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Biomedical subjects

M Kono

Publications and source records attributed to M Kono.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Diagnosis of invasion to thoracic aorta and superior vena cava in lung cancer; comparative studies on CT and MRI in resected or autopsied cases].

The diagnostic accuracy of invasion to the thoracic aorta (n = 23) and the superior vena cava (n = 22) on CT and MRI was compared to operative or autopsied finding in lung cancer. MRI was slightly superior to CT in its ability to diagnose tumor invasion to them. It is noteworthy that this invasion could be easily demonstrated by multiplanar MRI. In conclusion, because CT or MRI has diagnostic weak point respectively, these modalities should be combined adequately corresponding to the areas of tumor invasion.

Aorta, Thoracic↗
PubMed1989

[Experimental study of arterial damage induced by anti-cancer drug infusion].

In order to clarify the cause of arterial changes after intra-arterial infusion of anti-cancer drugs (AI-AD) experiments were made on the arteries of rabbits. Histopathologic sections, 7 days after AI-AD revealed endothelial damage characterized by pyknosis, hyalinization with edematous change of the intimal layer. Proliferation of the endothelial cells was also observed. The cause of narrowing or occlusion of the arteries was considered to occur with thrombus formation surrounded by the proliferated endothelial cells and this suggested that thrombolytic agents would be effective to prevent these arterial changes.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Experimental study of embolo-hyperthermia for treatment of liver tumor--induction heating to ferromagnetic particles injected into tumor tissue].

Hepatic arterial embolization was performed on VX2 liver tumor of rabbit with subsequent induction heating to the tumor. Prior to the heating, iron particle suspension was injected into tumor tissue as a target of induction heating (500 KHZ, 9 KW). The temperatures of the tumor and liver parenchyma were measured with fluoroptic thermometer. Elevation of the tumor temperature during initial heating for 6 minutes were well correlated to the dose of iron particles injected; 1.4 degrees C with 1 g, 3.0 degrees C with 2 g, and 4.9 degrees C with 3 g. The temperature of liver parenchyma were below 39 degrees C even with 3 g injection.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[MR imaging in the assessment of lung cancer patients: primary lung cancer staging, evaluation of therapeutic effect and diagnosis of recurrent tumor].

Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography were compared in a prospective study of 137 lung cancer patients proved by surgery or autopsy for determining the staging, evaluation of therapeutic effect and diagnosis of recurrent tumor. 1. Lung cancer staging In peripheral lung cancer, T1 and T2 relaxation times of the tumors before operation have some correlation with those of operated specimens. These relaxation times, however, are of limited nodule characterization. Hilar mass and adjacent pulmonary consolidation (obstructive pneumonia or collapse) can be distinguished on T2-weighted image (77%) and Gd-DTPA enhanced image (80%). Therefore these images help in distinguishing tumor from peripheral lung disease. In the diagnosis of tumor invasion to the heart and great vessels, MRI is superior to CT because MRI can be helpful in distinguishing true mass from heart and great vessels. As for the chest wall, MRI is more useful than CT in detecting tumor invasion especially to the thoracic inlet and superior regions. In the diagnosis of mediastinal and hilar lymphadenopathy, MRI is equivalent or slightly inferior to CT, but MRI can easily demonstrate the lymphadenopathy at subcarinal region on coronal image. 2. Evaluation of therapeutic effect in lung cancer patients treated by radiation and chemotherapy MRI patterns of therapeutic effect was divided into 3 types. It is suggested that there is some correlation between these patterns and histologic types. MRI can easily demonstrate necrotic area on T2-weighted and Gd-DTPA enhanced images. 3. Diagnosis of recurrent tumor in treated lung cancer Concerning detecting recurrent tumor after surgery or irradiation, and delineating tumor from radiation pneumonitis, T2-weighted and Gd-DTPA enhanced images are of clinical value.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1989

[Magnetic resonance imaging of the metastatic vertebral tumor].

