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Biomedical subjects

M Kontturi

Publications and source records attributed to M Kontturi.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Ceftazidime vs. tobramycin for serious infections in urological patients.

A prospective, randomized study was undertaken to compare the efficacy and safety of tobramycin and ceftazidime in the treatment of serious infections in 77 urological patients. Of the 39 tobramycin-treated and 38 ceftazidime-treated patients, 74% and 82%, respectively, were cured clinically. Microbiological cure rates were 72% and 79%, respectively. Three patients treated with tobramycin and two treated with ceftazidime developed a significant superinfection. Both drugs were tolerated well. Because of potential ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity the use of aminoglycosides is less advantageous than ceftazidime for seriously infected urological patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Sarcoidosis of the bladder: a case report and literature review.

A case of bladder sarcoidosis in a woman with known systemic involvement of this disease is reported. The lesion improved and ureteral obstruction was relieved after transurethral resection and systemic corticosteroid treatment. Sarcoidosis and malacoplakia are believed to represent distinct disease processes in the bladder.

Female↗
PubMed1989

Urodynamics in radical retropubic prostatectomy.

Urodynamic examinations were performed on 19 patients undergoing radical retropubic prostatectomy for localized prostatic carcinoma. Altogether 16 urodynamic parameters were analyzed preoperatively and 6 months afterwards. There was a significant decrease in bladder wall compliance and an increase in intravesical and abdominal pressure at maximum flow rate postoperatively. These findings may reflect a partial bladder decentralization caused by surgery. The amount of residual urine was reduced postoperatively. Two patients (10.5%) were totally incontinent, and in both the postoperative urethral closure pressures were low.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1988

Ethanolamine oleate as a sclerosant for testicular hydroceles and epididymal cysts.

Forty patients with testicular hydroceles and 16 patients with epididymal cysts were treated by tapping and injection of ethanolamine oleate; 97.5% of the hydroceles and 31% of the epididymal cysts were completely cured, 50% of the latter partly cured and 19% failed. About half of the patients experienced pain after treatment. Two patients developed infection. Ultrasonography showed no change in the testicular tissue during the follow-up period. Sclerotherapy with ethanolamine oleate is a rapid and cost-effective modality which can be recommended as primary treatment for hydroceles and for unilocular epididymal cysts, especially in elderly males.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Sequentially alternating hormone chemotherapy with high-dose medroxy-progesterone acetate and low-dose epirubicin for the treatment of hormone-resistant metastatic prostatic cancer.

Thirty patients with hormone-resistant metastatic progressive prostatic carcinoma were treated with sequentially alternating hormone chemotherapy. They were given 1,000 mg medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) orally for 26 days followed by intravenous doses of 25 mg/m2 epirubicin weekly for 4 weeks. The median duration of the treatment was 29 weeks (range 8-84). In 2 patients a more than 50% reduction in the size of measurable lymph node metastases was observed and in 2 others skeletal metastases decreased. Serum acid phosphatase normalized in 6 patients. Twenty-five patients achieved a subjective response (median duration 24 weeks; range 4-76 weeks). Median survival from the start of treatment (30 +/- 16 weeks) was unrelated to the achievement of subjective response. Normalization of serum acid phosphatase and a more than 50% reduction in serum alkaline phosphatase correlated with the achievement of a subjective response. Toxicity was generally mild, but in 1 case therapy was discontinued because of suspected cardiotoxicity. Sequentially alternating high-dose MPA low-dose epirubicin hormone chemotherapy has a marginal objective effect but a good subjective effect on progressing hormone-resistant prostatic cancer.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1988

Treatment of advanced prostatic carcinoma with a slow release depot LHRH analogue (Zoladex depot).

We treated 38 patients with newly diagnosed advanced prostatic cancer with monthly injections of a long acting depot preparation of a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone superagonist (Zoladex depot). After 6 months' treatment 10% of the patients had complete objective regression, 77% had partial objective regression, 3% stable disease and 10% had objective progression. The LHRH analogue does not have the metabolic side effects of oestrogens. Depot luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue may well become a preferred alternative for patients with advanced prostatic cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Incidentally detected renal carcinoma.

