognition of promoter sequences, either to facilitate the formation or as part of the transcription initiation complex.
This investigation was directed at evaluating nine cognitive ability tasks for repeated measures applications and inclusion in the Performance Evaluation Tests for Environmental Research (PETER) battery. In the first study, five tasks from the Moran Battery, which were adapted from the French kit of factor-referenced tests, were administered to 18 subjects daily for 13 workdays. In the second study, four tasks from the Carter and Sbisa Computer Generated Battery were administered daily to 17 subjects (12 in common with first study) for 15 workdays. Examination of the means, variances, and interday reliabilities, together with factor analysis of the cross-task correlations, led to the recommendation of four tasks. Tasks recommended for repeated measures applications were Vertical Addition, Perceptual Speed, Grammatical Reasoning, and Flexibility of Closure.
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Small molecular weight nuclear RNAs were extracted from cultured Drosophila KC-H cells and characterized by their electrophoretic mobilities in 5--15% gradient acrylamide gels or in 10% acrylamide-7 M urea gels. Comparison between the electrophoretic profiles of these SnRNAs with those from human and mouse cells revealed striking similarities and allowed for assignation of band nomenclatures as established for mammalian cells. Comparison of mobilities in the two gel systems also permitted correspondence between the different nomenclatures established by various groups for this class of RNAs, as well as an approximate estimate of their molecular sizes.
The cyclopeptide antibiotic gramicidin S or tyrocidine in concentrations of 2 to 4 mumol/mg of membrane protein inhibited the active transport of [3H]alanine and [3H]uridine in membrane vesicles isolated from Bacillus brevis and Bacillus subtilis. We used one analog of gramicidin S and two of tyrocidine A to study the relationship between peptide structure and antibacterial action as seen in inhibiting active transport and in vitro transcription and in delaying spore outgrowth. The data showed that [Ser2,2']-gramicidin S, in which the two ornithine residues were replaced by two serines, was at least 50 times less active antibacterially and gave a low response in transport inhibition and delay of spore outgrowth compared with the natural peptide. The antibacterial activity of [Val6]-tyrocidine A was twice lower than that of tyrocidine A, and it also showed a considerable reduction in transport and transcription inhibition. [Orn7]-tyrocidine A containing two ornithine residues in positions corresponding to those in gramicidin S was almost inactive in all functions tested. The correlation between peptide structure and activity is discussed.
For the early diagnostics of chronic nonspecific pulmonary disease reversible functional disorders in persons without any symptoms and those with manifest obstruction should be identified. Provocation tests with acetylcholine-ultrasonic-aerosol have proved themselves. In 25 persons without any respiratory symptoms and in 27 patients with manifest obstruction the reactions of increased airway resistance to the hemodynamic of the pulmonary circuit were studied. It is possible to separate clearly groups with different pulmonary artery stream resistance measured by means of microheart-catheterization after inhalation of 0.01% acetylcholine-ultrasonic-aerosol.
A simple method for the estimation of the closing volume is demonstrated and the values got from 120 healthy males are cited as reference values. The exactness of measuring in sufficient for the practical demands. The results correspond to those in literature.
The closing volume method is suitably to be used in exposed groups of the population, the preliminary diagnostics of them is inconspicuous, in order to establish in time beginning and thus therapeutically influencible alterations of the small respiratory tract. In such a group of test persons only relatively slight connections with the other conventional lung standard methods are the result, by means of which its independence is emphasized. On the other hand less promising seems to be the application of the method in the verification of a "small airways obstruction" in smokers, whose vital capacity, forced expiratory volume and residual volume are within the normal.
In 255 males the HDL-cholesterol values were compared with the results of the load-ECG-investigations. A statistically significant accumulation of findings in the load-ECG with references to a chronic ischaemic heart disease and a HDL-cholesterol level lower than 0,90 mmol/l is the result. It is recommended in correspondence with literature to use the estimation of LDH-cholesterol for the diagnostics and the control of the therapy of the chronic ischaemic heart disease.
For the soluble endo-polygalacturonase (EC 3.2.1.15.) from Aspergillus spec., investigated in the present work, the defined substrate turnover U at 50% loss of viscosity if 0.2% and is independent on the reaction temperature. In the case of the covalently-bonded enzyme, the following linear equation applies to U, depending on the specific activity A and in the limits from A = O [U] and Amax: U = [U] + S square root of A. U is influenced by the kind of linkage, the conditions of immobilization and the properties of the carrier: it is a measure of the postulated conformational change of the polygalacturonase. The characteristic limiting value for the substrate turnover at A = O [U] is also temperature-independent and proves to be a true increment of binding, whereas Amax depends essentially on the porosity of the carrier. Polygalacturonase-sepharose complexes with a real substrate turnover U of 3--20% were prepared by varying systematically the kind of linkage and the specific activity A. It was found that with increasing U these complexes were, as a rule, inhibited to a lesser extent by a non-competitive pectinase inhibitor than the soluble polygalacturonase. Furthermore, their ability to liberate or enrich oligomeric galacturonic acids with a degree of polymerization greater than 3 was markedly reduced.
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Investigations in 77 healthy persons and 94 patients with a manifest obstructive lung disease have led to the result that not only the central but also the peripheral part of the bronchial system are influenced by the bronchial reactivity. Accordingly the examination of the bronchial reactivity (0.01% acetylcholine solution as ultrasonic aerosol) enable in healthy persons a certain differentiation between smokers and non-smokers if the single breath test by means of the slope index are used. Therefore the method of investigation may be recommended for the early detection of functional disorders of persons with inhalatory exposure to noxious substances.
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A great number of clinical and functional-diagnostic efforts are aimed at interpretation to the thorax-surgeon about the functional risk before a lung operation and to guarantee the patient with resected lung a sufficient pulmonal and cardial efficiency in the postoperative period of life. In a retrospective study 78 male patients were investigated with regard to the course of the ventilatory, respiratory and hemodynamic function until a postoperative interval of maximum 25 years, and differences in dependence on the operation-age are pointed out.
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