Fourty two patients underwent MR studies for a variety of lesions in the vertebral body. A 0.15-T MR system was employed. Twenty five patients were found to have malignant metastatic lesions (group 1); 16 had non-neoplastic lesions (group 2). The ability to discriminate between group 1 and group 2 with MR imaging was evaluated. All malignant metastatic lesions appeared as low intensity areas on both T1-weighted spin echo image and inversion recovery image, but 44 to 53% of the non-neoplastic lesions appeared as low intensity areas, respectively. The diagnostic ability with signal intensity of the vertebral column was evaluated on various pulse sequences; sensitivity of inversion recovery and T1-weighted spin echo image was 100%, in contrast specificity of these pulse sequences was 47 to 56%, overall accuracy was the highest on T1-weighted spin echo image (86%). The signal intensity of intervertebral disk was also evaluated in both groups. The intervertebral disks adjacent to the all malignant metastatic lesions showed normal intensity on both T1-weighted spin echo image and inversion recovery image, but non-neoplastic lesions showed variable intensities on images with all pulse sequences. The diagnostic ability with the signal intensities of the vertebral column and intervertebral disk was higher than that of the vertebral columns alone. Consequently accuracy was the highest in that case of both intervertebral disk and bone marrow which were imaged on T1-weighted spin echo (93%). We concluded that this diagnostic method was useful in distinguishing malignant metastatic from non-neoplastic lesions.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

[Experimental studies on mechanisms and prevention of radiation pneumonitis].

Radiation pneumonitis are well recognized as complications of radiotherapy for the thoracic malignancies. However, the pathogenesis of radiation pneumonitis has been poorly understood and prevention of it has not been developed. In this study, to define the mechanisms of radiation pneumonitis biologically, we measured lipid peroxides, the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH pex.), leukotriene C4 and D4 (LTC4 and LTD4) in the irradiated lungs of mice. Eight weeks old female ICR mice were sacrificed at various time periods (immediately after to 5 days) following the 10 Gy whole-body irradiation with 60Co gamma rays. The lipid peroxides and the activities of GSH pex. increased immediately after the irradiation, but returned to the control level 1 hour after the irradiation. And then, the lipid peroxides also increased from 1 day after the irradiation, while the activities of GSH pex. decreased below the control level. LTC4 and LTD4 in the irradiated lungs of mice were also significantly higher than those of non-irradiated controls. Furthermore, we investigated effects of Coenzyme Q10 and Azelastine for the prevention of radiation pneumonitis. Lungs of ICR mice after 10 Gy whole-thorax irradiation treated with those drugs were compared with the control lungs pathologically. Intraperitoneal administration of those drugs decreased the damages for endothelium, such as vacuole formation and stripping off the basement membrane which were recognized by electron microscope. Based on these results, it was strongly suggested that initial damage of irradiated lungs might be induced by lipid peroxides and leukotrienes, and that Coenzyme Q10 and Azelastine could reduce radiation pneumonitis.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Purification and characterization of macrolide 2'-phosphotransferase from a strain of Escherichia coli that is highly resistant to erythromycin.

Macrolide 2'-phosphotransferase [MPH(2')] was purified 90-fold from an erythromycin-resistant strain of Escherichia coli, and its enzymatic properties were investigated. MPH(2') is an inducible intracellular enzyme which showed high levels of activity with 14-member-ring macrolides and extremely low levels with 16-member-ring macrolides. The optimum pH for inactivation of oleandomycin was 8.2, and the optimum temperature of the reaction was 40 degrees C. Enzyme activity was lost by heat treatment at 50 degrees C for 1 min. The isoelectric point and molecular weight of the enzyme were 5.3 and 34,000, respectively. Purine nucleotides, such as GTP, ITP, and ATP, were effective as cofactors in the inactivation of macrolides. Iodine, EDTA, or divalent cations inhibited MPH(2') activity.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1989

Synthesis and antitumor activity of a novel water soluble mitomycin analog; 7-N-[2-[[2-(gamma-L-glutamylamino)ethyl]dithio]ethyl]mitomycin C.