The manner of presentation and tumour stage in 52 consecutive patients with renal carcinoma who were treated surgically between 1974 and 1979 (group I) and 112 patients treated similarly between 1980 and 1985 (group II) were reviewed. In group I 16 cases (31%) were discovered incidentally compared to 50 cases (45%) in group II. Before the year 1980 most of the tumours were discovered incidentally at the time of intravenous urography (IVP) or angiography performed for examinations of urinary tract infection or hypertension. After 1980 most incidentally discovered tumours were found at ultrasound or computed tomography (CT) examinations. The tumour stage was lower in the incidentally discovered cases than in cases where the diagnosis was suspected. Routine use of excretory urography, computed tomography, ultrasound, bone scans and other effective diagnostic studies has led to earlier diagnosis, lower stage and possibly better survival in incidentally found cases of renal carcinoma than in cases when the diagnosis was suspected.

Angiography↗
PubMed1988

Radioimaging of lymph node involvement in prostatic carcinoma.

We have previously shown that Tc-99m- or In-111-labelled derivatives of monoclonal antibodies against prostatic acid phosphatase can be used to reveal bone metastases of prostatic carcinoma. In this study, seven patients who were candidates for radical prostatectomy and two patients with bone metastases, were investigated to evaluate the applicability of this technique for preoperative staging of the patients. One milligram of monoclonal antibodies was injected bilaterally into the periprostatic space, and the patients were subjected to measurements by gamma camera. In one patient metastases were detected in the left para-aortic, iliac and obturator lymph nodes by this technique. The lesions incorporating radioactivity were confirmed to be metastases of prostatic cancer following staging pelvic lymphadenectomy. In the other four patients, radioimaging did not show any lymph node metastases, and this negative finding was confirmed at the operation. These early data indicate the possibility of preoperative staging of prostatic cancer by means of radiolabelled derivates of monoclonal antibodies, raised against prostatic acid phosphatase and injected into the periprostatic area.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1987

Immunoscintigraphic evaluation of lymph node involvement in prostatic carcinoma.

Five patients who were candidates for radical prostatectomy were investigated. One milligram of diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid derivatives of purified F(ab')2 fragments of monoclonal antibodies against prostatic acid phosphatase, labeled with 99mTc, were bilaterally injected into the periprostatic space. The amount of radioactivity injected varied between 3 and 7 mCi. Imaging took place dynamically for the first hour following injection, then at 6 and 24 hr. In one patient, lymph node metastases were detected in the left paraaortic, iliac, and obturator lymph nodes by this technique. The lesions incorporating radioactivity were confirmed to be metastases of prostatic cancer following staging pelvic lymphadenectomy. Immunolabeling electron microscopy studies revealed internalized antibody in prostatic cancer cells. In the four other patients, radioimaging did not show any lymph node metastases, and this negative finding was confirmed at surgery. These early data indicate the possibility of preoperative staging of prostatic cancer using radiolabeled derivatives of monoclonal antibodies raised against prostatic acid phosphatase and injected into the periprostatic area.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1987

Intravesical prostaglandin F2 for promoting bladder emptying after surgery for female stress incontinence.

Prostaglandin F2 alpha 10 mg was administered intravesically in a double-blind placebo-controlled study to promote micturition in cases of urinary retention after operative treatment of urinary stress incontinence in women. Fifteen of 18 patients (83%) succeeded in voiding after treatment with prostaglandin F2 alpha, but the placebo was ineffective in all 18 patients (P less than 0.001). Although the effect of prostaglandin F2 alpha on bladder muscle contraction was short-lived, it seemed to enhance the restoration of bladder motor function with no serious side effects, and thus to be clinically useful in the treatment of post-operative urinary retention.

Administration, Intravesical↗
PubMed1987

Prevention of postoperative urinary retention after total hip arthroplasty in male patients.

The efficacy of phenoxybenzamine in preventing postoperative urinary retention after total hip arthroplasty was investigated in a double-blind placebo-controlled study on 60 consecutive male patients with obstructive urinary symptoms. The patients were randomized into two groups, one being given 10 mg phenoxybenzamine orally and the other a placebo immediately after the termination of the operation and 8 and 16 hours later. Only 10% of the patients in the phenoxybenzamine group were affected by retention compared with 48% in the placebo group (p less than 0.01). It is concluded that phenoxybenzamine effectively prevents urinary retention after total hip arthroplasty in male patients with obstructive urinary symptoms. The drug is recommended for routine prophylactic use with patients not presenting with impaired cerebral circulation or serious coronary heart disease, to prevent infection leading to bacteraemia or other complications of urinary catheterization.

Aged↗