Introducing the mercaptoethyl group at the 7-N position of mitomycin C 1 has led to the isolation of 7-N,7'-N'-dithiodiethylenedimitomycin C 2. The compound 2 showed excellent antitumor activity against sarcoma 180 (sc-ip) and leukemia P388 (ip-ip) in mice. As an extension of this study, we synthesized mitomycin dimers with symmetrical disulfide and mitomycin derivatives with unsymmetrical disulfide at the 7-N side chain. Among these compounds, the water soluble conjugate 3 with ethyl gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteinylglycinate was far more effective against sarcoma 180 and leukemia P388 than 1. During the subsequent stage of inquiry for the potent congeners of 3, the compound 4 (water solubility: greater than 500 mg/ml), designated as KW2149, with the gamma-L-glutamylcystamino group at the 7th position was finally selected for further evaluation.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Interventional DSA in lung cancer--bronchial artery infusion].

Bronchial artery infusion (BAI) has been looked to as an important adjunct for controlling lung cancer. However, there are some anatomic facts to meet in performing angiography: multiplicity of the bronchial artery with wide variation of ramification pattern. To deal with these problems, since 1984, we have been working with DSA apparatus (Siemens: ANGIOTRON) for intervention in 162 cases of lung cancer. Because of higher contrast resolution, subtracted dynamic image and realtime replay on CRT, DSA allows (1) bronchial artery mapping on aortography, (2) prompt verification of the areas to be or not to be infused by anticancer drugs, and (3) tumor stain not only in the primary lesion but also metastasized lymph nodes or mediastinal invasion. DSA aortography evaluated the right-sided bronchial artery more frequently (90.1%) than the left-sided (46.3%). Tumor location made feeding vessels more remarkable on DSA: 96.0% in the right and 68.9% in the left. The overall accuracy of BAI basically depends on the result of DSA measuring 91.9% (149 of 162 cases). The effect of BAI combined with radiation therapy, for each histologic category, preliminarily estimated in two groups: one with two drugs and another with CDDP. Small cell carcinoma with "two drugs" and squamous cell carcinoma with CDDP seem to show statistical predominance in the period of 50% tumor size reduction.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Neurilemmoma of lesser omentum].

A very rare case of neurilemmoma of lesser omentum was reported. The tumor was circumscribed and solid. And it had necrotic parts within it. Echography and X ray CT revealed its inner structure. Angiography showed similarity of benign solitary neurogenic tumor in other sites.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[A comparative study of CT and plain X-ray film in the diagnosis of interstitial pulmonary disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis].

In order to detect the interstitial pulmonary disease of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), we studied 91 patients with RA and compared the appearances of high resolution CT with those of plain chest X-ray film. We found 43 cases of interstitial pneumonitis on CT. We classified the CT and X-ray appearances as 4 groups (0-3) based on the degrees of pulmonary lesions. The both classifications accorded only in 46 cases (51%). In 46 cases who were not detected any changes by plain X-ray film, 17 were detected interstitial changes by CT. As to the early interstitial changes, the detectability of CT was superior to that of plain X-ray film.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

A sensitive two-site enzyme immunoassay for human pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor (PSTI) using monoclonal antibodies.

By using monoclonal antibody against human pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor (PSTI), we developed a highly sensitive, simple, and reliable two-site enzyme immunoassay system. The minimum amount of PSTI detected by this EIA is approximately 10 pg/ml when a 100 microliter aliquot of the sample is used. Good reproducibilities of within- and between-assay series and excellent recovery of exogenous PSTI from serum were observed. The correlation between the values obtained by the EIA and RIA methods was given by the linear regression equation, y = 1.09x + 4.6, for which the correlation coefficient (r) was 0.980 (n = 20). Antigenicity of the trypsin-PSTI complexes was found to be approximately 10% of that of PSTI. From these results, it seems that our recently developed EIA system for PSTI is useful in clinical testing for quantitation of PSTI in body fluids, for biochemical studies on synthesis and secretion of PSTI, and also for study of pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the development of acute pancreatitis and certain malignant neoplasms.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